I. Basic situation of shanty towns in Fuxin City
Fuxin City is located in the northwest of Liaoning Province, with a total population of 654.38+0.93 million and a total area of 654.38+0.0355 square kilometers. Jurisdiction over two counties and five districts. Fuxin is taken from the meaning of "everything is rich, the people are rich, and it is brand-new". During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, four of the national 156 key projects settled in Fuxin, which is a resource-based city with a coal mining history of 100 years. It is a famous coal-burning city in China. In the 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, * * * has contributed 600 million tons of coal to the country, and 60 tons of railway wagons can be loaded around the equator of the earth. * * * Power transmission is 654.38+07 billion kWh, and each citizen can share 654.38+030 degrees on average.
In the planned economy period, influenced by the concept of "production first, then life", workers' housing was very difficult, and a large number of simple bungalows were built around the mine. In order to solve the children's housing problem, the workers in the mining area built countless small houses and buildings around the bungalows. After entering the 1980s, with the gradual depletion of coal resources and the gradual transition of economic system, these temporary houses and buildings have been in disrepair for a long time, and today's shanty towns have been formed over time. The Li Bai coal mine, which Fuxin people are proud of, has now left the devastated Li Bai shanty town.
The shanty towns in our city have the characteristics of long construction period, wide distribution, large housing area, heavy transformation task and great difficulty, and many contradictions and problems are also the most prominent in the province.
First, shanty towns have a long construction life. The shanty towns were first built during the Japanese puppet regime, and most of the houses were built in the 1950s and 1960s, with a building life of more than 50 years. During the planned economy period, production was emphasized, life was neglected, and the building was simple and simple. Not only the area is small, but also the facilities are incomplete and in disrepair. As a result, the foundation sank, the wall cracked, the roof was damaged, water poured in summer and wind was drawn in winter, and many of them have become dangerous buildings. There is a lack of public infrastructure in shanty towns, and the problems of residents' difficulty in traveling, drinking water, going to the toilet and using electricity are very prominent, and there are also many fire hazards.
Second, shanty towns are widely distributed. Fuxin is known as Li Bai Mining Area and Li Bai in Li Bai Mining Area, and now Li Bai is all over Li Bai shanty towns. The shanty towns are densely covered with bungalows in Xinqiu, Chengnan, Gaode, Taiping, Wulong, Ping 'an and Qinghemen. The southern part of Guo Tie is basically a shanty town, known as Fuxin's "third world". The common people vividly compare it to "crossing the railway to the south and returning to before liberation" and "iron south and iron north are two worlds".
Third, shanty towns have a large area and the task of transformation is heavy. The construction area of shanty towns in the city is 3.85 million square meters, of which 22 1 10,000 square meters is included in the shantytown renovation plan of more than 50,000 square meters in the province, accounting for 27% of the total planned amount in the province. The actual area of shanty towns and the area included in the provincial shantytown renovation plan rank first in the province.
Fourth, the population of vulnerable groups in shanty towns is large. 85% of shanty towns are residential areas for miners, and most of them are retired laid-off workers. There are 8 1.820 shanty towns and 226,600 people included in the transformation plan of shanty towns with an area of over 50,000 square meters in the province, including 30,842 low-income households, accounting for 38%; Low-income and marginal families reach 75%.
Fifth, the commercial development value of shanty towns is small. Most shanty towns in our city are built near mines, railways and high-speed corridors, and distributed around the mining area in the south of the city. The transportation is inconvenient, there is almost no infrastructure, the land value is below zero, and there is basically no commercial development value.
Sixth, it is difficult to raise funds for shantytown renovation. Fuxin is the only city in the province that relies on subsidies from cities and counties. In 2006, the city's fiscal revenue was 896 million yuan, accounting for only 8 1.65 and 438+0.69 billion yuan 1.0% of the province's fiscal revenue, but it undertook 27% of the province's shed reform task, so it was very difficult to raise funds.
Second, the achievements of shantytown renovation
The implementation of shantytown renovation project has not only improved the living quality and living environment of shantytown residents, but also brought about deeper social changes, promoted "three harmonies" and promoted the rapid economic and social development.
First of all, it promotes the harmonious development of the city.
