After the failure of Guangwu Uprising in Chen Sheng, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu continued to lead the peasants against the rule of the Qin Dynasty. In 207 BC, Xiang Yu defeated Qin Jun's main force in Julu (now southwest of Pingxiang, Hebei). At the same time, Liu Bangling came to Xianyang. The rulers of the Qin Dynasty surrendered to Liu Bang, and the Qin Dynasty perished.
After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu claimed to be the overlord of the West Chu and named Liu Bang Hanwang. Since 206 BC, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang have been fighting for the emperor for nearly four years, which is called "Chu-Han War" in history. At the beginning of the war, Xiang Yu was strong, with 400 thousand troops; Liu bang has only 65438+ ten thousand people. But Liu Bang is concerned with people's hearts. When he entered Xianyang, he announced the abolition of Qin's harsh laws, and "made three chapters" for the people-the murderer was put to death, and the person who injured and stole things was convicted; Liu Bang also attached great importance to talents and got help from Xiao He, Sean, Han Xin and others. In addition, Liu bang has a rich Guanzhong as a base area, so the Han army led by Liu bang has changed from weak to strong. On the contrary, Xiang Yu was arrogant, did not listen to opinions, and let the soldiers burn, kill and plunder, which greatly lost the hearts of the people.
In 202 BC, Liu Bang led an army to attack Xiang Yu and surrounded Xiang Yu's Chu army in Gaixia (now Anhui). In the evening, Xiang Yu was very surprised to hear Chu songs coming from all directions in the barracks of the Han army. He thought that the territory of Chu was occupied by the Han army. Xiang Yu sadly bid farewell to Yu Ji (the concubine of Xiang Yu) and led more than 800 cavalry to break through and flee. The Han army is in hot pursuit and the situation is very critical. Xiang Yu was forced to commit suicide in Wujiang (now northeast Anhui County).
In the same year, after Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu, he established the Han Dynasty, with its capital Chang 'an (northwest of Jin 'an), and the country name was "Han", which was called the Western Han Dynasty in history. Liu bang is the emperor gaozu.
Source: China Overseas Chinese Network
Liu Bang and Xiang Yu's Eternal Farewell
After Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu, he was full of ambition and returned to his hometown. Facing the elders in his hometown, he drank wine and sang songs nobly, leaving behind the song of the great wind: "The wind rises in the clouds, the weaver girl returns to her hometown in the sea, and the warriors guard everywhere?" Xiang Yu, who suffered a crushing defeat, was besieged on all sides. In the face of his beloved concubine and farewell my concubine, he roared in the sky and sang tragically, leaving behind the eternal Song of the Son of Heaven: "When I pulled out the mountain, I was angry with the world, but when it was unfavorable, I never died, but I was helpless and afraid." Listening to the swan song of the two heroes and looking back at the historical situation, we can't help feeling a lot today.
Liu Bang's eternal swan song "Song of the Big Wind" makes us admire this hero with great talent and great ambition. If you are thirsty for talents, you will cry bitterly for Liu Bang, who is well-defended and well-protected. I hope that talents in the world will be widely recruited. In those days, Xiao Ting often fought in Pei County, and was beaten out of the water by Xiang Yu, who was eight feet two inches long and could carry the tripod. Embarrassed, he was trapped in Xingyang, fled Hong Men and chased the elevation. For the heroic cause, he asked Xiang Yu for perfection, courted, bowed down and bowed down. A person who can bend and stretch is a shy person. Liu bang recruited capable ministers who were good at using others, and finally defeated Xiang Yu in Wujiang River and committed suicide. He defeated the hero who pulled out the mountain and made great contributions and became a wise politician and a successful monarch in feudal society. When talking about the world with his ministers, he said frankly: "In my husband's plan, I am better than a thousand miles away, and I am not as good as an ovary;" I'm not as good as Xiao He, because I can help the country, comfort the people, give food and eat endlessly. Even with a million troops, we must win the battle. We are not as good as Han Xin. These three are outstanding people, and I can use them, so I take the world. " This passage can be said to be the best interpretation of Song of the Wind. The Eternal Farewell embodies Liu Bangbang's view of governing the country. He is a valiant soldier, a counselor, a talented person, an able person, a talented person, a career and the world. Listening to Liu Bang's Song of the Big Wind will enable us to establish a talent concept of seeking talents and being thirsty. Only by doing talented things can the whole country prosper.
