The incentive theory of subjective ideological education is the core issue of individual behavior research. Starting from class management, applying smart incentive theory to the process of students' ideological and political education has greatly improved the educational effect, thus improving the current hollowing-out phenomenon of ideological education and improving its effectiveness.
Using reinforcement theory to strengthen formative education.
Attach importance to students' psychological needs and start with ideological and political education.
* * * Have the same goal and correct bad living habits.
Based on the comprehensive application of incentive theory, strengthening class management is a good way to improve students' ideological and moral education.
Children in primary school education is an important period for their physical and intellectual growth, and it is also the best period for their moral, emotional, psychological quality and habit education. Paying attention to the ideological education in this period has an important influence on their lives. At present, the ideological education in our school is divorced from reality, rigid, adult and ineffective. As the idea of primary education, we have the responsibility to learn more theoretical knowledge, improve students' thoughts and behaviors, constantly correct students' bad behaviors, and carry out ideological and moral education to make students develop healthily and comprehensively. Work? 3. I pay attention to organically combining the incentive theory in the theory of ideological education management to form my own educational practice, and the effect is remarkable.
The core problem of individual behavior in incentive theory. This theory includes content-based motivation theory, motivation theory process, reinforcement theory and motivation theory. Among them, hierarchy of needs theory, two-factor theory, expectation theory, fairness theory, goal setting theory and reinforcement theory. Work, starting from me, first-class management, encouraging theory, developing students' ideological education in the education process, and skillfully improving the educational effect of students' personal behavior.
Applying reinforcement theory to strengthen development education
Reinforcement theory was put forward by American psychologist Skinner and others. They found that if business behavior meets their needs, it will be repeated and strengthened. Strengthening theory? There are basically four types to change people's behavior: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, fading reinforcement and punishment reinforcement. Today, we are against the implementation of quality education? Strengthen punishment and dilute negative reinforcement. Work? Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement are often used.
(A) multi-purpose positive reinforcement, to stimulate moral feelings.
Positive reinforcement is some attractive results, such as recognition, appreciation, increasing wages and bonuses, promotion or creating a satisfactory environment, and recognition or reward, so this kind of behavior is repetitive. Usually go to work, often encourage students to praise, and attach great importance to information. I not only praise those students who praise professional knowledge and make outstanding progress, but also pay attention to "bright spots", "poor students" and "points" and then expand them into "halo" by confirmation. In addition to verbally praising the public, awarding titles and giving material rewards, I give certain class duties and jobs to parents who write "good news" in the Hall of Fame. Positive evaluation, actively strengthening students' behavior and stimulating students' moral feelings are conducive to the formation of a good class.
(B) the use of appeasement policy to strengthen the correction of unhealthy trends.
Dilution and reinforcement refers to canceling positive reinforcement, ignoring some behaviors of students and showing a certain degree of contempt or negation. Generally speaking, if a behavior is not actively strengthened for a long time, it will gradually fade. In fact, regression strengthens the negative reinforcement.
This has a good effect on correcting students' complacency. There is a girl in my class who is such a child. She is talented and has a good academic record. However, be good and show yourself. The current class is generally very arrogant, and then the student relationship is not good. I take this opportunity to downplay and strengthen her behavior. Only give a correct answer that affirms your lessons, leave the opportunity to answer questions to others, and be recognized and appreciated by more serious people. Don't rob, then raise your hand to answer the question. After a period of "indifference", her. In class, gradually, she stopped saying anything casually. Then, I seized the opportunity to talk to her and let her get rid of her answering problem. And told her to give it to others and learn from others. It is not enough to learn well by being smart, but it also has many benefits. After that, I gave her a task to help poor students. After a semester, I found that she has changed, and the trend that this class is no longer proud of talking casually has been greatly improved. With her help, students with learning difficulties have made great progress. At the beginning of the new semester, through democratic elections, she was promoted to the squadron leader and the study Committee member.
Secondly, pay attention to students' psychological needs and respect ideological education.