In the past two years, our city has demolished 22 1 10,000 square meters of shanty towns and built 7 1 building of 2.72 million square meters of new houses, nearly doubling the size of the city, obviously improving the urban infrastructure and further rationalizing the urban spatial layout. First, a large number of super-large sheds were changed into new areas. Xinqiu shanty town is the largest shanty town in the province, with an area of 785,700 square meters 17722 households and 47,849 people only included in the provincial reconstruction plan. Through the transformation of shanty towns, 208 new sheds were built, covering an area of 900,000 square meters, which made the whole Xinqiu District undergo earth-shaking changes, and a modern new urban area replaced the old dilapidated urban area. There are three large-scale shed reform new areas with a construction scale of 300,000-400,000 square meters: Chengnan, Pingxi and Haixin. New sheds with a construction scale of 200,000-300,000 square meters 1 unit, and 9 new sheds with a construction scale of 500,000-200,000 square meters. At present, these new sheds have become a beautiful landscape in Fuxin. The second is to change the imbalance of urban development. "Xihe River has two days in the north and south" has become history. From Xinqiu District to Qinghemen District, the Li Bai shanty town of Baili Mine has really become Li Bai of Baili Mine, and the gap between urban and rural areas has obviously narrowed. Third, the urban ecological environment has improved significantly. With the transformation of shanty towns, urban pollution has been further reduced and air quality has been improved. It can reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by 2,776 tons, smoke emissions by 54 18 tons, garbage emissions by 200 tons and green space by 540,000 square meters every year. In the past, the ground was covered with dirt on sunny days, and mud on both feet on rainy days no longer existed. Practice has proved that the shed reform project is a "revitalization project", which greatly improves the environment of backward and remote mining areas and promotes the harmonious development of the city.
Second, it has promoted social harmony and progress.
Most residents living in shanty towns are vulnerable groups living at the bottom of society, and their living conditions are very difficult. Through the transformation of shanty towns, the living conditions of the residents have been completely changed. More than 80,000 households with 220,000 people in the city bid farewell to the low and dilapidated shanty towns and moved into spacious and bright new buildings. Residents who account for a quarter of the urban population benefit from the transformation of shanty towns. The average living area of each household has increased from 30 square meters to 52 square meters; The per capita housing area has increased from 9. 1 m2 to 16.7 m2, which is close to the per capita building area of the whole city 17.34 m2. The personal assets of shanty town residents have also increased, from the original dilapidated bungalows of several thousand yuan to buildings of 50 thousand yuan to 60 thousand yuan. The community construction, medical and health care, new schools and other supporting facilities in the shed-to-new area have been followed up simultaneously, and the residents in shanty towns have started a beautiful new life. Practice has proved that the shed reform project is a "project for benefiting the people", which has enabled the residents in shanty towns to enjoy the fruits of transformation and development, have a brand-new mental outlook, eliminate the unbalanced psychology for many years, and at the same time enhance their determination to be self-reliant and start their own businesses, have full confidence in the transformation and revitalization of our city, and promote the harmonious progress of society.
Third, it has promoted the harmony between the party and the masses.
In the process of shantytown renovation, Party committees and governments at all levels have always put the interests of the masses first, insisted on building the party for the public and governing for the people, truly made power work for the people and focused on the people, and worked hard to do practical things and good things for the people in need, so that the residents in shanty towns can feel the warmth of the party and government and the care of the society, and sincerely thank the party and government for doing a great thing for them. In the practice of shed reform, the majority of party member cadres went deep into the homes of shanty town residents, and were greatly shocked when they saw the actual living conditions of shanty town residents. They changed their work style and enhanced their initiative and consciousness in governing for the people. All departments and units in the city cooperated closely, managed together, and adopted work methods such as on-site service and on-site office, which significantly improved work efficiency and service quality and promoted the formation of a good social atmosphere. The vast number of cadres in party member spontaneously carried out poverty alleviation activities, devoted their love, contributed money and made efforts to help poor residents in shanty towns solve practical difficulties. The city also organized a "big visit and big service" activity for shanty town residents, which formed a vigorous upsurge of cadres' care and service for the masses in party member, and further strengthened the relationship between cadres and the masses. Practice has proved that the shed reform project is a "fish and water project", which makes the relationship between the party and the masses closer and makes the masses love and thank the party and the government more.
