With his eloquence, Yuqing quickly gained the appreciation of the king of Zhao at that time and became a senior official of Zhao. When she is promoted and made a fortune, Yu Qing wants to tear down her old house and build a new one. So he found a group of skilled craftsmen to help him build the house. One day, Qing Yu went to the site of the new house to see how it was. Seeing that the frame of the new house had been set up, Yu Qing thought it was too high, so he said to the craftsman, "The roof is too high." The craftsman said to Yu Qing, "Because the wood is not dry enough, it is easy to bend, the mortar is wet and the wet mortar is heavy. If you use wood that is not dry enough to bear heavy mortar, the wood will bend more easily and the house will collapse easily. " Jade Qing said, "Wrong! When the rafters are dry, they will be straight, and when the mud is dry, it will become lighter. If the rafters and soil are really dry, the soil will become lighter and the wood will dry out day by day. Even if it takes a long time, the house will not collapse. You can do as I say. " Hearing this, the carpenter felt that it seemed inappropriate, but he couldn't refute Qing Yu's words, so he had to make rafters out of unfinished wood and build a house.
The house is finished. Soon, the wood that had not been completely dried was bent because of the heavy soil, and Qing Yu's new house collapsed.
Thoughts after reading: An eloquent person can persuade others with his own rhetoric, but sometimes what he convinces others may not work.
My name is Zheng Xiu, and my husband is the king, the king of the powerful State of Chu. In the palace, he is supreme. Although I am his favorite princess, there are 3,000 beautiful women in the harem. To be loved by her husband for a long time, it is not enough to be beautiful, but also to have quiet wisdom. In this harem deeper than the sea, if I lose the king's favor, it will be beyond redemption. I only hear the new people laughing, but I don't care that the old people are crying. The cries of those lost concubines made me shudder.
But my husband is the king, the king of a powerful country, so there will be new beautiful women entering the palace constantly. Recently, Wang Wei, a vassal state of Chu, sent another stunning beauty. Women in Wei are so gentle and lovely that my king's heart is fascinated. For several days, he didn't let me wait for the banquet. Although he will come to see me, they all come and go in a hurry. As long as beauty Wei calls, he will be happy to offer a smiling face.
Fable of Han Feizi 2 Luxiang loves to eat fish
The public loves to eat fish, and a country tries its best to buy fish, but GongSunZi doesn't accept it. Disciple remonstrated and said, "Master loves fish and doesn't take it. Why not?" Yes, he said, "My husband only likes fish, so he doesn't accept it. If a husband receives a fish, he will be a servant; If there is the color of servants, it is in vain; If the law is abolished, it will be avoided. Although I like fish, I don't have to fish, and I can't feed myself. In other words, I can't help eating fish. Although I am addicted to fish, I can raise fish myself. " This wise man is better than self-reliance, and a wise man is better than himself.
Free translation
During the Warring States Period, Duke Mu of Lu was the prime minister of Lu. He likes eating fish very much, so people who can get close to him are scrambling to buy fresh fish in season for him. But Mr. Gongsun refused to accept anything. His disciples were puzzled and said, "Mr. Wang likes eating fish very much and doesn't accept gifts from others." Why? "
Gong Sunyi warned his disciples: "It is because I like to eat fish that I explicitly refused to be given fish. If you accept other people's fish, it is inevitable to look at other people's faces. Look at other people's faces, and you will be on the road of breaking the law. If you break the law, you will be dismissed or even jailed. So at that time, although I loved to eat fish, no one would send me fish, and my salary was gone, so I didn't have a chance to eat fish. If I don't accept fish from others, I will be honest and upright, and I won't break the law. In this way, although I love fish, I still have enough money to supply myself with all kinds of delicious fish for a long time. " This is to understand that relying on others is better than relying on yourself! That is to tell people that it is better to rely on people who work for themselves than to rely on people who work for themselves.
