Song dynasty politics
To annotate ...
(1) Zong Ze: Zi Linru was born in Yiwu, Zhejiang Province in the Northern Song Dynasty. As a famous anti-gold star, he reused Yue Fei's Northern Expedition, but died of grief and indignation. Posthumous title is loyal and Jane.
(2) Zhang Qian: A native of Chenggu, Shaanxi Province in the Han Dynasty, a blogger, looking forward to Hou. He was ordered by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to go to the Western Regions twice, covering Central Asia and West Asia, opening up the "Silk Road" to Europe and becoming a famous explorer and diplomat.
language translation
Zong Ze, the minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, was a great anti-gold star, and Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty was ordered to be sent to the Western Regions.
Character story
According to the biography of Zong Ze in Song Dynasty, Zong Ze grew up poor, generous and ambitious. He has been a scholar in the North for six years, and has served as county magistrate of Guantaowei in Daming House, Longyou in Quzhou, Jiaozhou, Zhao Cheng in Jinzhou and Yexian in Laizhou. Honest and clean, outstanding political achievements, cherish politics without corruption, and have great power and cannot be reused. In the fifth year of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zong Ze was promoted to Dengzhou. In the first year of Xuanhe, the imperial court sent envoys to conclude a maritime covenant with Nuzhen (Jin) to attack Qidan (Liao). Zong Ze told people around him: "Since then, there have been many troubles in the world." Zong Ze, 60, wrote to his hometown of Dongyang and decided to end his life in Lushan. However, he was falsely accused of despising Taoism and sent to Zhenjiang for "editing". Xuanhe six years, transferred to Bazhou.
In the first year of Beijingkang, under the recommendation of Zhong He, the court summoned him to Beijing to remonstrate. Zong Ze went to the capital day and night to oppose peace talks and urged a boycott of gold. In September of the same year, he was sent to the front line of Cizhou as the magistrate. Zong Ze took office with a dozen old and weak soldiers. After taking office, he actively repaired the city wall, dredged the moat, recruited soldiers, integrated the army and the people, bought food and prepared sufficient rations. In the same year 10, he was awarded the title of "General Manager of Hebei Volunteer Capital". After the Jin people captured, they led troops south and sent thousands of cavalry to Cizhou. Zong Ze put on his armor and went to the city to direct operations. He ordered the soldiers to use crossbows and crossbows to repel the attack of the nomads from the army, then opened the city gate to chase the nomads from the army and beheaded hundreds of enemies. The sergeant won a lot of trophies. This is the first time that Song Jun defeated the nomads from the city.
In the winter of the first year of Jingkang, the nomads from east to west went south and surrounded Kaifeng again. Qin zong was appointed commander-in-chief and deputy commander-in-chief of the three armies of the king of Yue. He went to Beijing to be a diligent king. Kang Wang ordered all diligent military forces to gather in Daming Mansion. Upon receiving the order, Zong Ze immediately led 2,000 soldiers across the glacier in the snow, and first arrived at Daming House. As soon as he saw Kang Wang, he said, "The capital has been trapped for a long time, and it is urgent to join the army." But Kang Wang refused to help, and Kaifeng soon fell. Zong Ze repeatedly requested to send troops, and Kang Wang had to divide some troops and send them to Kaide House. On the way from Daming to Kaide, Zong Ze fought thirteen battles with nomadic people, and they all won. In the second year of Jingkang, Zong Ze led a great army to push on Kaifeng and achieved a series of victories. However, Kang Wang was around, and Zong Ze was alone, with insufficient troops, and finally failed, unable to solve the siege of Kaifeng. The Northern Song Dynasty perished. This year, Zhao Gou deserved wealth, that is, the throne, in Nanjing, to rebuild the Southern Song Dynasty emperor.