The level of American humanistic psychologist Maslow's needs theory. The content includes: physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, respect needs and self-realization needs. I think these needs of the latter and the ideological education we need in this process are worthy of attention. These needs are sometimes hidden in children's hearts, waiting for us to discover them at any time. Starting from respect, be a careful person, be good at discovering children's psychological needs, and adopt corresponding educational methods to meet his needs, further stimulate his moral feelings, and guide him to correct his shortcomings to meet the insufficient problems.
(A) respect the social needs of students and cultivate students.
Sense of belonging and brotherhood, * * * and the influence of social needs. After the physiological and safety needs are guaranteed, there will be higher-level needs, hoping to get some social attention. A sense of belonging accepted by social groups and groups; Others, maintaining harmony with others, everyone's concern, others, trust and friendship.
Every student has this need, which is actually the ideological and moral quality of poor students, and the need is stronger. Their hearts are like playing with students and studying together. Hope is a happy group. However, they usually behave badly and have poor academic performance, which is the eyes of students who are "stupid boys and bad boys". Freedom is part of a group. For some people who watch silently, their society needs some practical jokes to solve the problem. These behaviors are actually telling us that he wants everyone's attention, but he also participates in all activities.
As a social group, children in class groups have a great influence on students. We should strive to strengthen students' collective acceptance, instead of making them feel left out and abandoned, and change their thoughts and behaviors by improving their position and relationship in the collective. A little boy is very aggressive in class. The reason why he often doesn't play at school. We all hate him and are afraid of him. In the process of education, the parents I contacted won the support of the family, but also affected the collective strength. I held a class meeting and asked the class cadres to help him secretly, supervise him and unite him. Class leaders consciously compete with him, and he tends to beat them and dissuade them in time. In this way, the less chance he has of being defeated. Monitor, then lead the students to play with him. Two months later, the students discussed and got rid of the bad habit of jumping off a building, and voted him as the standard bearer of this week's school. This is his first unanimous election, which is a special honor. Class groups to help him effectively correct excessive behavior.
(B) to protect children's self-esteem, students
Everyone (including children) has self-esteem and needs to be infected by true feelings. Teachers never hurt students' self-esteem. In my work, I try to do the following:
1, trust classmates. "There is only one way. The whole person is close to the character and education of students. This is their trust. I hope students, no matter who they are, will get rid of many shortcomings. I believe that as long as we have firm confidence and scientific education, they will become better children.
2. To fully understand students, we need to understand students and respect their opinions. Don't think that young students simply think, and we will be casual. As usual, I often pay attention to their voices, and sometimes they give us a lot of inspiration.
3. Criticize students who make mistakes and talk about art. My first thought when students make mistakes is to keep calm and try not to criticize publicly, because every child likes to hear praise, and criticism will lead to emotional dissatisfaction. The consequences of public criticism will be more severe punishment, especially for children with high self-esteem, which is a serious mental injury.
(C) to meet the needs of students' self-realization, and successfully stimulate the needs of students' self-realization.
The hierarchy of needs theory holds that people should complete the work commensurate with their own abilities and give full play to their potential abilities.
Success is everyone's wish. If students often fail in school, they will become? Despair. Therefore, we must give every student a chance to succeed and change the criteria for evaluating success. It is necessary to combine students' specialties and hobbies, so that students' progress or achievements can satisfy students' self as much as possible, while his other hand is lacking. You can correct some bad behaviors. A kind of girl, slow in thinking, slow in reaction, careless in class and playful. Poor study, everyone called her "silly child", and no one likes to play with her. However, I felt that she had a great responsibility and cleaned it very clean, so I found her and asked her to secretly water the flowers automatically every day. She really persisted. I praised my classmates for caring about the collective and being on duty seriously. She was also elected as the leader of the labor group. Her prestige as a student increased, and then a strange thing happened. She correspondingly increased her enthusiasm for learning and began to raise her hand to answer questions. I think this is a test of a famous person: "Success without transcendence promotes success."