Han Feizi's fable 3: A wife marries a woman
Ren Wei married his son and taught him, "You must accumulate in private. As a woman, it is often the case. Fortunately, it is a home. " His son accumulated in private, and his aunt felt more personal. If his son is so opposed, he will marry twice. His father doesn't blame his adopted son, knowing that he is rich. Nowadays, officials are all of the same class.
Free translation
When a man in Weiguo married his daughter, he said, "When you get to your husband's house, you must seize the opportunity to quietly accumulate private money. Because being a daughter-in-law, her husband's family dislikes her, and it is common to drive her back to her family. People who can live together for a lifetime are lucky. "
Wei Nv listened to her father's words and collected money privately. After all, her mother-in-law was more sophisticated, and she soon grasped the evidence that Wei's daughter had privately collected money. Although my mother-in-law knows that this kind of thing is a common phenomenon, she just thinks that the guardian's daughter has accumulated too much, so she drives her back to her family.
Wei Nv lost her husband and face, but the money she brought back to her family was twice as much as the dowry she brought when she got married. Her father doesn't blame himself for teaching his daughter improperly. Instead, he thinks he is smart and thinks it can make his family richer. At present, ministers of state are all officials.
Fable of Han Feizi 4 Zheng Xiu is not jealous
original text
Wang Wei bequeathed Ren Mei to Wang Jing, who was very satisfied with it. Mrs Zheng Xiu knew that Wang Yue liked it, and she loved it more than the king. Play with clothes and do whatever you want. Wang Yue said, "Madam knows that I love new people, and she loves them more than I do. This dutiful son supports his relatives, and loyal ministers serve you. " The lady knew that Wang was not jealous of herself, because the couple said, "Wang loves his son very much, but hates his nose." Seeing that Wang often covers his nose, Wang often has fun with his son. " So the couple followed, always covering their noses when they saw the king. Wang said to his wife, "Why do newcomers always cover their noses when they see me?" Right: "I don't know." When Wang Qiang asked him, he said to him, "I have tasted the bad words of the king and smelled his stink." The king was angry and said, "Oh, ④!" The lady first warned the Royal Guard, saying, "Wang Shi will do as he says." (5) the charioteer slaps the knife to humiliate the beauty.
To annotate ...
1 Legacy: gift. King Jing: King Chu. In poetry and Fu, King Xiang of Chu is often mentioned. Legend has it that Xiang Wang fell in love with Wushan goddess. See Song Yu's Gao Xu and Shen Nv Fu Xu. The second song of Wushan High School in Tang Dynasty: "Goddess goes to Gaotang and the sun sets in Wushan; Pei Hui went to the rain, and Grace Fu chased Wang Jing. " (2) Lady: The wife of an ancient warlord was called Lady, and later it was called Shu Ren's wife, as well as the address of courtiers to their master's wife. Now it is mostly used in formal occasions. (3) He Qing: Just now, not long ago. Taste: Guang Yun once wrote. ④ ":The original meaning is the punishment of cutting off the nose in ancient times. Pian Yu said, "Oh, cut." ⑤ Adaptation: If, if, hypothesis. Ke: I should, I should. ⑥ (yú): Take it out with a wave of your hand.