Fourth, it has promoted economic development and employment.
The shantytown renovation project is the largest urban construction project in the history of our city, involving a wide range. The construction of this project has promoted the rapid development of the secondary and tertiary industries in our city, such as construction, building materials, metallurgy, chemical industry, home improvement, transportation and community service, and cottage industry. The land vacated after the transformation of shanty towns has also created conditions for new industrial projects in our city. After the transformation of shanty towns, the city has vacated 3.47 million square meters of land, and the infrastructure such as main roads, water supply, sewage, power supply, water supply and heating in this area has been basically completed, which has the conditions for attracting investment. Among them, Ping 'an West, Xinqiuzhong and Qinghemen can be used as industrial land. Haizhou District has used the vacated land to build an industrial park of 6,543,800+0,320 square meters. At present, the park has completed "seven connections and one leveling", and some projects have been stationed in the park, which will soon produce greater economic benefits and effectively promote the rapid development of the "Industrial Year" in our city. At the same time, after the transformation of shanty towns, we will vigorously adjust the industrial structure, vigorously develop jobs, focus on developing labor-intensive industries, community services and cottage industries, and strive to solve the employment problem of shanty town residents. At present, 22,000 shanty town residents have achieved employment and reemployment, which has effectively guaranteed the residents' affordability and stability.
Fifth, the "shed reform spirit" of Fuxin has been cultivated.
The shantytown renovation project is the project with the highest investment, the largest number of residents and the most difficult work in the history of urban construction in our city. However, the whole city worked closely together to overcome various difficulties, and completed 5-6 times the annual workload of housing renovation in two years, achieving the success of shed renovation in three years and two years. While creating the "speed of shed reform", it has also cultivated the "spirit of shed reform" with the spirit of emotional responsibility, unity and cooperation, scientific and pragmatic innovation, hard struggle and progress despite difficulties, which has brought great spiritual wealth to the transformation and revitalization of our city, strengthened the people's confidence in the future, inspired the people of the city to work hard and create new achievements, and promoted the transformation and revitalization of Fuxin.
Third, the main practices and measures of shantytown renovation
First, attach great importance to and strengthen organizational leadership.
The shantytown renovation project is a major project directly related to the vital interests of shantytown residents. The municipal party committee and municipal government seized the rare historical opportunity and listed the project as the No.1 popular project in the city, and mainly adopted the following measures: First, strengthen organizational leadership. A leading group for shantytown renovation, headed by the secretary of the municipal party committee and the mayor, was established, and an office of the leading group for shantytown renovation was established, which is responsible for organizing, dispatching, supervising, inspecting, guiding and coordinating the shantytown renovation in the city. We have improved the three-level leadership system at the city, district and street levels, and formed a leadership system in which the "top leaders" of the party and government take overall responsibility, the leaders in charge personally take charge, the relevant departments are responsible for the division of labor, and the first level pays attention to the actual situation at different levels. The second is to strengthen the working mechanism. The working system of special meetings, regular scheduling, on-site office work for major issues, daily work liaison, etc. was formulated to keep abreast of the progress of the project and solve various problems in the shed reform process. The third is to determine the operation mode. Adhere to the guiding principle of combining government-led and market-oriented operation, and implement all aspects of work responsibilities in accordance with the overall requirements of unified planning, unified demolition, unified supporting and phased implementation. The fourth is to formulate policies and measures. In order to ensure the scientificity, enthusiasm and standardization of the shed reform project. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have successively issued a series of policies and regulations, such as Guiding Opinions on Bidding for shantytown renovation projects in Fuxin City, and Regulations on the Management of Supporting Infrastructure Construction for shantytown renovation in Fuxin City, which have created a shed renovation method with Fuxin characteristics.
Second, adhere to scientific planning and improve urban layout.
