Ren Zhanglihai, Sun Dong Zhun Tian Rongjun, etc.
(Land and Resources Natural Geological Information Center)
This paper introduces the core management of Daqing Oilfield, Tarim Oilfield, Karamay Oilfield, Dagang Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield and Bohai Petroleum Research Institute, including the scale and storage service facilities of core banks, the source and quantity of cores, and the standardization and digitization of core banks.
Oil field; Core bank; Core; Custody; use
From 2002 to 2003, the Physical Geological Data Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources organized relevant personnel to investigate the core banks of Daqing Oilfield, Tarim Oilfield, Karamay Oilfield, Dagang Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield and Bohai Research Institute of China Offshore Oil Research Center, and learned about their core bank construction, core storage, information development and service utilization. Now they are introduced as follows.
First, the management status of physical geological data in Daqing Oilfield
1. Basic information
Daqing Oilfield attaches great importance to the management and utilization of physical geological data. At the beginning of the oil field battle, the core brigade was established to be responsible for the technical guidance and management of drilling and coring. 196 1 Build the first core warehouse with board houses, which will reach 1975 * * *, and the core warehouses with various structures will be 5000m2. Affected by the Cultural Revolution, the former core was seriously damaged. The first permanent core warehouse was built in 1982, and the second core warehouse, the third core warehouse and the fourth three-dimensional elevated core warehouse were built in 1986, 1990 and 1996 respectively. The total construction area of these four core warehouses reaches 165438+. Drilling and coring data in Daqing Oilfield are basically centralized here for unified management. By the end of June 20001year, * * * had collected 300,575 boxes of cores and cuttings from 2,872 wells.
The physical and geological data of Daqing Oilfield are managed by the core reference room of the Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Petroleum Administration. The laboratory was established in 1983, and was initially engaged in the management of single-core libraries. With the continuous improvement of enterprise file management level and informatization level, the work content of the laboratory has been continuously expanded, and it has become a comprehensive physical geological data management institution focusing on core management and integrating collection, preservation, testing, service and research.
Table 1 Overview of Built Core Library in Daqing Oilfield
The core reference room has 39 employees, including 3 room leaders (director, deputy director and secretary), and consists of 7 groups-field collection group, core management group, core processing group, sample preparation group, production group, fluorescence group and artificial core group. Senior engineer 1 person, 8 engineers and 30 others.
The basic functions of the core reference room include: core field collection and logging; Core transportation, storage and preservation; Accept inquiries and opinions; Sample preparation, fluorescence detection, analytical photography, core image scanning, thin slice processing and other services; Carry out in-depth development and research on the core.
The management of physical geological data in Daqing Oilfield has basically achieved standardization and mechanization, and on this basis, it has begun to develop towards automation and digitalization.
Of the four core warehouses, 1, No.2 and No.3 are still handled manually, and No.4 is handled mechanically.
The digitalization of core management has just started. The database initially established includes: core management frame database, core image database and sandstone database. These databases can be networked with analysis and testing databases and exploration and development databases managed by other departments to realize information sharing.
Core management should implement a set of enterprise standards and management methods, including: QD/KO/ 15- 1 core management method, Q/DQ08 14-94 core sample processing method and Q/DQ08 16-94 core fluorescence photography method. In addition, there are a series of internal management and external service methods.
2. Development, utilization and communication
The physical and geological data of Daqing Oilfield mainly serve the exploration and research work of this oilfield, followed by teaching and scientific popularization.
According to incomplete statistics, about 2000 tourists are received every year, mainly those who are engaged in planning, design, exploration and scientific research in this oilfield, and a small number of people who are engaged in related work in foreign oilfields and systems, as well as teachers and students in colleges and universities. Thousands to tens of thousands of boxes of cores are observed every year, and thousands of samples are tested or developed for the second time (Table 2).