translate
Wang Wei gave the king of Chu another stunning beauty, and his heart was soon fascinated by Wei's beauty. Zheng Xiu, the wife of the king of Chu, was very jealous, but she showed that she liked her better than the king of Chu, and her jewels were rare, so the Wei daughter chose everything for her. Zheng Xiu's disguise completely blinded the king of Chu, who said to Zheng Xiu, "Madam knows that I like this new beauty. You can obey the king's wishes and love what the king loves, but you love her more than me. This is the behavior of a dutiful son supporting his parents and a loyal minister serving the king! "
Zheng Xiu was convinced that the king of Chu no longer suspected that he was jealous of Wei, so he secretly accelerated the pace of designing harm to Wei. Therefore, he said to Wei, "The King of Chu loves you very much, but he doesn't like your nose. When a little girl goes to see the king of Chu, she has to cover her nose, so she is often favored by the king of Chu. "
Therefore, Wei obeyed without warning and covered his nose every time he saw the king of Chu. The king of Chu said to Zheng Xiu, "This new beauty always covers her nose when she comes to see me. Why? " Zheng Xiu deliberately concealed it and replied confusedly: "I don't know why." The king of Chu didn't realize Zheng Xiu's trap at all, and unconsciously fell into the trap carefully designed by Zheng Xiu, determined to get to the bottom of it. It's time for Zheng Xiu to feel glad. He added fuel to the fire and replied, "Not long ago, I heard her say that she didn't like to smell the king's bad smell." The king of Chu was furious and shouted, "Cut off her nose!"
Because Zheng Xiu warned the guards in advance: "If the king of Chu has any orders, he must execute them immediately." So, before the king of Chu calmed down, the guards took advantage of it and cut off the beauty's nose.
explain
Han Feizi is a masterpiece of pre-Qin legalists, with more than 65,438 words. There are three or four hundred fables in the book. The author is good at skillfully using fables, which are based on social reality, historical figures, historical events or folk stories, and are all refined through Han Feizi's in-depth and meticulous observation of social phenomena. Although these vivid stories come from a specific environment, they contain profound philosophy, and the perfect combination of ideology and artistry gives people wisdom and enlightenment. Therefore, many fables in the book have long been deeply rooted in people's hearts, and some have become well-known idioms and allusions, such as Contradictions; Avoid diseases and avoid doctors > wait for rabbits >, buy shoes for Zheng people > find the way for old horses > and so on, which are also intriguing and warn the world, so they have been widely quoted for thousands of years.
Mr. Zhang (pen name Gong Mu) said: "One of the most obvious features of The Fables of Han Feizi is that it comprehensively and systematically reflects Han Feizi's view of history, society, literature, methodology and epistemology. It can be said that reading Han Feizi's fables is almost equivalent to reading a collection of legalist thoughts. "
Zheng Xiu is not jealous > This fable comes from "Everything is wrong in the shop". Han Feizi used this to illustrate the truth that' the master lost his sentence and the minister was private'.
Fable of Han Feizi 5 Luxiang loves to eat fish.
original text
The public loves to eat fish, and a country tries its best to buy fish, but GongSunZi doesn't accept it. His disciple remonstrated, ②: "What's wrong with your master loving fish and not taking it?" Yes, I said, "My husband only likes fish, so he doesn't accept it. If a husband receives a fish, he will be a servant; If there is the color of servants, it is in vain; If the law is abolished, it will be avoided. Although I like eating fish, it doesn't necessarily lead me to eat fish. I can't support myself. In other words, I can't help eating fish. Although I am addicted to fish, I can raise fish myself. " This wise man is not as good as self-reliance, and knowing others as himself is not as good as himself.
(This story is taken from Han Feizi's Foreign Storage.)
To annotate ...
① GongSunYi: The compound surname is GongSunYi. Prime Minister of Lu Mugong in the Warring States Period. ② Disciple: Disciple (senior students who are personally taught are called disciples, and ordinary students who are not directly taught are called disciples, collectively called disciples or students). Admonish: Admonish. Wei: Because. 4 that is, if. Infernal affairs: refers to other people's faces. ⑤ This is it. No need: not necessarily, not necessarily. To: Here, here. 6 for: help, governance.