The municipal party committee and the municipal government firmly seized the opportunity of shed reform and made overall consideration of the planning and layout of shed reform construction. The first is to combine the transformation of shanty towns with the promotion of urban development and economic transformation. According to the overall urban planning, highlight the shed reform in the south of the city, optimize the urban layout, and promote the coordinated development of the north and south of the city. Second, it is combined with promoting employment and reemployment. Make full use of the vacated land, build industrial parks and commercial markets, and create more employment opportunities for shantytown residents. The third is to combine with the promotion of urban functions. Adhere to the new shanty towns in coal cities, radiate to the south and east, speed up the construction of supporting infrastructure, expand urban space, enhance urban service functions and improve urban competitiveness. The fourth is to combine with the improvement of urban infrastructure. Completely solve the problems such as difficulty in traveling, drinking water, going to the toilet, using electricity and using heat. Fifth, it is combined with the construction of affordable housing and low-rent housing. We will comprehensively solve the housing problem of people in difficulty, adjust the contradiction between housing supply and demand, curb the rise in housing prices, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the real estate industry.
Third, raise funds from various sources to do a good job in engineering construction.
The shantytown renovation project has a huge investment, with a total investment of nearly 3 billion yuan from 2005 to 2006, accounting for 20% of the city's fixed assets investment. In the construction of this project, the funding problem is the key issue. In order to solve the problem effectively, we mobilized all forces of the whole society to build together. The first is to implement multi-party financing. Break the old thinking concept of "how much money you have to do" and adopt the "six blocks" method to solve the funds. That is, we will strive for a subsidy from the state and the province, a bank loan, a local government policy, social support, individual residents, and a land business operation income. The second is to do everything possible to reduce the construction cost. The government unified public bidding to purchase bulk building materials for shantytown renovation, which not only ensured the quality of the relocated building, but also reduced the construction cost. In the past two years, * * * has saved 29.34 million yuan in procurement funds. The third is to reduce related expenses. The administrative fees 17, such as land transfer fees and urban infrastructure supporting fees, will be reduced to the maximum extent, with a reduction of 720 million yuan, which will eventually benefit the residents in shanty towns. Fourth, fully mobilize all forces to serve the transformation of shanty towns. The Municipal People's Congress and CPPCC have repeatedly inspected and guided the shed reform project; Real estate, development and reform commission, construction commission, land, finance, public security, auditing, price, fire protection, civil air defense, statistics, relocation office, planning and other departments. Break the routine, implement "one-stop" on-site office, and complete the examination and approval items as soon as possible; Traffic and traffic police departments open up a "green channel" for changing sheds into transport vehicles; Culture, health, sports, civil affairs, labor, spiritual civilization office and other units actively contribute to the shed reform project; The district governments go all out to promote the demolition work and the construction of the relocated building; Shed reform offices at all levels give full play to their functions and do a solid job in guidance, coordination, scheduling, inspection, demolition and construction; Fukuang Group, power supply company and other provincial units and construction enterprises fully supported and participated in the project construction, ensuring the rapid progress of the shed reform project. Fifth, pay close attention to project quality. While ensuring the construction speed of the project, strengthen the supervision of the project quality, fully implement the responsibility system for the quality of the construction project, and extensively carry out the sub-projects and excellent model projects of the construction project. The public bidding system will be fully implemented for the main project and various supporting projects, and the construction team with high qualification and strong ability will be selected. During the construction process, the relevant departments strengthened regular inspections, hired 32 relocated households familiar with the construction business as voluntary quality supervisors, fully participated in the project quality supervision, and strived to build the demolished building into a "safe project" with excellent quality, low price and satisfaction of the people.
Fourth, adhere to the people-oriented and harmonious relocation.