Table 2 1996 ~ 1998 statistical table of observed cores and samples
Core management, development and utilization have played an important role in improving oilfield exploration efficiency and comprehensive research degree. Using these data, professionals have made many important achievements in off-balance-sheet reserves calculation, old well review, gravity, magnetism, electricity, porosity, permeability, saturation and other parameters calculation, reserves calculation, oil and gas prospect evaluation, exploration planning and so on. Through these works, not only 3 ~ 6 oil exploration wells can be saved every year, but also the understanding of the formation conditions and distribution law of oil and gas resources is deepened, which plays an important role in the practical work and long-term development of oil fields in the future.
The physical and geological data of Daqing Oilfield are owned by oilfield enterprises and are important information resources obtained with huge investment. The cores provided by Daqing Oilfield involve administrative management, confidentiality system and fund compensation. It is very difficult to exchange geological data in kind, but they are willing to exchange and cooperate with colleagues in different departments in management ideas and technical methods.
Two. Present situation of physical geological data management in Tarim Oilfield and Karamay Oilfield
1. Tarim Oilfield Core Library
(1) Basic information
The core bank of Tarim Oilfield, built in Korla, Xinjiang, has a construction area of 600m2, a total storage space of 42 12, which can store about 4× 104m of cores, and there is still more than half of the free storage space. At present, an average of 4000 ~ 5000 m cores enter the core library every year. At the same time, Tarim Oilfield has also built a cuttings bank with the same scale as the core bank. The roof of the core warehouse is steel structure. In order to ensure winter operation, the warehouse is equipped with heating equipment, and the cores are stored in plastic trays on the geological material rack of steel structure.
The core library of Tarim Oilfield belongs to the reference room of Tarim Oilfield Survey and Research Institute, and the rock room is one of the professional groups and an important part of Tarim Oilfield data research.
Core library professional group *** 10 people. Among them, there are 5 employees in charge of core acceptance, storage and sorting, 4 employees in core scanning room, and management 1 person.
There are two stackers, a truck, a transfer trolley, two gamma-ray scanners, two cutting machines and a polishing machine in the core library.
All cores obtained from field drilling must be submitted to the core library, and no shrinkage will be made in the middle. All written materials obtained from observation and research are handed over to the data research room for permanent preservation. So far, the core library has not been removed in any form. The core library staff collect and keep the core according to strict operating procedures, and the management work is serious and responsible. At present, the rock room has formulated the instrument management regulations such as coring operation rules of drill string in core library and γ -ray scanning operation rules.
(2) External services
Inquirers only need to obtain the approval of the technical department of the institute to enter the core library for inquiry. The core library is equipped with observation room and coring, scanning and cutting equipment to provide services for technicians who come to inquire. The core library has also formulated operating procedures such as coring, scanning and cutting to standardize sampling work. The core library of Tarim Oilfield has advanced service means and is one of the core libraries with the highest degree of automation in China. Inquirers can get all the contents including text description, scanned image and storage location by inputting the well number and other parameters of the queried object into the computer, which is convenient for obtaining the geological data of the queried object.
2. Karamay Oilfield Core Library
(1) Basic information
The core bank of Karamay Oilfield was built at 1988, in the analysis and testing center of Karamay Development and Research Institute of China Petroleum Xinjiang Branch. The total construction area of the core warehouse is 1000m2, and the roof is made of steel structure. Six lanes 12 rows form a three-dimensional core library, and there are also scanning rooms, core processing rooms, observation rooms and offices. Use wooden cases to store cores. The roof of the core warehouse is equipped with fire detectors and fire-fighting facilities. In order to facilitate winter operation, the core library is also equipped with heating equipment. 1994 was officially put into use, storing all cores produced in Karamay Oilfield from 1959 to 200 1. The core storage capacity is 17× 104m, and the actual storage capacity is 9× 104m.
The core library belongs to the Analysis and Testing Center of Karamay Exploration and Development Research Institute of China Petroleum Xinjiang Branch. The center is a national metrological certification qualified unit, has a complete quality management system, and has all the contents of general geological laboratories such as rock and mineral identification, slice grinding, electronic probe and chemical analysis of rock and mineral. The center is a comprehensive institution integrating research and experimental testing, with 168 employees.