Three combined target settings
The goal setting theory of American psychologist Locke and others corrects bad living habits. He thinks setting goals is a powerful stimulus. The so-called goal refers to the purpose of people's behavior, and its linked objects need to meet the needs of objectively reflecting the goals that people want to achieve in advance. The motive of direct cause behavior. People who set appropriate goals and have strong motives,
First-class management, I use goals to set the correct bad behavior of individual students, and the effect is faster. Three children in the class don't have good hygiene habits, including a tutor girl, which is the main reason. In terms of education, I made a similar request for the first time and set a common goal: to strive for a healthy and mobile Red Flag Month in schools. I found three classmates alone, and their bad habits directly affected the goal. Let them talk about it. They are determined to get rid of bad hygiene habits. Then, I set different goals and specific requirements for them at different stages of the first day, the first week and the second week. Sure enough, the next day, its appearance changed a lot. Then the goals of the first week and the second week were achieved, and I kept reminding them that the final result was very happy: we really got the "red flag", and unconsciously, the three children seemed to be different people. Then I started another goal in tandem, which was achieved by struggle. In this process, students get rid of bad habits and develop in an all-round way.
An American psychologist, Weep. James thinks that he didn't get a reward, but only played 20%-30% of his ability, and his ability was played when he got 80%-90% of the reward. In other words, the same person, thus the incentive mechanism has a key 3-4 times reward, which is equivalent to the role played by incentives, and all students need to be constantly activated. Practice has proved that it is a good way to improve the effectiveness of education by applying incentive theory, strengthening classroom management and educational activities, correcting students' bad behavior and making the process of ideological and political education full of flexibility.
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Yin Zhigang's Western Management Theory (Chapter II)
2. Jiangsu Education 1999 8-9 Application of Phosphate Fertilizer
Tanggu No.2 Central Primary School page 0.33
Li's spiritual enlightenment in class management comes from
The so-called incentive measures are to stimulate people who ask him to stimulate their thoughts and feelings, and then take action. We will encourage the management of concepts, which we usually call how managers mobilize the whole body.
Incentive measures can arouse people's enthusiasm, because incentives can make people work hard, and the power to attract this temptation can make people have motivation to achieve goals and experience various satisfactory goals.
Active students' learning is a learning problem, that is, it is a dynamic problem, how to induce students' strength. To some extent, teachers' motivation and students' enthusiasm depend on how to use motivation theory wisely.
Divided into material incentives and spiritual incentives. The so-called material reward induces material factors, students' learning motivation and stimulates their learning enthusiasm. The so-called spiritual stimulation is to arouse students' learning motivation and stimulate their learning enthusiasm through spiritual rewards. This includes various forms of recognition and rewards, as well as giving certain honors and material rewards. It is necessary in some cases, but it has no inspiring educational function and lasting spirit. Students can be encouraged mentally, strengthen their inner learning experience, deepen their study, and give full play to the role of students' increasing sense of social value in learning persistence. Therefore, teachers should skillfully use motivation theory, especially spiritual motivation factors, in flight management to attract and mobilize students' learning motivation and enthusiasm, so that they can study hard consciously. Here I talk about my class management and how to use mental stimulation to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning. BR/>；
Guide students in the fog and establish a positive collectivism spirit.
Choose April 6th this year, which is a special group. The students are the sum of the other three grades. At first, when you walked into a classroom, the students walked with heavy steps and felt uneasy. I also read that each of them faces different emotions. In front of me, there are several situations: some students have no confidence in the new class, do they? Some students don't want to get along with five classmates and friends. Some students suspect that he dropped out of school for poor students and feel depressed. Faced with these problems, the teacher who just entered the sixth grade undoubtedly added difficulties to me, worrying about the situation of national reunification or the romance of the Three Kingdoms. Goose flying head and strength collar! This is the case, there is only one last fight, so I mustered up my courage and strode to the podium. At this moment, only heart-to-heart communication can spark. I said, let's have four students for six years. Today I can stand on this podium and fight by drawing lots. I prayed all summer. Don't let me catch something like June 4th. Draw lots, afraid to catch the past six years, did I start with an open mind for the first time, and I was caught, classmates, this is fate! What happens is that we have to face the courage, the changes in the new environment and meet some new friends. Why not? In the new century, the work of new classes, new classmates, our teachers and students will create a brand-new look. After the prologue of the new semester and the new performance, the confused eyes disappeared and a knowing smile began to bloom in the classroom.
