1 serve action
Before serving, the server should stand in the area between the midpoint behind the baseline and the assumed extension line of the sideline, then throw the ball in any direction in the air with his hand and hit the ball with his racket before it touches the ground. As long as the racket touches the ball, the ball is served.
When serving, the server shall not throw up two or more balls, otherwise it will be judged as a re-serve. If it is intentional, it will be deducted.
2 service hours
The server can't serve until the receiver is ready. The receiver is ready even if he makes a gesture of counterattack. If the receiver says that he is not ready after the server hits the ball, even if the server's service does not fall into the service area, it will not be judged as a service error.
3 Maintenance position
At the beginning of each game, the server should serve from the end line of the right area first. Switch to the left zone to serve after winning or losing one point. If the service position is wrong and not found, the score is still valid. Once found, it should be corrected immediately.
4 service order
At the end of the first game, the receiver becomes the server, and the server becomes the receiver. After each game, they will take turns to communicate with each other until the game is over.
If there is an error in the service order, it shall be corrected immediately after it is discovered. This round of players serve, and the scores obtained by both sides are valid until mistakes are found. If it is found that there has been a service failure before, it will not count. If the wrong order is found at the end of a game, the subsequent service order will start from the game and rotate according to the regulations.
5 empty exchange site
Both sides should exchange venues after the odd number of the first, third and fifth games of each set, and when the sum of the games of both sides is odd at the end of each set (if the sum of the games of both sides is even at the end of one set, the venues will not be exchanged, and the exchange will wait until the end of the first game of the next set).
If there is any mistake in changing venues in the normal order, it should be corrected immediately once it is found, and the game will be played in the original order.
6 maintenance error
When serving, if the service foot is wrong, the ball misses, and the service touches the fixture before landing, it will be judged as a mistake.
(1) foot error
When serving, the server is only allowed to stand between the midpoint behind the end line and the assumed extension line of the sideline, and cannot touch other areas. It is not allowed to change the original position by walking or running (if the server moves his feet slightly without changing the original position when serving, it is not considered as walking or running). Otherwise, it will be judged as a foot fault.
(2) Missed the ball
When serving, the server fails to hit the thrown ball because of excessive force and uncoordinated movements, which is called a mistake.
If the server decides not to hit the ball when throwing the ball up, it is not a mistake and will be judged as a repeated serve.
(3) Fixing device
When the singles match is played in the doubles venue, the singles props are used. If the serve touches the singles post and falls into the specified service area, it should be judged as a mistake, because the singles post, the doubles post, the net between them and the white cloth at the edge of the net are fixed objects.
7 serve invalid
When legal serve touches the net, the center belt and the white cloth at the edge of the net, he still falls into the opponent's service court; When legal serve touches the net, the center belt and the white cloth at the edge of the net, and touches the receiver's body before landing or when the receiver is ready, the service is invalid regardless of the success or failure of the service. When re-serving, the previous serve will not be counted, but the original first serve mistake will not be cancelled.
Eight points lost
In tennis rules, if the following situations occur, points will be lost: the ball fails to return to the net before landing for the second time; The return ball touches the ground, fixtures or other objects outside the boundary of the opponent's field; Failed to return the hollow ball; In the course of the game, the player deliberately pats or catches the ball with the ball, or deliberately touches the ball with the racket many times; During the "live ball" period, whether the player's body, racket (whether held in his hand or not) or other objects he wears touch the net, net post, singles post, rope or silver rope, central belt, white cloth at the edge of the net or the ground in the opponent's court; If the incoming ball hits back in the air before crossing the net, it is counted as hitting the ball over the net; Except the racket held in the hand, the player's body or the object he is wearing touches the ball; Throw the racket in your hand to hit the ball; During the game, the players deliberately changed the shape of the racket.
(1) "live ball" period
The "live ball" period is from the time of serving (except for mistakes or heavy serving) to the time of judging.
(2) Touching the net
In the doubles match, Team A and Team C serve, Team A serves to Team D, Team C touches the net before the ball lands, and then the ball lands outside the service area. At this time, C and D should be awarded, because C touched the net before the ball landed outside the service area.
There are many situations that cause points to be lost in the game: when serving, the racket flies out of the server's hand and touches the net before the ball hits the ground, and the player should be awarded points (because the racket touches the net when the ball is "live"); When serving, after the ball touches the ground outside the service area, the racket flies out of the server's hand and touches the net, which should be judged as a service error (because the racket has become a "dead ball" when it touches the net); Athletes cross the net to the opponent's field during the "live ball" period and are sentenced to lose points; If an athlete standing outside the service area is hit before the opponent's ball hits the ground, he shall be awarded points; If a player stands outside the court and returns the air ball out of bounds or catches the ball with his hand (unless he returns the air ball as an effective return, the game will continue), he will be deducted.
9 Second serve
According to the rules of tennis, the server has the right to serve twice. After the first service error, the second service should be made at the original service position. If the service position is found to be wrong after the first service error, it is required to serve in another area, but only once again.
10 ball
The line-pressing ball refers to the ball that falls on the match line and is counted as a foul ball.
Second, the rules of doubles.
The singles rules are all applicable to doubles, but the doubles rules also have their own special provisions.