Core library staff 12-6 in scanning operation group and 6 in processing group, including senior engineer 1 person and 2 engineers. The main contents of the work are to receive cores and cuttings into the warehouse, keep the cores by classification, establish and manage the database, receive scientific researchers coming to the warehouse, coring, grinding and maintaining the equipment.
The core storage equipment includes two stackers, a transfer trolley and a forklift. Three scanners; Two core cutters, two core drillers and two cutters.
(2) Core management
According to the regulations of the core library, all continuous cores sent from the field to the core library will be preserved as they are and will not be reduced. If it is really necessary to dismantle it for a long time, it must be reported to the technical department of the institute for approval before implementation. But this work has never been done since the establishment of the library.
The management of Karamay core library is very standardized and orderly. Inquirers need to be approved by the technical department of the institute before they can enter the core database for inquiry. The testing center can provide almost all technical services for researchers. In order to strengthen core management and ensure the integrity of physical data, cutting, grinding, Raman spectroscopy, chemical analysis and spectral analysis are required in this unit. At the same time, the core library has also formulated relevant regulations such as scanning, cutting and drilling string, which are supervised and implemented by the regulatory authorities, and the management of the core library is in good order.
3. Core Library of Bohai Research Institute of CNOOC Research Center
1. Basic information
The core library of Bohai Research Institute of CNOOC Research Center is located in Tanggu, Tianjin, and belongs to Bohai Research Institute of CNOOC Research Center. The core bank is responsible for managing all the cores, cuttings and other physical objects of the whole Bohai oil drilling, which are mainly taken from the Sino-US cooperative exploration projects in recent years and owned by both China and the United States.
The core library does not screen and restore all the physical objects formed by drilling, and puts them into the warehouse for long-term storage after sorting and testing. The core library has a capacity of 7,000m and three rows of core racks. Now it is in Man Ku, and some cores are stored in rented cold storage. The core warehouse has two daily supervisors and two workers. When the core library receives a large number of cores, the research room, laboratory and information room of the institute will cooperate with each other to complete the physical test, which mainly includes core receiving, gamma measurement, homing, cutting subdivision, sample preparation, sampling test, camera shooting, image acquisition, hole sealing with frozen wax, labeling and shelving.
The building area and capacity of the core library are small; The mechanization of core storage is low, and forklift trucks and manual handling are still used for core storage in the warehouse; There is no exhibition hall or observation room for visitors to visit the core pavilion, and users can only observe it on the spot next to the bookshelf; Narrow sample preparation workshop; The clients are relatively limited.
2. Outstanding advantages of the core library
(1) The rules and regulations of the core repository are relatively perfect.
Core warehousing not only has systematic rules and regulations in warehousing management, but also has operational rules and regulations in all aspects of core warehousing management.
The main rules and regulations are: the responsibility system for core management posts; Core storage regulations; Sampling rules for core libraries; Core warehouse safety management system; Responsibilities of the core warehouse keeper; Fire prevention regulations for core warehouses; Core image acquisition and data management rules and regulations.
The operating procedures of the main work links are: rock sample quality acceptance standard; Provisions on the use of labor protection articles; Safety management methods of oil samples; Operating procedures for liquid nitrogen storage tanks; Forklift operating procedures; Operating procedures of gamma meter; Operating rules of wax melting machine; Operating rules of cutting machine; Operation flow of macro core image acquisition instrument; Matters needing attention in core image acquisition and management, etc.
Sound rules and regulations make the management and service of the whole core library orderly.
(2) Advanced core sorting and testing technology before storage.
Marine geological drilling is difficult and expensive, and the cores obtained by drilling are generally loose. The core library of Bohai Petroleum Research Institute has a set of relatively perfect technical methods and reasonable operating procedures in sorting out loose cores, which has done a good job.
The basic method is to freeze the designed core hole section from drilling and coring, and the core is taken out of the drilling and stored in the freezer. After being sent to the core library, the core library administrator checks and accepts the core, and the tester measures the gamma curve of the whole core in the liquid nitrogen refrigeration environment and compares it with the logging curve, then returns the core to the actual drilling profile position, and then the tester cuts and divides the frozen core in the liquid nitrogen refrigeration environment. After white light, fluorescence whole-hearted photography and macro image acquisition, the separated cores are sealed with frozen wax, and finally labeled and put on shelves. Testers input all the test data into a microcomputer to establish a core file database.