In June of the first year of Jianyan, under the recommendation of Prime Minister Li Gang, he was appointed as the left-behind and Kaifeng Prefecture Yin in Tokyo. Li Gang opposes peace, but unfortunately he can't win the trust of Emperor Gaozong. He was dismissed after only 75 days as prime minister. During Zong Ze's reign, he recruited volunteers and reused Yue Fei, Li Gui, Wang Zaixing, Jin Ding and other anti-Jin generals to fight against the nomads from the Yellow River. In January of the second year, Jin Jun attacked Kaifeng again on a large scale, and Zong Ze broke it, recovering some lost land, and destroying the camps where Jin Jun hoarded grain in Huazhou to ensure the security of the Southern Song Dynasty. Jin people were afraid and called him "Zongye".
On July 12th, two years ago, Zong Ze was seriously ill. Before he died, he was still concerned about the Northern Expedition. He kept chanting "But if he failed to conquer, he died, and the hero shed tears from now on", telling all ministries to continue to resist gold and not to mention family matters. Finally, even shouted three times "cross the river! Cross the river! Cross the river! " Passed away. Son Zong Ying helped Yun follow Yue Fei back to Zhenjiang and was buried with his wife Chen in Jingxian Mountain in Zhenjiang.
According to Records of the Historian, Biography of Dawan and Biography of Zhang Qian, shortly after Emperor Wu ascended the throne, he learned from the surrendered Xiongnu that there was a Yueshi country in the western regions, whose king was killed by Xiongnu Khan and his head was made into a wine vessel. Yueshi people were forced to move westward to Ili area at the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain, and later they were attacked by Wusun State (now Ili River Basin) and had to go again. The Vietnamese want revenge, but they can't find anyone to help. On this basis, Emperor Wu decided to unite with Yue State to break the "Xiongnu's right-hand man"; So the imperial edict issued, selecting talents to make the Western Regions, and Zhang Qian subscribed for Langguan.
In the second year of Jianyuan (BC 139), Zhang Qian led more than 100 people in Longxi, and under the guidance of the ancestor of Xiongnu, he came to Dayue. When passing through the territory of Xiongnu, although he was careful, he was captured and escorted to Khan. Khan detained them, married Zhang Qian, gave birth to a son, and was detained for more than ten years. However, Zhang Qian has not forgotten his mission. He kept asking Jeff, the messenger of the Han Dynasty, to find a chance to escape.
Eleven years later, the Huns gradually relaxed their care for Zhang Qian and others, and Zhang Qian took the opportunity to escape with his men and moved westward to Dawan. With the help of King Dawan, they arrived in Kangju, and the Kangju people sent them to Da Yue. But the Vietnamese who have been living and working in peace and contentment have no intention of revenge for the Huns. Zhang Qian has lived in the Vietnamese for more than a year and is ready to return to China. In order to avoid the Huns, he went east along the southern mountains and returned to Chang 'an through the Qiang area. I didn't expect to be caught by the Huns halfway and detained for more than a year. After that, he encountered civil strife in Xiongnu. Zhang Qian took advantage of the chaos and fled back to the Han Dynasty with his wife and Tang Yi's father. This trip to the Western Regions lasted for thirteen years. Although it failed to achieve the task of uniting Ren Yue to crusade against Xiongnu, Zhang Qian traveled all over Dawan, Ren Yue, Daxia, Kangju and other countries during this period, gained a lot of knowledge of geography and humanities in the Western Regions, and opened up a route at the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain.
