Composition of bidding documents The bidding documents can be divided into three parts according to their functions:
A tender announcement or invitation to bid, instructions to bidders, bid evaluation method, bid document format, etc. This paper mainly expounds the general situation of bidding projects and the rules of bidding activities.
Second, the bill of quantities, design drawings, technical standards and requirements, contract samples, etc. It comprehensively describes the requirements of the project subject to tender, which is not only the main basis of bidding activities, but also an important content of contract documents, and is binding on both tenderers and bidders.
III. Relevant reference materials for the bidder to understand and analyze the reference materials related to the project subject to tender, such as project address, hydrology, geology, meteorology, transportation and other reference materials. Second, the main problems existing in the bidding documents The main problems existing in the bidding documents are: inconsistent statements before and after the bidding documents and problems that are out of touch with practice occur from time to time, which are mainly reflected in the following points:
(1) The bidding quotation in the instructions of the tender documents is inconsistent with the pricing method in the demonstration text of the construction project contract.
For example, it is stipulated in the tender document of a project that "the precipitation expense shall be considered by the tenderee according to the geological exploration report and the field investigation, and included in the tender offer, and the expense will not be adjusted unless the project area changes greatly during settlement", but it is described in the contract sample as "well point precipitation shall be settled at 100 yuan/set day (including expenses, including taxes and fees, well point installation and demolition expenses, excluding water and electricity expenses). The two settlement methods are obviously contradictory. The former is fixed lump sum contract, while the latter is based on fixed unit price and actual workload. Which clause should be used as the basis for the contradictory contents in the bidding documents? This will cause different stakeholders to stand in different positions and hold their own words when accounting.
(2) The description of engineering features in the bill of quantities is inconsistent with the design drawings.
The bill of quantities plays an extremely important role in the bidding documents, and it is the basis for the bidding quotation and final settlement of the construction unit, and the design drawings are the most important basis for compiling the bill of quantities. The list should be compiled in strict accordance with the design intent, but in the audit work, it is often found that there is a contradiction between the two. For example, in a building project, the design drawings clearly stipulate that masonry mortar is ready-mixed mortar, but the engineering characteristics in the bill of quantities are described as on-site mixing mortar; The relevant pricing clauses in the tender documents also stipulate that the tenderee should carefully check the design drawings, make a quotation in combination with the bill of quantities and the design drawings, and shall not make adjustments except for engineering changes during settlement. This clause excessively increases the risk of bidders, evades the responsibility that the construction unit should bear, and leaves a hidden danger for the final settlement.
(3) The tender documents are divorced from reality.
For example, in a steel structure project, thick, thin and ultra-thin fire retardant coatings are used in different parts of the steel structure in the design drawings, and the range of brands of fire retardant coatings is specified in the bidding documents. However, due to the lack of sufficient market research by the construction unit and the bidding agency, the manufacturers who provide fire-retardant coatings do not distinguish between thick and thin. Therefore, a lot of time and energy were spent in the construction process to conduct market research and re-select products, which not only artificially increased the workload, but also affected the construction period. Three factors restricting the quality of bidding documents (1) objective reasons:
First, time is pressing. In some projects, the construction unit must complete all the preliminary procedures of the project in a short time, including determining the construction unit through bidding. Therefore, a set of bidding documents with hundreds of pages must be compiled in just a few days. In such a hasty time, mistakes will inevitably occur. Second, the level of bidding agencies is uneven. The selection of bidding agency for government projects will be by lottery. Although this model objectively embodies fairness and justice, it can't guarantee that every project will choose a bidding agency with high professional quality, which will easily lead to the omission and wrong compilation of bidding documents.
(2) Subjective reasons:
First, in order to save costs, the construction unit has set up clauses to increase the risks of the construction party in the bidding documents, and at the same time, it is inevitable to pay attention to one thing and lose sight of another. Second, the working mechanism between the construction unit and the bidding agency is not smooth, which leads to the disjointed work content of each part when compiling the bidding documents, and the compilation unit neglects the overall control, resulting in inconsistency. Third, the relevant personnel have a weak sense of responsibility and their professional level is not competent for this job. At the same time, it does not rule out that they did it on purpose out of selfishness. Measures to improve the quality of bidding documents (1) Strengthen the management of bidding agencies. When selecting a bidding agency, the construction unit should put forward clear requirements on its technology, strength, personnel quality and past performance, and set up a defense link when necessary to ensure that high-quality units participate in the bidding work. In the process of implementation, the assessment of bidding agencies should be strengthened, and agencies that have repeatedly made mistakes or have made serious mistakes should be blacklisted.
(2) Establish a smooth and reasonable working mechanism. Whether it is the construction unit or the bidding agency, it is necessary to ensure that different departments can check and supervise each other through a smooth and reasonable working mechanism, and ensure that every part of the bidding documents can be fully supervised and audited, leaving no dead ends.
(3) The audit of bill of quantities and pre-tender estimate cannot become a mere formality. Bill of quantities and pre-tender estimate are both important parts of the tender documents, and are the basis for the contractor to finally confirm the settlement price of the project. The construction unit shall arrange the internal audit department or entrust a cost consulting unit different from the bidding agency to audit the bill of quantities and the pre-tender estimate, and make a substantial check on its rigor, accuracy and completeness, and cannot become a mere formality.
(4) Make full use of the question-and-answer session. A question-and-answer session should be set up in the bidding process for bidders to ask questions about the bidding documents. Have enough time to answer questions, don't go through the motions. We should take every question put forward by the bidder seriously, answer it reasonably and correct the problems found by the bidder in time.
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