1 service order
The order of serving should be decided before the start of each set, that is, at the beginning of the first set of each set, the server decides who will serve first, while the opponent also decides who will serve first, the players who failed to serve in the third set and the players who failed to serve in the fourth set at the beginning of the second set. The next few rounds are rotated in this order.
2 capture sequence
Just like the order of serving, the order of receiving service should be decided before the start of each set, that is, the party who receives the ball first decides who will receive the ball first at the beginning of the first set, and continues to receive the ball first in this odd set. The opponent should also decide who will receive the service first at the beginning of the second game, and continue to receive the service first in this even game. Their companions should take turns to receive services in each game.
3 Service Order Error and Receiving Order Germanium Error
Wrong service orders should be corrected immediately when they are found, but the scores or mistakes made are valid. If it is found that the overall situation has ended, the service order will be carried out in turn according to the game.
After the mistake of receiving orders is found, it will still be carried out in the wrong order and corrected at the next receiving office.
Third, the scoring method of tennis match
1 number of disks
In official competitions, men's singles and men's doubles adopt the best of five games system. Women's singles, women's doubles and mixed doubles adopt the best of three sets system.
2 nd and 3 rd innings
(1) bureau
Every time an athlete wins a goal, he scores one point, and the one who scores four points first wins a game. But when both sides score three points, it will be "equally divided." After "equal share", one side scores a point first, which means "receiving the ball first" or "serving first". "Take the lead" and then win a game with one point; If one side "leads", the other side will gain again.
If you get a point, it's still a "tie." By analogy, the game will not end until one side wins by two points after a "draw".
(2) Disks
One side wins six games and one set first. However, when both sides win five games, one side must win two games to win one game.
3 the scoring system that determines the competition
Each set adopts the scoring system of the deciding game, and the second set is six times (but the third set of three sets and two wins of three sets and the fifth set of five sets and two wins of three sets shall not adopt this system, and the long set system of the above-mentioned competition shall be adopted).
(1) Scoring system for singles tiebreaker
Whoever scores seven points first will win the game and the set. If the score is equal to six, when one side wins two points, the game must be stopped. The deciding game should be all numerical scores.
After the server serves the first point in the area, the opponent will serve the second and third points in Zhuangqu and Youqu in turn. After that, the two sides serve alternately, and each person serves two balls in a row. The first ball should be served in the left area. If you serve from the wrong court, you should correct it immediately after you find the wrong position, but the points you have scored before you find it are still valid. After that, the two sides serve alternately until the game and the number of sets are decided. Athletes should change venues every six minutes and at the end of the deciding game.
(2) The scoring system of the doubles deciding game.
The rules of the doubles deciding game are basically the same as those of the singles deciding game, except that both sides should take turns serving. In addition, special treatment should be given to several special situations.
(1) Before the competition, it was decided and announced that long customization would be adopted to replace the tiebreaker scoring system. However, when the number of matches was six, the decision before the competition was forgotten and the tiebreaker scoring system was still adopted.
If this error is found before the start of the second scoring, the first scoring is valid, but the error should be corrected immediately; If this mistake is discovered after the second score has started, the game will continue according to the scoring system of the deciding game.
(2) Before the game, it was decided and announced to adopt the scoring system of the deciding game, but when the number of games was 6, the decision before the game was forgotten and it was a foregone conclusion.
If this error is found before the start of the second goal, then the first point is effective, but this error should be corrected immediately; If this mistake is discovered after the second goal has started, then continue to play in the long disk system.
(3) In the doubles deciding game, one player received the service in the wrong order.
If you have just scored a point, you should immediately correct the order of receiving the ball, and the score is valid; If this mistake is discovered after the second goal has started, it will still be done alternately in the wrong order of receiving and serving.
④ In the singles or doubles deciding game, one player serves in the wrong order.
If the service is just finished after the game, the service order should be corrected immediately and the score is valid; If the mistake is discovered after the second penalty kick, it will still be served alternately in the wrong order.
Fourth, rest time and guidance.
From the first serve to the end of the court, if the first serve is wrong, the server must immediately start the second serve.
The receiver must play at the reasonable speed of the server. When the server is ready to serve, the receiver must be ready to catch the ball.
When changing venues, the longest interval from the end of the last game to the beginning of the next game is l minutes and 30 seconds.
After the third set of men's competition and the second set of women's competition, both players can have a rest time of no more than 10 minutes. In the team competition, the team leader can give guidance when changing venues, but not when changing sides in the deciding game.
If the game is suspended until the next day, you have no right to rest until the third set (after the second set for women) is played the next day. The unfinished game on the first day counts as a game.
If you are the organizer of international tour and team events recognized by the International Network Association, you can decide the interval between minutes independently, and the interval shall not exceed 30 seconds at any time.
Never pause, postpone or interfere with the competition in order to restore the athletes' physical strength. However, if the athlete is injured, the referee may allow a time-out (3 minutes).
When there is external interference that prevents the game from continuing, the referee can handle it as appropriate. The referee may suspend or postpone the game at any time when necessary and appropriate.
The organizing committee should give athletes time to prepare activities, but it should not exceed 5 minutes, and it must be announced before the start of the competition.