Due to the high cost of coring drilling, some wells only take cuttings samples for cleaning, testing, air drying and bagging storage.
(3) Physical geological data management is highly digital.
The core database of Bohai Petroleum Research Institute pays attention to the modernization, informationization and networking of physical geological data management, and realizes the digital management of all core data files, and carries out online information release, online information inquiry and online information exchange through its own website. The core file database of microcomputer management mainly includes two parts:
1. Offshore drilling data-mainly including drilling design data, original drilling records, cores, cuttings, sidewall sampling sheets, logging curves, etc.
Secondly, the core indoor test data-mainly including acceptance list, gamma curve, core observation sampling test list, core sampling test data report, oil sample test results, core white light, fluorescence photography pictures, macro core images, etc.
Access users can query and access the information they need conveniently and quickly, and the core file database can meet the needs of ordinary users; Special users can check all the data of the core, and if necessary, they can observe the real core with the approval of the hospital leaders.
(4) Cooperate with foreign countries to keep and use cores.
Establish cooperative relations with the United States, introduce foreign capital for cooperative development, jointly manage the preservation of Bohai oil drilling cores, and obtain foreign financial support.
The visiting users of the core database are mainly foreign geologists and researchers of the institute, who provide paid services to the outside world. If sampling inspection is needed, the sampling fee, sample preparation fee and storage fee will be charged with the approval of the hospital leaders, and the test results will be returned to the hospital reference room.
3. Experience worth learning
First, although the hardware facilities of Bohai Petroleum Core Library are poor, the software environment is perfect, and it is in a leading position in the informationization and digitization of physical data management in China. Online information release not only improves publicity and popularity, but also allows users to observe physical image data and test data in remote places, thus improving service quality.
Second, the introduction of foreign capital has led to construction, development, stronger financial support and a foundation for sustainable development.
Third, the perfect rules and regulations make the management of the core library have rules to follow.
Four. Present situation of physical and geological data management in Dagang Oilfield
1. Basic information of the core library
The core bank of Dagang Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute is located in Dagang District, Tianjin, and belongs to the geochemical room of Dagang Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute. The core warehouse was built in 1964 with a building area of 1700m2. There are 6 rows of core racks in the warehouse with a storage capacity of 8× 104m, which are used to store all the cores, cuttings, sidewall coring and other physical objects drilled in Dagang Oilfield. At present, 20,000 boxes of cores have been stored, with a total length of 4× 104m. Head of core library 1 person, with 3 heads.
Core boxes with uniform specifications are used for reservoir rock cores in Dagang Oilfield. The cuttings and auxiliary samples are packed in kraft paper bags and in core boxes of the same specifications.
The core library of Dagang Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute has formulated a physical warehousing management process suitable for its own characteristics. Taking the physical geological data produced by a single well as the management unit, the flow chart is compiled: physical warehousing acceptance → warehousing registration → physical sorting and data archiving → core image collection → database data collection and management → observation sampling.
The flow chart specifies the standards and regulations to be implemented in each major work link, the main tasks to be completed in this link and the data to be collected. According to the flow chart, the manager completes all the sorting work in turn, collects all the required data, and finally puts the physical and geological data such as cores, cuttings and sidewall coring on the shelf for preservation.
The main standards and regulations implemented are: q/DGD1713-91core storage acceptance standard, q/DGD2915.1-kloc-0/997 (5.2) observation.
The main data collected after the physical goods are put into storage are: ① basic acceptance data provided by the receipt document; ② Original data of geological drilling; ③ Basic data provided by core and cuttings data card; ④ Core image acquisition; ⑤ Core storage records basic data; ⑥ Core search query basic data; ⑦ Statistics and summary reports of all kinds of physical data; (8) Basic data for physical observation and sampling; Pet-name ruby physical destruction of basic data.