translate
During the Warring States Period, Duke Mu of Lu became the prime minister of Lu. He likes eating fish very much, and people close to him all over the country are scrambling to buy baskets of fresh and timely fish for him. But Mr. Gongsun refused to accept anything. His disciples were puzzled and advised him to say, "Mr. Wang likes fish very much and doesn't accept gifts from others." Why? "
Gong earnestly warned his disciples: "It is because I like to eat fish that I explicitly refused to be given fish. If you accept other people's fish, you will definitely look up to others' faces. Doing things according to others' faces will lead to breaking the law. If you break the law, you will be fired or even imprisoned. In this way, although you want to eat fish, someone may not send it to me for no reason, and my salary will be gone, so there will be no chance to eat fish. If I don't accept fish from others, I will be honest and upright, and I won't break the law. In this way, although I love fish, I still have enough money to supply myself with all kinds of delicious fish for a long time. "
Gong's sober, self-disciplined, honest and law-abiding ideological character clearly tells people a profound truth here, that is,' it is better to rely on others than to rely on yourself'; And clearly tell people,' If you need others' help, wait for others to supervise, it is better to manage it yourself'.
Han Feizi's fable 6 Husband and wife pray
original text
Wei people have a husband and wife prayer, wishing: "I have a hundred bundles of cloth for no reason." "Her husband said," Why not? " Right: "Li 2, the son must buy a concubine. "
To annotate ...
① Bundle: "clothing book": silk bundle (jiān). Xia Zichuan: "Five horses are a bundle." (Horse, four zhangs also. -"Shuo Wen") 2 Benefits: More, richer, richer. Yes: very, very.
translate
A couple in Weiguo prayed to the gods, knelt respectfully in front of them and made sincere expectations to them. The wife prayed loudly: "merciful god!" I hope to keep us safe and give me a hundred bundles of cloth. " Her husband complained nearby, "Why do you ask so little?" The wife replied, "Alas! Too many, you will buy a little wife. "
explain
The fable "Husband and wife pray" comes from Everything is wrong in the shop. Han Feizi believes that people have different interests-that is, "differences in interests." Not only the interests of the monarch and the minister are different or even contradictory, but also driven by money, the husband and wife are disloyal.
Han Feizi's fable 7 Dogs are fierce and sour.
original text
In Song Dynasty, a drinker (1) was promoted to Jinbe, and he was very eager to meet guests, because the wine was beautiful and hung high (2), but it was sour if he didn't sell it. Asked the elder he knew, Qian said, "Are you a fierce dog?" "Why don't dogs sell wine?" Say, "People are afraid. Or make the boy pregnant with money, take the pot urn to the pot, the dog will lick it, and the wine will not be sold. "
There are also dogs in the countryside and people who know the way. They have unique skills and want to be the masters of the Ming Dynasty. Ministers are fierce dogs, so they are welcome. This man is threatening because he has insight, so it is unnecessary.
(This story is taken from "Han Feizi's Theory of Foreign Storage")
To annotate ...
1 g ū wine: selling wine. ② liters: wine measuring instruments. In favor: brewing. Blame it: I am surprised at this unexpected thing. Ask him what he knows: ask a learned person for advice. Lǘ: Block. ⑤ qiè: Hold in hand. Urn: An altar for wine syrup. 6 clothes: erya: clothes. That is, in. H: bite. ⑦ Ming: Help enlighten. 8 threat: blink control.
translate
There was a brewer in Song State. He opened a restaurant with accurate and fair measuring instruments, considerate and respectful service to the guests and beautiful wine. The wine flag hanging outside the store is high and eye-catching.
This restaurant is supposed to be prosperous, but on the contrary, his wine is often sour but can't be sold. ?
The shopkeeper was also surprised by this situation. They couldn't find the reason, so they had to ask the learned old man in Yang Qian. Yang Qian asked him, "Is the watchdog in your shop fierce?" The shopkeeper said puzzled, "dogs are really fierce, but why can't such a good wine be sold?" Old Qian laughed: "People are afraid of you, evil dog! Some people call their children to your house, holding money in their arms, carrying jugs and jars, and your evil dog grins at customers. How terrible! No matter how good your wine is, how many people dare to buy it? Therefore, it can only be sold if it is sour.
