History of Shang Dynasty: When Tang Zuo was made (1), there was a long drought (2). Tai Shi took it and said, "Pray with others." Tang said, "I ask for rain, and people also ask for rain." If you must employ people, please be yourself. "Then I fasted, cut my hair, broke my claws, rode on a white horse (3) and a small cogongrass (4), and prayed in the wild of the mulberry forest as a sacrifice. Six things of self-reproach: "Political misconduct (5)? People neglect their duties (6)? Court worship (7)? Female sheng sheng (8)? Does it matter (19)? Rudder (10)? "Haven't said exports, it rained thousands of miles. ("Huai Nan Zi Zhu Shu Xun")
To annotate ...
(1): surnamed Zi, named Lu, also known as Tianyi, the 14th grandson of Qi. Life comes first (today)
Shangqiu county, Henan province) is a vassal state of Xia Dynasty. Xia Jie had no choice, so Tang Xingbing cut it down and let Jie go to the Southern Dynasties.
There is a world, and the quotient of national numbers collapsed in thirty years (BC 1783 ~ 1754).
(2) Long-term drought: it doesn't rain for a long time, and the drought is severe.
(3) White horse with vegetarian car: vegetarian car: a car without gorgeous decoration.
(4) white thatched baby: the body is wrapped in white thatched grass. Baby: about; Winding.
(5) political indiscretion: political indiscretion and unrestrained? Section: Constraints. An auxiliary word at the end of a language, indicating
Doubt.
(6) People's dereliction of duty: People and ministers dereliction of duty, people lost?
(7) Gongbai: Is Gongxiu too high and beautiful?
(8) Strong woman: Do you listen to women's political chaos?
(9) Bao: Is it common for officials to accept bribes and corruption? Zhu (sound arrest)
(10): Is it too rampant to kiss up to villains? If you reverse right and wrong, you will destroy good and harm energy.
Language translation reference
According to the historical records of Yin and Shang Dynasties, there was no rain and drought for a long time when Cheng Tang was in power. After divination, the Taishi said, "You should kill a man to beg for rain." Cheng Tang said, "What I want to do is to save talents and beg for rain. If I must ask God for rain by killing people, please allow me to be that person myself. " So Cheng Tang bathed and fasted, trimmed his hair and nails, rode a white horse, pulled a car without ornate decoration, and was wrapped in imperata. As a victim who prayed to God for rain, he prayed to God in the mulberry wilderness and blamed himself for six things, saying, "Is it my improper government order or my poor management that made my officials dereliction of duty and made the people miserable?" Either my palace is too expensive and luxurious, or because I listened to the concubines playing politics; Or my laws are lax, leading to corruption and bribery; Or because I'm not good at flattering villains with talents! "Cheng Tang's words haven't say that finish, heavy rain in Wan Li, Fiona Fang.
Discussion and analysis
Shortly after Hurricane Tang Jianguo, the drought that started in Xiajie never stopped and lasted for seven years. In the past five years, the drought has been very serious, the sun is like fire, the rivers and wells have dried up, the plants and trees have been scorched, no seedlings have been harvested, and the people are miserable. So from the beginning of the drought, Shang Tang set up an altar in the suburbs, praying for the emperor to lift the drought and rain as soon as possible. In the seventh year, seeing that suburban worship didn't work, Tang ordered historians to choose a place called Sanglin and set up an altar there. He personally led the minister to hold a rain-praying sacrifice, and it didn't rain after the sacrifice. Shang Tang ordered historians to divine. After divination, historians said, "People should be sacrificed." Cheng Tang said, "I am asking for rain for the people. If you have to sacrifice with others, please dedicate my body to heaven! " He prayed to heaven and said, "I am the only one who can't punish everyone;" "All countries are guilty, only I am guilty. Don't let ghosts and gods kill people just because I have no talent. " He blamed himself for six things and reflected on God. Tang's heroic sacrifice spirit was admired and praised by people.
Looking back at the history of China, whenever there is a major disaster, the benevolent emperor thinks it is a warning from heaven and a warning of dissatisfaction with his rule. They should reflect on "Xiu De" and even "blame themselves" for the disaster, so that the world can forgive their "bad politics" to the people. This is the ancient emperor's idea of governing the country, "match heaven with virtue." Therefore, when an emperor sincerely prays for the people, his virtue will touch the world and be immortal. Cheng Tang, the first emperor of Shang Dynasty, was such a kind king. As a citizen, his deeds of praying for rain are recorded in Lu Chunqiu's Collection of Autumn Stories, Shun Min Pian, Mozi, Xunzi, Guoyu and Shuoyuan.
Extended thinking
(1) In this story, what does Cheng Tang think is the reason for the long-term drought? How did he do it? How to manage
A sincere thought of solving soup-kindness?
(2) What is the guiding role of his six self-reproaches in today's society? Do you think efforts should be made to make the country prosperous and secure?
What is this?
(3) In today's society, natural disasters and man-made disasters continue. How to correctly understand the occurrence of these things?
References:
Xia Shang history Meng Shikai's Guan Ya Cultural Man Taipei 79[ 1990]