According to the classification of human papillomavirus prevention, there are currently three kinds of intrauterine vaccines approved for marketing: bivalent, tetravalent and nonavalent, and the applicable populations of the three kinds of human papillomavirus vaccines in Chinese mainland are also different:
1, bivalent HPV vaccine: women aged 9-45. That is, you can start the first dose at the age of 9, and you can't vaccinate the first dose after 46.
2. tetravalent HPV vaccine: women aged 20 ~ 45. That is, the first dose can be started after reaching the age of 20, and the first dose can not be inoculated after reaching the age of 46.
3. Nine-valent HPV vaccine: 16 to 26-year-old women. That is, 16 years old can start the first dose of vaccination, and the first dose can not be vaccinated after 27 years old.
What's the difference between the three? I typed a type. Do you need to hit someone?
The "titer" of HPV vaccine is different, which can be understood as how many genotypes of virus this vaccine can resist. For example, bivalent vaccines are targeted at HPV 16 and HPV 18. In theory, the nine-valent vaccine will have a wider protection range because of its many genotypes. Because HPV 16 and human papillomavirus 18 are related to about 70% of cervical cancer, bivalent vaccine can theoretically prevent 70% of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
In addition, tetravalent vaccine can prevent 90% genital warts. If conditions permit, people who have been vaccinated with bivalent or tetravalent vaccine can get better protection through vaccination with nine-valent vaccine, but it is best to vaccinate at intervals of 12 months or more.
If all the conditions of "I" are met, how to choose?
I am only worried about getting cervical cancer: bivalent HPV vaccine is more affordable and cost-effective. Besides cervical cancer, I also want to prevent genital warts+affordable: choose tetravalent HPV vaccine. Pursuing the most comprehensive protection effect+not bad money: choose a nine-valent HPV vaccine. The most important point: HPV vaccine should be played early, and prevention as soon as possible is more important than anything else!
What preparations need to be made before vaccination? Are there any necessary tests?
Some vaccination agencies will provide human papillomavirus testing and TCT testing. But in fact, there is no need to be tested for human papillomavirus and HIV before vaccination, because even people of school age who are positive for human papillomavirus and HIV should be vaccinated with HPV. Even if you have had cervical lesions and genital warts, it is recommended to be vaccinated after treatment. After human papillomavirus infection or cervical lesions caused by it are cured, vaccination with human papillomavirus vaccine can reduce the recurrence rate of the disease.
Does HPV vaccine have side effects?
The adverse reaction of HPV vaccine is usually mild and lasts for a short time. The most common adverse reactions are mainly local pain and redness. The local reaction of nine-valent vaccine is more common than that of four-valent vaccine. It can be said that most people vaccinated with nine-valent vaccine will have local symptoms. As for systemic adverse reactions, the most common is fever, followed by headache, nausea and fatigue.
However, most people's adverse reaction symptoms will not exceed 4 to 5 days, and no special treatment is needed. Some studies have followed up the vaccinated population for 8 years and found no long-term adverse reactions of HPV vaccine. Finally, the most important thing to prevent cervical cancer is to get HPV vaccine early! The best vaccine can be produced as soon as possible, and bivalence is also a good choice.