Demolition is the basic work of shed reform and the most difficult. We adhere to the people-oriented principle and take various measures to complete the demolition task in a short time and make room for the construction of the demolition building. The first is to strengthen policy propaganda. Through radio, television, billboards, publicity vehicles and other forms, explain the significance and benefits of shed reform, explain the relevant demolition policies and procedures of shed reform, and make it a household name. The implementation of the "eight publicity", that is, the public demolition compensation and resettlement policy, resettlement plan, relocation sequence number, compensation standard, demolition resettlement housing area, evaluation standard, housing allocation time, procedures and other major issues, has been widely recognized and praised by the majority of shantytown residents. The second is to implement household responsibility and promote large-scale demolition and construction. Take measures such as city leaders, district leaders and party member cadres to do a good job in the mobilization of demolition. More than 3,000 cadres from 92 municipal departments and provincial units in the city joined hands with shanty town residents to help the needy people in shanty towns solve many problems such as renting a house, studying, seeing a doctor and living, and accumulated 4.27 million yuan in aid funds. The third is to carry out demolition step by step to ease the pressure of demolition. The trouble of renting a house for the second time was avoided, and the government subsidy for moving was reduced by 43.796 million yuan. The fourth is to change the petition to the next visit and do a good job in demolition and stability. In order to resolve the contradiction, the main leaders of the city took the initiative to come to the door and solve the demolition problem face to face, which won the understanding and support of the residents. Due to the above measures, the demolition project is ensured to move forward quickly and orderly. Although more than 80,000 households moved at the same time, there was no group petition in Beijing in the province, which achieved harmonious demolition. At the same time, carefully organize the relocation to ensure that residents move in. Organize the relocation resettlement housing allocation meeting in advance, and announce the resettlement policy, resettlement housing allocation principles, housing selection procedures and relocation procedures. In strict accordance with the moving order and delivery order, determine the housing allocation sequence number, organize residents to choose their own houses according to the sequence number, and publicize the housing allocation list. Invite NPC deputies, CPPCC members, notaries and residents' representatives to supervise the whole process of demolition and resettlement and housing allocation on the spot to ensure that the demolition and resettlement and housing allocation are open, fair and equitable. A series of preferential policies have been formulated for poor households, low-income households and marginal households, such as exemption from structural price difference, installment payment, cheap rental, difficult assistance and provident fund loans, to ensure that the relocated residents can go upstairs smoothly.
Fifth, improve the service function and build a new community.
In the process of shed reform, the municipal party committee and municipal government not only pay attention to solving the current difficulties of residents, but also consider the long-term life of residents and the long-term development of the city, and clearly put forward the goal of building a new shed reform area with complete facilities, supporting services, beautiful environment, orderly management and civilized sanitation, and strive to make the shed reform area a new community with first-class environment, first-class service, first-class management and first-class public security. Around the "complete facilities", the main building and supporting facilities are planned, designed and constructed synchronously, so that the public facilities such as water supply and drainage, power supply, communication, fire protection, heating and sanitation in the new district are all complete, and the central cultural and leisure square, parking lot, kindergarten, shop, community clinic, fitness facilities, basketball court, leisure and entertainment places and library are built; Around the "supporting services", the new district has set up a property management office, an employment service station, a low-income rescue station and a community health service station to build an entrepreneurial market and strive to provide more jobs for residents; Around the "beautiful environment", ensure that the greening rate of the new district reaches more than 40%, ensure smooth roads, smooth roads and no bare ground, and build sanitation facilities according to regulations; Focusing on "orderly management", the work network, management system, police work, environmental sanitation, etc. of the new district are defined; Around "civilization and health", organize residents in the new area to carry out regular civilization education and recreational activities. The practice of building a new community in our city has been fully affirmed by the provincial party Committee and government, and has been unanimously welcomed by the residents of shanty towns.
Sixth, take various channels to solve the employment of residents.
The municipal party committee and the municipal government regard the employment of shanty town residents as the top priority, and all relevant departments do everything possible to create conditions and strive to solve the re-employment problem of laid-off workers. First, use the land vacated by shantytown renovation to build industrial parks, attract investment, build and develop the intensive tertiary industry, and solve the employment of laid-off workers. Second, the district governments, in combination with the reality of shanty town residents, carry out employment training and provide employment information, and strive to make every laid-off worker learn a knowledge, master a skill and find a job. The third is to build a farmer's market and provide business stalls free of charge. Three farmers' markets 13 stalls 1300 and 325 boutique houses will be built around the shantytown renovation area, which will create employment conditions for laid-off workers free of charge. It is estimated that 2000 jobs will be provided, and these jobs will focus on solving the employment of "zero employment" family members and "4050" people who have moved back to shanty towns. The fourth is to organize labor export. Through the training of laid-off workers, they can master a skill, such as manual skills, domestic service, shift cutting and community cleaning, green protection, security and other basic skills, so as to find jobs locally and start businesses in other places. Fifth, the Municipal Shed Reform Office has formulated the "Measures for the Property Management of Residential Quarters in the Renovation of Shantytowns in Fuxin City", and implemented residents' self-government management under the guidance of communities and neighborhood committees. Combine property management with residents' employment, participate in the "three guarantees" work such as community health and maintenance, and through various channels and measures, enable 22,000 residents who have moved back to shanty towns to achieve employment and re-employment, and ensure that shanty towns residents can live, afford, live stably and live well.
