Studies have confirmed that obesity is related to physical fitness, and the determination of physical fitness is closely related to genetic factors. Studies have found that 34.3% of obese people have a family history of obesity. If both parents are obese, 70% of their children are obese. One parent is obese and 40% of the children are obese; Both parents are thin or healthy, and only 65,438+00% children are obese. All these data show that there is a certain relationship between obesity and heredity, that is, obesity is hereditary. However, there are still some arguments among medical scientists, which need further discussion.
Obesity can be inherited by parents, or it may be a characteristic of some hereditary diseases, such as obesity reproductive insufficiency syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly syndrome, glycogen storage disease and so on. Different genetic characteristics will produce different body characteristics, such as short fat, belly fat, hip fat and so on. These are becoming a means for people to understand diseases.
Genetic factor is an important factor in the formation of obesity, but it is not the only decisive factor. In order to be effective, weight loss treatment must be considered comprehensively.
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Can obesity be inherited?
Modern zoological studies have found that several genetically obese mice and rats with germline characteristics pass on the signs of obesity to the next generation in an explicit or implicit way, and the obesity age and fat distribution form have their own characteristics.
Recently, scientists at Royal London Hospital found that obese people have a unique gene, which is related to chromosome 3 in the body. Because this gene is only hidden in obese people, it is called obesity gene.
Obesity gene was originally an insurance device to cope with difficult times, which allowed the body to make full use of all foods, absorb nutrients and store the absorbed nutrients. In some areas with long-term extreme poverty, residents have accumulated more obesity genes in order to absorb as many nutrients as possible from limited food and store them. In the affluent modern society, with the continuous enrichment of food on people's table, obesity gene has become a burden for people, from the protector of life to the chief culprit leading to obesity.
Studies have confirmed that obesity gene can promote the body to produce a protein -Apo-D gene, and export fat to the blood. The more APO-D genes, the smoother the blood transport of fat, and the more fat accumulated in the body. Obviously, APO-D gene plays an ignominious role in the formation of obesity and promotes the accumulation of fat. APO-D gene exists not only in obese people, but also in thin people without exception, but the composition of APO-D gene owned by thin people is different from that of obese people, so it will not make people obese.
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Can obesity be inherited?
Obesity is a complex disease caused by the interaction between heredity and environment. There are also some genetic metabolic syndrome accompanied by obesity, such as dystonia-sexual dysfunction-obesity syndrome mentioned earlier, which is due to the lack of a chromosome in the paternal line, and this defect is passed on to future generations. Another example is retinitis pigmentosa-sexual dysfunction-polydactyly syndrome, obesity-retinitis pigmentosa-nervous deafness syndrome, obesity-reproductive infertility syndrome, frontal plate hyperplasia syndrome and so on. However, the number of patients with these diseases is quite small, accounting for less than 1% of the total obesity. More than 99% of obese people are simple obesity, and a large number of studies show that simple obesity can also be inherited. Many scientific studies have confirmed that there are indeed genes that cause obesity in the human body, and to some extent, obesity is innate. Of course, not every obese child is necessarily obese, but the possibility is much greater than that of ordinary children. Generally speaking, if one parent is obese, the probability of children being obese is 32 ~ 33.6%; If both parents are obese, the incidence of obesity in children will rise to 50-60%. A study investigated 2002 obese children, and 72% of obese children had at least one parent who was also obese. Another study shows that among the first-degree relatives of obese people, the probability of obesity is twice that of normal people.
It is also questioned that the obesity of parents, children or relatives at the same time may also be caused by environmental factors, such as the same eating habits, or the whole family does not like sports. , rather than genetic relationship, so they made a more convincing experiment. Danes have specially studied children who have been fostered in other people's homes since childhood, and found that their obesity has little to do with whether their adoptive parents are obese, but is closely related to the obesity of their biological parents. Swedes, on the other hand, specially investigated twins who grew up in different environments and found that they were still prone to get fat together. These two experiments skillfully exclude the interference of environmental factors, which strongly shows that obesity does have a genetic tendency.
As we all know, inheritance is carried out through genetic genes. So, what are the genetic genes of obesity? After a lot of research, scientists have discovered the "obesity gene" in animals, which can synthesize leptin in fat cells to regulate appetite. If this obesity gene is destroyed in animals, it will make mice fat. There is no obesity gene abnormality in human obesity, but it is found that the leptin level in most obese people is increased, and the leptin structure of some severely obese people has changed. Therefore, it is speculated that the leptin receptor (the action site of leptin) of obese people does not respond to leptin, just like insulin resistance, there is leptin resistance, which leads to overeating and obesity. In addition, more than a dozen genes related to obesity have been found. For example, among Pima Indians and Finns in the United States, it is found that the defect of B3- adrenergic receptor gene is related to obesity, but this gene defect does not exist in other obese people. So at present, it is considered that the inheritance of obesity is not only determined by a single gene, but is probably the result of the interaction of multiple genes.
It must be emphasized that although obese children are more likely to get fat than others because of genetic relationship, obesity can still be prevented and controlled as long as they pay attention to reasonable diet and exercise.
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