In the fourth year of Yuanshou (BC 1 19), Zhang Qian advised Emperor Wu to unite with Wusun to fight against the Huns. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named Zhang Qian as a corps commander, and led 300 people, 600 horses, tens of thousands of cattle and sheep, and tens of millions of gold, silver and silk to the Western Regions for the second time. At this time, the Xiongnu forces had been driven out of the Hexi Corridor, and Zhang Qian and his party arrived in Wusun smoothly. Zhang Qian gave Wusun Wang Kunmo a generous gift to convey Emperor Wu's intention to fight against the Huns, and asked Wusun to move eastward and return to his native land. However, due to the civil strife in Wusun, King Kunmo was too old to make a decision, and the minister was afraid of the Huns and didn't understand the strength of the Han Dynasty, so Zhang Qian didn't get a clear answer. Zhang Qian sent envoys to conduct diplomatic activities in countries such as Dawan, Kangju, Da Yue, Daxia, Rest, ptomaine, Yu 'e and Yimi, and traveled all over Central Asia and West Asia. In the second year of Ding Yuan (BC 1 15), Wusun sent a guide, translator and dozens of messengers to send Zhang Qian back to Han. This is the first time that someone has come to the Central Plains from the Western Regions. King Wu Sun gave dozens of good horses to Emperor Wu, who was very happy and named Zhang Qian Grand Commander with the title of Jiuqing. Zhang Qian died the following year.
explain
Since July of the first year of Jian Yan's speech, Zong Ze has made 24 consecutive discussions, namely the famous "begging for Luan Shu", urging Song Gaozong to return to Beijing to preside over the Great Northern Expedition. Not only did the emperor not adopt it, but he became more and more suspicious. He sent a bodyguard, Ma Ming Guo Xun, to stay as the deputy in Tokyo and monitor it nearby to prevent him from crossing the river to resist gold. Zong Ze was loyal to his country, but he "disbelieved when he believed, and slandered when he was loyal", and he died of anger, leaving only a legacy. The stone tablet in front of Zong Ze's tomb reads: "The Great Song Dynasty is in danger, a pillar of heaven, and the hero is still in danger." Zong Ze's life can be best described.
Zhang Qian's two missions opened up a new era in the history of ethnic exchanges, which was called "hollowing out", opened up the North-South Second Road to the Western Region, introduced products from the Western Region, and frequent trade between eastern and western businessmen made the famous "Silk Road" in history. After Zhang Qian, the envoys sent to the Western Regions were all called "Bo Wanghou". According to historical records, Zhang Qian was "strong, generous and trustworthy", with a tough personality, an open mind, and kept calm in times of crisis. Liang Qichao praised him as "a man with perseverance and openness, the first person to open world history".
Shu Xian, the famous prostitute of Hu Ji.
Pinyin: hú j and rénzhǒng míng jūsh Xiān
Character story:
Ruan Xian, one of the seven sages of bamboo forest, was bold and generous all his life. Ruan Xian once loved a servant girl of Xianbei nationality in her aunt's house. When he mourned for her mother, her aunt wanted to move to a distant place. At first, she said she would keep the maid. When she was about to leave, she finally took her away. Ruanxian borrowed a guest's donkey, dressed in mourning, and went after it himself. When they came back together on donkeys, he said, "People who carry on the family line can't be lost!" " This handmaid is Ruan Fu's mother.
Cao Wenji, a prostitute in the Tang Dynasty, was the first in Guanzhong, nicknamed "Book Fairy". Who wants to be a couple, throw a poem first and wait for him to choose. The poet comes from mountains and seas, but Wenxi just ignores him. A stranger in Minjiang River threw a poem saying, "Jade Emperor Temple holds a fairy in its palm, and a little dust has fallen for nine days." Don't blame the strong fragrance for being tired of bones, Xiayi once provoked furnace smoke. Wen Xi was overjoyed at this poem and said, "He knows my origin." So they became husband and wife. Five years later, I sent a spring poem to Ren Sheng because of a song. I said to Ren Sheng, "My concubine is a scholar in the upper class and has lived in exile with love. Now she should ascend to heaven and her son should go with her. " Then I saw Zhu Yili holding a jade tablet and saying, "Li Changji's gifted scholar has published a new book, The Story of the White Jade Pagoda, asking you to write a memorial tablet." Ren Fangsheng realized that Wenxi was a fairy in the sky, so he bowed to his fate and walked away. The world named this place "Dengxian Lane".