A country also has vicious dogs, moral and talented people, excellent general plans and ideals for governing the country, and wants to help and enlighten great kings, while those ministers are like vicious dogs, grinning and biting. This is why kings are deceived and controlled, but virtuous and talented people are not reused!
Han Feizi's fable 8 Dogs are fierce and sour.
In the Song Dynasty, wine drinkers were promoted to Jinbe, and they were very eager to meet guests, because the wine was beautiful and hung high, but it was not sold, and it was sour. Asked the elder he knew, Qian said, "Are you a fierce dog?" "Why don't dogs sell wine?" Say, "People are afraid. Or let the boy get pregnant with money, pick up the pot and walk into it, and the dog will lick it, so the wine will be sour and not sold. "
There are dogs in the country, and some people have ideas. They want to be masters of Ming Wan-cheng by their ability. Ministers are fierce dogs, so they are welcome. This man is a threat, and there are people who know the way, so there is no need.
Free translation
There was a brewer in Song State. He opened a restaurant with accurate and fair measuring instruments, considerate and respectful service to the guests and beautiful wine. The wine flag hanging outside the store is high and eye-catching.
He thinks his business will be prosperous, but his wine often turns sour, but he can't sell it.
The shopkeeper tried hard to find out the reason, so he had to consult a knowledgeable old man in Yang Qian, a neighbor. Yang Qian asked him, "Is the watchdog in your shop fierce?" The shopkeeper said puzzled, "dogs are really fierce, but why can't such a good wine be sold?" Old Qian laughed: "People are afraid of you, evil dog! Someone asked children to come to your house with money and drinking containers, but your evil dog barked at customers and bit people. How terrible! No one dares to come, so you can't sell your wine until it turns sour.
There are also vicious dogs in China. Sages with the skills of governing the country want to let the great monarch who rules ten thousand people know their superb skills and brilliant strategies, but evil ministers pounce on them like vicious dogs. This is why the king was deceived and held hostage, and the sage with the skill of governing the country was not appointed!
Han Feizi's Fable 9 Ceng Zi's wife went to the street. The youngest son tugged at his mother's skirt, crying and making noise, and wanted to play with him. Ceng Zi's wife was very sad. She bent down to coax him and said, "Go home, little baby. Mom will kill you when she comes home. " The youngest son swallowed and didn't stop. ? When his wife came back from the street, she saw Ceng Zi tied a fat pig to his side with a rope and a sharp knife. The wife panicked and quickly ran up to hold him and said, "You are crazy! I deliberately lied to the children. " Ceng Zi said seriously, "How can you cheat children? Children know nothing but imitate their parents. Now if you cheat children, you are teaching them to cheat others. The mother cheated her son, and the son didn't trust her. Is there such a mentor? " Ceng Zi say that finish, just a knife into the pig's throat.
Wei was defeated by Zhao, so the prince and minister Pang Gong of Wei will be sent to Handan, the capital of Zhao, as hostages. Before leaving, Pang Gong said to Wang Wei, "If someone came to report that a tiger ran out of the street, would your majesty believe it?" Wang Wei shook his head and said, "I don't believe it. Where did the tiger in the street come from? "
"If a second person comes to report that a tiger has been found in the street, do you believe it?" Wang Wei hesitated, but shook his head to show that he didn't believe it. Pang Gong asked again, "If a third person came to report that there were tigers in the street, would you believe it?" Wang Wei nodded and said, "I believe. All three people say so, and there is definitely no fake. " Pang Gong got up and said, "Everyone knows there can't be tigers in the street, but three people said there were, and the king believed him. Now Handan is much farther from Wei State than from here to the street. More than three people have spoken ill of me in front of your majesty. Please judge right and wrong. " Sure enough, as Pang Gong expected, as soon as he left, many people went to Wang Wei to create rumors, so that when he came back from Handan, Wang Wei never wanted to summon him again.