The so-called golden age of Athenian democracy refers to a series of reforms after Perikles came to power in the 5th century BC. The state management of Athens is in the hands of all citizens. By drawing lots, it is "both the ruler and the ruled, with certain democracy." It is the source of bourgeois representative system in modern western countries.
The Qin Dynasty established a centralized autocratic monarchy system, and implemented the system of "three public officials and nine ministers", with hundreds of officials under the supervision of the censor. It has had an important influence on China's politics and society for more than two thousand years.