Of course, it is the students' thoughts and feelings, not the teacher's remarks, that have suddenly stabilized for a period of time, and the students still want to return to the original classroom. In order to stabilize their mood and let the students feel at ease in class, I set every Friday as the style of "class on June 4th". In this course, students can speak freely, sing like a story, sing lyrics, talk about their feelings and learn important news. Once there is a new style, this activity attracts students and greatly stabilizes the morale of the troops. Therefore, I asked them to write a report every week to talk about the boundaries between "new categories" and "cultural and sports classes". This shows the class's love, and after a while, a "style class" was held to stabilize students' mood and enhance their collectivism.
2, according to the psychological characteristics of children, seize this opportunity to carry out various new competitions.
Young people have many psychological characteristics. They are competitive and unwilling to lag behind. This is a positive psychological quality, and teachers should seize this opportunity to hold various competitions to meet their psychological needs for victory, which is also his spiritual motivation to inspire students to learn and make progress and win glory for the collective. To this end, we held several mining competitions. My class is divided into 10 group. After each competition, five winners were selected to get high marks, which enhanced students' confidence. These activities are fun for students' body and mind, and encourage students to give full play to their strengths, thus driving other aspects. For example, after learning "Spring" and "A Midsummer Night" at the seaside, we held a recitation contest. On another occasion, I collectively hacked the English class in the corner school touched by boys in Class A.. I want to take this opportunity to hold a speech contest on "I want to win glory for the collective world" in class. Through this competition, students can not only broaden their knowledge and exercise their eloquence, but also pay attention to the first-class image expression in all aspects. The short ruler, each student's weakness, their own light and heat contribute to an easy-to-understand language for students, saying, "I am studying and solving problems." ",won warm applause from the school. Inspired by this speech contest, each student's self-confidence and finding his own position in the class laid an ideological foundation for building a good class collective.
Give full play to the propaganda role and encourage students to continue to make progress.
It is of great significance to publicize one's own spiritual encouragement, improve morale and arouse students' enthusiasm. Especially for students who are facing graduation, it can not be ignored. For various reasons, the students' grades in the class are not very outstanding. It is important to encourage and inspire their morale through publicity and improve their enthusiasm for learning. I made the following publicity: First of all, I used the charm of this song to announce a meaningful song "True Hero" and "Childhood" and taught them to sing. "Heroes Never Die" makes them understand the truth of success: grasp every minute of life, how can you not experience the rainbow, and no one can succeed casually. "Childhood" makes them understand that learning is planned and targeted. "Don't wait until you go to bed to know some homework, don't wait until the exam, wait until later. Don't read this concept book. Before the category shareholders' meeting, I have to look at the top five categories every month. The winners of other competitions have big red flowers and inferior competitions to encourage everyone to learn. Third, using the advanced deeds of other schools, we constantly encourage students to learn advanced, measure distance, and educate them to treat themselves correctly. We can do what others can do, so as to be confident and upward. Fourth, seize the opportunity to commend the advanced, so that students can feel the front, and there is a country's most advanced role model around them. These people who can see, touch and learn to solve some shortcomings are very special students. I ask them to create conditions for them to be commended to promote the progress of * * * *.
The above experience shows that the spiritual encouragement I use in class management is an artistic leadership, especially spiritual encouragement. To do a good job, it mainly depends on the wisdom of the class teacher, because it has no fixed model and fixed incentive method. However, according to the management class. According to my experience, there are several points worth considering: First, incentives should be timely, whether it is praise, praise or giving some honors as soon as possible, because the stimulating impression generated by this direct and profound way is quick in response, long in time and easy to be forgotten. Similarly, incentives should be appropriate, commensurate, different from attraction, and have no unity. This is because each student's life experience, knowledge experience and personality traits are different. They are different rewards for their needs and responses. Only "personalization" can achieve the ideal effect.
