"Hashimoto Jump" became famous in World War I, and the home court advantage will show its magic again!
In the vault event of men's individual all-around gymnastics in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, Daihui Hashimoto of Japan scored a high score of 14.700 even though he was out of bounds, and finally won the gold medal. "Hashimoto Jump" is just a microcosm of the "host advantage" of this Tokyo Olympic Games. As the host country, according to the Olympic rules, Japan also applied for adding five sports, namely skateboarding, surfing, softball, rock climbing and karate. In these five "advantage projects", Japan won 5 gold, 4 silver and 4 bronze.
Not only are there new events, but Japan has also increased the number of medals in the events it is good at. For example, in judo, they set up 15 medals and finally got 9 gold, 2 silver 1 bronze.
Did not live up to the advantages of being the host, whether it was 27 gold medals, 58 medals or the third place in the medal list, it was the best result of the Japanese team in history!
Home court advantage: my turf is mine!
In fact, as the host, it is not surprising that Japan has such an advantage. Sorting out the number of medals in previous Olympic Games, we can find that the host country has achieved better medal results than other Olympic Games, and even created the best results. Los Angeles 1984, Beijing 2008, London 20 12, Rio 20 16 and so on. The host countries have won the most gold medals since they participated in the Olympic Games.
In addition to the Olympic Games, the host advantage plays an important role in all kinds of leagues and cups. A large number of data prove the objective existence of home court advantage.
Taking NBA, Premier League and Super League with the largest fan base as examples, this paper sorts out the home and away records of 18- 19NBA regular season, 19 Super League and 19-20 Premier League, in which the winning rate at home reaches 59.3%, which is higher than that at home18. Compared with NBA events, as a draw football league, the home advantage is more obvious. Whether it is a high-level Premier League or a domestic Super League, the unbeaten rate at home is not affected by the competitive level, and it has reached about 70%.
Is there a relationship between home court advantage and strength?
The data shows that regardless of the strength of the team, the winning percentage at home is mostly much higher than that at home.
Take the results of teams in the 20 19 Super League as an example. Regardless of the level, the distribution of winning ability at home and away is similar. For example, whether it is the second-ranked Beijing Guoan or the last-ranked Beijinger He, their home winning percentage is 20 percentage points higher than the away game, while the second-lowest Shenzhen team's home winning percentage is 27 percentage points higher than the away game. It can be seen that even for low-level teams such as Shenzhen team and Beijinger He, home game is still the key to their victory, which is exactly the sentence "My site listens to me!" . Of course, combined with the draw, the unbeaten rate at home is the key to reflect a team's ability. As can be seen from the table, the unbeaten rate of the top five teams at home has reached more than 86%.
Where does the home advantage come from?
Advantages 1: high popularity.
There is no doubt that there are many local audiences in China. This is also the biggest reason why many teams like to play NBA or football league at their own home. Especially in the knockout and final stages, the audience is the key to stimulate athletes' enthusiasm and desire to win! The "supporting actors" who can't fit at a glance express their dissatisfaction with the warmest cheers and bursts of boos, which directly affects the competition state of athletes. Arlington, a local swimmer who participated in the London Olympics, once said: "We have never experienced this feeling. We have never competed in front of 2,000 or 3,000 home spectators. That feeling is really great! "
Another intuitive example is the NBA games in the past four years.
Because of the epidemic, the NBA's 19-20 season and 20-2 1 season controlled the number of spectators, and even did not allow the audience to go to the scene. Without the support of fans, the difference of winning percentage between home and away games is obviously smaller than that in 17- 18 and 18- 19 seasons with home fans.
Advantage 2: Get used to eating.
As the saying goes, food is the most important thing for the people, and athletes can only have a good state if they eat well. Just like the Olympic Games, because the host country is different, the food provided will be different and the water quality will be different. As the home team, there is no need to consider whether the stomach will become a burden.
Advantage 3: Sleep well.
For athletes, no matter what kind of competition, they need to have enough rest to prepare for the war. A good sleep makes the brain awake and the body cells more active. In order to overcome the jet lag, most athletes and coaches of the Olympic Games will take a few days off to adjust their state, and then prepare for training. At this point, the home team really "should eat and sleep."
Advantage 4: mental foot
Not only the time difference, but also the climate and geographical location of the competition venue are important factors affecting athletes' performance. The change of altitude and the difference of dry humidity in the air will especially affect those aerobic and outdoor competitions. Like NBA games, most teams say they don't like to go to the home of the Nuggets because the altitude there is too high for them to play freely.
Advantage 5: Smooth schedule
In some World Cup competitions, the host country is usually the seed team, and the strongest team can be avoided when drawing lots. During the schedule, the home team can also arrange the game as early as possible, so that it can always rest one day or half a day more than its opponents in the knockout stage. In the Olympic Games, the advantages of the host country are even more obvious. Like this Tokyo Olympic Games, the host Japanese team gave full play to its advantages in women's three-person basketball and put itself in the "vulnerable group", while China, the United States and Australia were all arranged in the same division.
In addition, in the three major events and some highly competitive events, the host team can directly participate in the Olympic Games without playing the qualifiers. The host country can also add its own advantageous events to the Olympic Games, or cancel its inferior events. Like the next Paris Olympic Games, France successfully got the Olympic Organizing Committee to cancel Japan's new karate competition.
The home court advantage is solid, but "strength" is fundamental.
Although the home court occupies the right place and the right time, the most fundamental competition in competitive sports is the word "strength". Japan, which has home court advantage, is only ranked third. Compared with China and the United States, there is a long way to go.
In the spirit of competitive sports, it is the real charm of competitive sports to crush opponents with strength! The attraction of the Olympic Games and sports events is precisely because there are real kings. Just as in the women's 10 meter platform final of Tokyo Olympic Games, China's Quan Hongchan's three perfect scores surprised the audience and conquered the opponent, the referee and the world with her strength. Their presence makes the charm of the Olympic Games and sports more colorful.