The advantage of this management mode of the core library of Dagang Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute is that each manager has clear responsibilities in each link and operates strictly according to the regulations. The physical samples will not be damaged or the sequence of samples will not be confused, and data information will not be missed, thus avoiding the damage to physical objects such as cores or the existence of blank data after the cores are put on the shelves.
2. Digitization Digitization Digitization Digitization
65438-0999, Dagang Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute equipped the core library with a core image acquisition scanner, and planned to acquire all the stored cores. However, due to the lack of warehouse management personnel, the mechanization of core storage in the warehouse is low, and the core is only carried by forklift and artificial shoulder, so the work progress is slow, and only a few kilometers of core scanning have been completed so far. In the future, while continuing this work, it is planned to upgrade the microcomputer image processing software to make the image processing clearer and interconnected with the information network.
3. Scientific research and services
Taking advantage of the long-term preservation of cores and other physical objects, the core bank cooperated with Dagang Oilfield Research Institute to apply for scientific research topics. In recent two years, we have completed the project "Research and Arrangement of Core Standard Profile in Dagang Oilfield". Through this project, all the cores in the standard section are displayed in the standard section exhibition hall, with a section length of about 300m, which is displayed in turn according to the geological age and the actual thickness of the stratum. The research results of this project won the second prize of outstanding achievements of this system.
Scientific research units and physical management units * * * cooperate with each other, give full play to their respective advantages, apply for and complete scientific research projects, which not only improves the popularity of the core library, but also obtains certain financial support.
At present, the clients are mainly the researchers of this oilfield, and a few are foreign geologists. After the realization of digital management, the main consultants and visitors should be geologists at home and abroad.
4. Experiences and technical methods that can be used for reference
First, the core library must establish perfect rules and regulations and management technical methods, formulate management workflow suitable for the core library, and make all aspects of core management clear and operable.
The second is to strengthen the digital construction of core library management, so as to facilitate the extensive exchange of information with the society, expand the scope of social services and improve their visibility.
Third, the core bank is not an isolated storage warehouse. With the advantage of managing physical objects, it cooperates with scientific research institutions, professional colleges and production units to complete scientific research projects, popular science education, production tasks and other projects, so as to achieve the purpose of providing services to the society, obtain financial support and promote the sustainable development of core banks themselves.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Present situation of physical and geological data management in Shengli Oilfield
1. Basic information
The competent unit of the core library of Shengli Oilfield Exploration and Research Institute is Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau. The library is located in the courtyard of the computing center of Shengli Oilfield Exploration Research Institute in Dongying City, Shandong Province.
With a total construction area of 5209m2, the core library was the largest core library in Asia at the beginning of its completion. It consists of four parts: core warehouse, core observation room, core treatment hall and office area.
Core silo: there are 12 laneway, each laneway has two rows of physical shelves, and each row has 40 separate physical shelves; Each roadway has 640 racks, and the whole library has 7680 racks. Each rack can store 12 boxes of 24m cores, and the capacity of the whole library is 18.4× 104m.
Observation Hall: about 600m2, which is the place where geological researchers observe cores and take samples.
Processing Hall: It covers an area of about 240 m2, mainly for core drilling, cutting, slicing, grinding, light cutting, drying, crushing, gamma measurement and core photographing.
Office area: scanning physical data processing and image analysis.
Core 1 1× 104m, cuttings 12000 boxes, including physical property data of well 1820.
Core access system -2 stackers, 1 transfer trolley, 1 3t forklift, used for loading and unloading of core, transportation of roadway cargo space and short-distance transportation.
Core research system-1core color scanner (made by German DMT company), its computer processing system, two core gamma testers and core photography equipment can perform color scanning, image processing, gamma testing and fluorescence photography on cores.
Core processing system-3 single-knife core cutters, 3 core drillers and 6 core polishers, which can be used to drill core samples and make samples.
The core library first started running in 1990. Except for some remote oil production plants, the cores of all key coring wells in Shengli Oilfield and all coring wells south of the Yellow River are kept in this core library. In addition, the drilling cores constructed by Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau in other places are mainly obtained in Xinjiang and other areas, and the drilling cores before 1958 and those collected by the geological and mineral departments are also kept in this core library.