Fourth, some experiences of shantytown renovation
First, only by taking the development of the fundamental interests of the people as the starting point and the foothold can we do a good job and do a good job.
Whether the shed reform, a major livelihood project directly related to the fundamental interests of hundreds of thousands of residents, can be implemented well is a test of the thinking and ruling ability of the party committees and governments at the city and district levels for the people. To this end, in practical work, we regard the shantytown renovation as a "Tianzihao" project and put it in the most important position, and regard the shantytown renovation project as the first classroom to maintain the advanced education of party member; Take the voice and reflection of most shanty town residents as the first signal to formulate policies and decisions; Take the overall completion of the shantytown renovation project as the first task; To build the best quality demolition and resettlement houses and satisfy the residents in shanty towns as the first standard; With the first goal of building a new community with perfect functions, complete facilities, perfect services and beautiful environment, we will overcome difficulties and strive to create a project that the people are satisfied with in the spirit of being highly responsible to the party and the people. Therefore, only by taking the development of the fundamental interests of the people as the starting point and the end result can people's livelihood projects win public opinion and really do good things.
Second, only by doing it with feelings can the people's livelihood project become a popular project.
In the transformation of shanty towns, our cadres in party member went deep into the homes of shanty towns like "visiting relatives", treating them as relatives, listening to their opinions carefully, understanding their sufferings and wishes, enhancing their feelings for the masses and enhancing their concepts. Truly meet the urgent needs of the masses, go all out, work day and night, make the "livelihood project" a "popular project", win the trust and support of the masses, close the relationship between the party and the masses, improve the prestige of the party and the government, and establish the image of party member cadres. At the same time, residents in shanty towns feel the ruling ability and concept of the party and government, enhance their confidence in Fuxin's transformation and revitalization and their determination to work hard, and accumulate great spiritual wealth for running more popular projects.
Third, only by mobilizing all social forces and participating in the construction of people's livelihood projects can people's livelihood projects be built into popular projects well and quickly.
In the transformation of shanty towns, the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference gave full play to their respective functions, actively carried out legal supervision and democratic supervision around the hot and difficult issues encountered in the shed reform, and cheered and escorted the shed reform project; Trade unions, * * Communist Youth League, women's federations and other mass organizations, give full play to the role of bridges and ties between the masses, take the initiative to go deep into the shed reform line, mobilize the masses, boost morale, help the poor and unite people's hearts; In the spirit of "treating the Party and the government with all sincerity, honor and disgrace * * *", the democratic parties actively participated in the shed reform work, actively offered suggestions for the shed reform, and gathered talents. The troops stationed in Fuzhou and the provincial units all contributed money and materials, and all aspects strongly supported the shed reform and strongly supported it; All relevant departments and units should take their own responsibilities, support each other, cooperate closely and coordinate their actions, and provide convenience for shed reform and give a green light to shed reform. All construction units, construction enterprises and shed reform departments at all levels should strengthen communication and coordination to solve engineering problems quickly. In the renovation and demolition of shanty towns, 92 municipal and provincial units were organized to go deep into the homes of shanty town residents, provide demolition assistance, solve the practical difficulties of shanty town residents and speed up the demolition progress; After the residents of shanty towns moved back, they organized 135 large-scale visits to the city, provincial units and 33 key private enterprises in the city to provide great services to the residents of shanty towns who moved back, solve all kinds of difficulties after moving back, and make them live stably and well.
The shed reform work in our city has only achieved phased results. In 2007, according to the deployment of the provincial party committee and government, we started the renovation project of concentrated contiguous shanty towns, covering an area of over 65,438+100000 square meters. During the year, the demolition task 1.08 million square meters was completed, accounting for 36 1% of the total tasks in the province. It is planned to build 1, 6 1, 000 square meters of relocation buildings to solve the housing problem of 29 13 households and 808 12 people in shanty towns. This livelihood project will benefit more difficult groups.