Management of Behaviorism Incentive Theory Course
This paper discusses how to encourage three different theories, behaviorism, strengthen daily management during the day and achieve first-class management by combining different stages. For teachers in ordinary schools-future teachers, it is very important to strengthen the education management of students. How to mobilize the enthusiasm of all students and devote themselves to their studies is actually the most important thing. One of the essence of this kind of work is to take various forms of rewards to stimulate students' enthusiasm, make them participate in the exchange of study and labor, and have confidence in the spirit of participation or competition, so as to exercise their abilities, give play to their talents and achieve the ultimate goal of education. In my class teacher's experience, I developed smoothly due to timely and appropriate behaviorism incentives, so my management was first-class and my development was stable. Behaviorism motivation theory is a school of motivation theory in management psychology, which is divided into three parts: old behaviorism motivation theory, new behaviorism motivation theory and behavior correction motivation therapy. How to combine these theories with effective incentive measures in practical work, and
Use old behaviorist incentives in material incentives.
The founder Watson used behaviorist motives and guessed 1 1 natural or social response, thus speculating the stimulation of stimulating response and the task of behaviorism. According to this theory, management measures and incentive measures are essentially means to stimulate people's behavior through material rewards. This method can be used for serious activities, first-class management, study, participation in activities, competitors and other matters. Biomass can stimulate more scholarships, floating subsidies or incentive school supplies. Although the right to make and publish school scholarships is not so easy to get, the scholarship of the head teacher is the highest material reward, plus the monthly assessment of students' learning situation, active participation, completion of tasks, and floating allowances as intermediate material incentives to stimulate learning. Students with the best subjects, winners in activities, good students, and then the main material rewards to complete the task, reward school supplies, encourage them to continue their efforts, let students learn boring activities, team tasks are boring, and they look listless all day. The appearance of class spirit will unite and affirm. I trust this class. This small material reward often appears in almost every student who has made perfect progress. I will give praise, encouragement and reward in time. Students sigh with emotion: "This kind of family is like a big family. All of us are as harmonious and happy as brothers and sisters under the leadership of paternalism, friends and teachers, because there are always people watching you. " "Two kinds of mental stimulation can not be ignored, and the use of material stimulation to encourage behaviorism motivation theory, people's enthusiasm does not depend entirely on the main stimulus variables, but also take into account the existence of intermediate variables. Therefore, according to this theory, it is obvious that the incentive mechanism should focus on spiritual stimulation. Everything in high school students' class management is the subjective factor needed by the management subject and the leading motivation of collective influence. Their behavior, appropriate spiritual encouragement. Students with poor contrast, such as honorary titles, do not make progress, and encourage or increase behavior to give timely praise. Usually, lazy students can barely participate in extracurricular activities, rewards and material rewards, because such students often miss them, making them feel that they will not be excluded, and the teachers have not lost confidence, thus stimulating their psychological motivation and efforts to maintain their current achievements and continue to work hard. At the same time, excellent students in the upper and middle classes, although they may be destined scholarships, are sometimes forced by collective pressure and will not unilaterally pursue material incentives. On the contrary, they pay more attention to the public opinion of their own team. Therefore, various honorary titles are most suitable for them. For example, the top 65,438+00 college students, three excellent students, Braun, a full-time model student team, athletes determine these honorary titles through team competitions, and they want the influence of internal and external environmental factors to meet their needs, thus continuing their self and full enthusiasm.
The encouragement of material reward or spiritual encouragement should strengthen the means of students' behavior encouragement.
The modified motivation theory of behaviorism shows that when the result of behavior is beneficial to the individual, his behavior will be repeated, thus playing a role in strengthening motivation. If it is the result of personal behavior, this behavior will weaken or disappear. In the affirmation of team management, students' behavior or rewarding such behavior, consolidating and maintaining, can be called positive strengthening incentive mechanism; Some behaviors of students are denied or punished, so they are weakened and subsided. Call it negative reinforcement incentive mechanism, and the means of reinforcement must follow the following principles to actively motivate students:
(2) take small steps. The whole process of so-called small steps to achieve the goal behavior is divided into many small steps, which can make people move forward step by step with confidence. not big