The core library is managed by the Rock Room of Shengli Oilfield, and was established in 1990. It is mainly responsible for the management of the core library of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau and the description of core processing at the drilling site.
The laboratory has sound rules and regulations and technical standards, and there are detailed regulations from the beginning of core storage to the utilization of core and the archiving of analysis data.
According to the storage order of cores in the warehouse, the discharging order and storage order of single-well cores, four comprehensive databases, namely, single-well comprehensive database, single-barrel comprehensive database, single-box comprehensive database and single-location comprehensive database, are established, which realizes the microcomputer management of core data and online access of the databases, and can directly query and reserve core data through the information network, saving a lot of time and energy for geological researchers.
There are three storekeepers, one for electrical maintenance, one for guiding cars, one for forklifts, and two or three for core processing.
2. New methods for receiving and storing core and cuttings.
(1) Core inspection and acceptance
The whole warehouse uses orange plastic boxes, with external specifications of1040mm× 280mm×146mm and wall thickness of 4mm；. The internal specification is1020mm× 260mm× 120mm, and the middle partition is 3mm thick and120mm high. Material requirements of core box with total weight not less than 3.2kg-insensitive to acid, alkali, salt and chemical reagents, especially to hydrochloric acid and salt. In the temperature range of-15℃ ~ 40℃, the physical properties are unchanged; The box falls freely from a height of 5 meters, without load or damage; Bearing capacity is not less than 70 kg.
External number of core box: including well number, box number, interval and block number. Chinese characters adopt rectangular isobar, with a height of 75mm, a width of 43mm and a stroke width of 6mm; ; The font of Arabic numerals, like Chinese characters, is divided into two sizes. Chinese characters are 55 mm high, 18mm wide and 6mm wide, which are used for pound signs and container numbers. Lowercase letters are 40mm high, 18mm wide and 6mm wide, which are used for numbering coring intervals and blocks.
The length of each core box shall not exceed 90cm, and the length of severe core breakage shall not exceed 80cm.
If the core box is found to be deformed or damaged during acceptance, it should be replaced in time.
The wire cores shall be arranged neatly, orderly, without defects, and have directional lines.
There is a single-pipe loading and unloading card, and the contents in the card are filled in carefully and completely.
The length of a single block is the same as the length of the warehouse receipt part.
Mark the core sampling position, especially the diameter sample. Put the wooden board with the same length as the sample in the corresponding position, and paste the sampling label on the wooden board.
(2) Fill in the warehousing list and core warehousing.
Indicate the area name, well number, coring interval, number of boxes, mud logging team, geological and technical person in charge, rock driver, inspector, contact telephone number and storage date.
Only after the acceptance meets the above standards can it be put into storage, and fill in the core acceptance form in duplicate, one of which will be brought back by myself and the other will be kept by the keeper. Put the core into the scanning room and scan it in turn. Put the iron cores on the pallet in sequence, lock the safety clips, and use the stacker to deliver the iron cores to the arranged cargo space. The core data entered into the computer should be backed up in time. The original data is managed by a special person.
Use service
Monday to Friday from 7: 30am to 165438+ 0: 30am and afternoon from13: 30am to17: 30am; You can open it at any time when you need it at other times.
You need to fill out the application form. If you take samples, you need to fill out the appointment form.
Core sampling needs the approval of superior leaders. But it is not allowed to mine with brand name, and it is not allowed to mine standard layer, fossil layer and correlation layer with special significance. According to the principle of minimum demand, take as few cores as possible. After sampling, the core should return to its original position.
In addition, the public can also consult other information in the archives. Such as: drilling and logging data, measured profile data; Petrological/geochemical analysis data; Core analysis data; Fluid analysis data; Drill pipe test data; Mineral data (by well, by coal seam, by region, etc.). ); Others, such as the annual report of development wells, include the number of completion wells of development wells, the basic data table of completion, the data table of formation stratification, the statistical table of oil and gas layers interpreted by electric logging, and the data table of drilling coring.