Xiang Yu's eternal swan song "Gaixia Song" makes us sigh for this all-powerful hero. This headstrong and arrogant overlord of the place of Xi Chu, at the end of his tether, still lacked courage and affection, so he didn't wake up. But Liu Bang made a historical summary for him: "Xiang Yu has a Fan Ceng, which can't be used. That's why he was arrested for me. " Originally, Xiang Yu took advantage of the world, with the right time, location and people. In the Battle of Julu, Xiang Yu became a vassal and a general, and his fame was far from shocking. The generals "walk in front of their knees when they enter the Yuanmen, and dare not look up." He covers nine counties, governs Pengcheng, and is surrounded by talented people, good generals and counselors. But he is arrogant, does not listen to other people's opinions, and treats people around him coldly. Under his command, Han Xin was ignorant and didn't get the appointment. In a rage, he ran to find Liu Bang. Seeing that he was a talented person, Liu Bang immediately entrusted him with an important task and made him a general. Han Xin took a look at Liu Bang and his party, and his opponent's successor was kind, so he was promoted to the position. Han Xin offered advice and volunteered. Chen Ping was unknown by his side, and after taking refuge in Liu Bangna, he repeatedly built his towers. Qing Bu left, Peng Yue left, Ying Bu left, and all the advisers and talents left him one after another, leaving only one Fan Zeng available. The Hongmen Banquet was an excellent opportunity to get rid of Liu Bang after listening to Fan Zeng's words, but he was indecisive and let Liu Bang go. Fan Zeng was so angry that he cursed: "Planning is not enough!" Finally, I believed Liu Bang's deviant plan and drove Fan Zeng away, leaving me alone. Su Zhe, a poet, saw clearly that Xiang Yu did not like talent but loved beauty: "Treason became empty, and the feathers were destroyed and he was poor. It's hard to be alone with my concubine. Who makes the western enemy repeatedly? " Xiang Yu's tragedy lies in his arrogance and ignorance. He once failed in learning books, and later went to learn swords, but failed in learning swords. He said: "a sword is an enemy, but learning is not enough, so learn from 10 thousand enemies." Xiang Yu, who dared to do something wrong, won many battles in more than 100 battles in the Chu-Han War, and Liu Bang lost many battles. However, he lost in the end. "Eight thousand disciples have voted for him, and the night account is still full of hatred. Learn from the enemy, and ten thousand people can succeed? Don't think about adding a fan! " Chen Yue, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, said, "You think Xiang Yu can be invincible and win the world if he has improper courage.". In fact, "learning from ten thousand enemies" is useless. Your failure is that you can't choose people, you can't take suggestions, and even Fan Zeng can't hold it! It's not "my death" as you think at all. I didn't wake up until I died.
Xiang Yu's Gaixia Song is tragic, sad and helpless. When listening to Maggie's sad and peaceful song: "Han soldiers are a little overwhelmed, the king is tired, why can't I have children?" I parted from my beloved concubine in tears, which really haunted me. This eternal swan song has made future generations sigh. Du Mu, a poet, disapproved of Xiang Yu's Wujiang suicide: "It is human nature that a military strategist unexpectedly wins or loses, which is a great shame. Jiangdong's children are talented and talented, and their comeback is unknown. " He Shizhen also said: "It is always possible to swallow your voice. A hero can destroy the world. But I know my father is ashamed to see me, and I don't remember Huaiyin! " Director of Wujiang Pavilion advised Wang Xiang: "Although Jiangdong is small, the land is far away, and there are hundreds of thousands of people, it is enough to be king. May the king hurry. " However, Xiang Yu, who wants to be vain and face-saving, is ashamed to meet his elders. "Wujiang was ashamed to learn from Hong Men, and the pavilion owner tried his best to persuade him to cross the river." If this overlord of the place of West Chu crosses the Wujiang River eastward, he will seriously reflect, sum up lessons, carry forward the spirit of winning without arrogance, losing with grace and perseverance, rally and make a comeback, which is unknown. When Li Shanfu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, passed by Xiang Yu Temple, he was deeply dissatisfied with the overlord's suicide. "Being the king of Lu is accidental. Why are you ashamed to see the Han River boat?" There are still too few people in the world to stop. You can ask pedestrians to give paper money! "What about Han Xin who was humiliated from his crotch in this street? What about Liu Bang who escaped from the toilet at the Hongmen banquet? Isn't it all about making contributions and striving for fame and profit? Gou Jian, the king of Yue, was imprisoned by Fu Cha, the king of Wu, and suffered humiliation and tried his best to make the country strong. He adopted the policy of "one reunion every ten years, one reference every ten years", worked hard for twenty years, and finally avenged his country. " If we get together again, we must report it. If you die in 20 years, you will rest. "This is a hero. It's a pity that Xiang Yu's "an empty song to pull the mountain out, shame to make a man cross the river", a swan song sung through the ages, left a historical reflection and let future generations lament.
Xiang Yu's "Gaixia Song" makes us not short of heroic spirit, and we can't afford to lose it. We should be braver and stronger. We should see victory in difficulties and light in darkness. Mao Zedong disapproved of Xiang Yu's suicide. He said: "We should learn from Xiang Yu's heroic integrity, but don't commit suicide. We should go all the way. " Mr. Lu Xun's hardcore spirit is worth carrying forward. I will fight as long as there is breath left. Frustration and failure are not terrible, but atrophy, which is the tragedy of Xiang Yu. No matter heroes or ordinary people, in the process of fighting for their cause, as long as they persevere and walk well all the way, there is hope for success.
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