The third lecture tells that duality is a relative part of speech divided by modern Chinese in principle, but the requirements are stricter and the places are looser. If nouns are also divided into several subcategories, traditional habits should be relative according to subcategories. Wang Li's The Law of China's Poetry is generally based on the traditional viewpoint, with a little extra points, and the statement is more detailed and clear. This kind of material is very useful for learning antithesis and writing couplets. For the convenience of readers, I made a record at the end. Individual words were added or deleted. The original example was changed to an example.
(1) Astronomical Gate
Example: sky, sun, moon, wind, rain, frost, snow, thunder, rainbow, neon, clouds and haze.
The smoke is starry, the yin and yang are bright, and the fog is dew and fire.
Example connection: Deyue Building, Chenghuangmiao, Shanghai (Tao Shu)
The building is high but Ren Yuan;
Small pool can send the bright moon.
Nanhu Revolution Memorial Hall (East)
The misty and rainy terraces are the seeds of revolution, and there are sparks here.
In the stormy world, every spring is stinging, and there are voices and thunder everywhere.
Seasonal gate
Example: year, month, day, year, year, month, year, year, year, year, year, year, year, year, night.
Night, day and night, cold, sunny, dark, new, faint, jump
Example link: Hangzhou West Lake Yue Temple (Zhao Puchu)
Looking at Vientiane and shining on people's souls, I am glad that the temple is reopened today, and old Parker Chihiro will look up;
Tidy up the mountains and rivers, look at this day, the rise of China, the new journey of Wan Li driving a long car.
Theme Folk Custom Village Bamboo Gallery (Hu Liujie)
Frost marks look pale in moonlight and autumn;
The curtain shadow cicada sounds cool in the afternoon.
(A) the geographical barrier
For example: the earth, mountains, rivers, rivers, lakes, oceans, waves, waves, tides, ice pools and swamps.
Lintan Qu Ze Xiang Qiao Village Official Sai Shi Shucheng Lu Dao Jing Ya Pu Yuan Yuan Tomb
Fenyanya Feng Ling Shijiangdi Jinlong Yijun Town, Jiaozhou County, Ye Jing
The former inn's Xiatiangu Island and Puxi's Tussaud Chentang are on the ruins of earth and mud.
Jingquan port machinery
Example: Fuzhou Fang Yan Guang (Lin Quansheng)
Stone chambers open the sky and see the mountains and rivers, three thousand worlds;
The water curtain winds, revealing a castle for a long time, twelve dry.
Wushan Goddess (Wen Peifeng)
Hugh loves Wang Xiang, and Song Yuwen thinks that looking at the foggy sea on the summit alone;
Let's take a look at the scale of the Three Gorges and the features of the two mountains, and enjoy Pinghu on the dam.
(2) Gongmen
Example: residence, house, balcony hall, Xiezhai Palace, pavilion, gate and tower lane.
Streets, walls, walls, windows, thresholds, beams, columns, eaves, corridors, terraces, courtyards, warehouses, barns and fences.
Power shortage in Feijingtian Shu Yun Temple Guanmiao Power Huanhao Leitun Wadai
Example: Beijing Taoranting (Weng Fanggang)
No one has been to Yanlong Ancient Temple;
The tree leans deep in the hall in January.
Yangzhou South Gate Building (Hongwu)
The East Pavilion is full of songs, and guests recall the Millennium poems;
Looking at the South Tower, there are six generations of rivers and mountains here.
(1) Artifact Gate
Example: boat, boat, boat, boat, car, clock, anvil, bed, pillow, reed and flag.
Drum horn fighting sword bow and arrow gun halberd crossbow lamp mirror seat and curtain foil
Gauze curtain, incense burner, mast shed, sail paddle, radial kettle cup, cup.
Clock, saddle, whip, rope, kettle box, basket, ruler, plate, basin, jar, ladle, urn and bottle.
Money key
Example link: wine architecture
Flowers reflect jade pots and red shadows swing;
The sun caught a glimpse of the silver urn, and the purple light floated.
West Lake Su Xiaoxiao Tomb (Wang)
Lights and beads, all beautiful people live in the north;
Sing a song, draw a boat and teach Fang Jia to occupy Xiling alone.
(2) Yi Shi Gate
For example: clothes, dresses, skirts, scarves, crowns, hats, rings, hairpins, belts and pins.
There are tassels, sticks, boots, robes, shirts, felt fans, crowns and helmets.
For example: Xingtian Temple in Wenshui County, Shanxi Province.
The powder and pigments of the Sixth Palace also disappeared without a trace;
The coats of many countries bow to the pearl crown.
Huashan Mountain in Yangshuo
Water is like a green ribbon;
The mountain is like a jade hairpin.
(3) Diet door
Example: wine, tea, tea, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake, cake.
Soy sauce rice, vegetables, bamboo shoots, vegetables, porridge, soup, candied fruit.
For example, a bakery
Fill this noodle instead of rice;
Divide it into several pieces and advise you to eat more.
snack bar
Noodles can satisfy hunger. Please sit down and eat two bowls.
Wine can relieve fatigue. Come in and give me three drinks.
(1) Stationery doors (including literati stationery)
Examples: pen, ink, inkstone, paper, stamps, cymbals, cursive script, sword, harp and flute.
A brief book of chess scrolls and scrolls
Example link: Hong Kong's return to memory of Lin Zexu (Li Yuwen)
Xiao chilling on the Tianshan moon;
Shock waves are far away from mountains and clouds.
Lessing Chiwan (Zhu Fan)
The green water boat stopped, and the brush was deeply stained with willow color.
Hongyun banquet, Sion still brings litchi fragrance.
literature
Example words: The Book of Songs is endowed with chapters and sentences, and the Collection of Works is about words and letters.
Order, seal, purport, chapter, tablet, poem, chant, ballad, system, book, ceremony and picture.
draw
For example, an article about spring in the classroom (Yu Yue)
Jin Zun Sun Moon Sandu Fu;
Yu xiawen
Wuchang Donghu Kezhuxuan (Tu Yong Guang)
The bright moon is in the sky, and the bamboo shadows are swaying and picturesque;
The bright lake is swaying, and the sound of OARS is a deep poem.
(1) Vegetation, Flower and Fruit Gate
For example: trees, wood, flowers, grass, radish, rattan, willow, poplar, banana, chrysanthemum, cinnamon, branches, leaves, peaches, apricots and plums.
Plum, pear, orange, orange, tangerine, pomelo, bamboo, orchid, huizhi, kudzu, pine, cypress, elm, fir, fir.
The roots and stems of Catalpa bungeana are covered with wheat, calyx, core, weeds, moss, reeds, vegetables and lotus seeds.
reed
For example: Qingchengshan Tianshidong Restaurant.
Sweep bamboo leaves and cook tea;
Chop pine roots and cook vegetable roots.
Xindu Gui Hu Shuixie (Liu Dongfu)
Breathing Lake Light Meal Gui Lu;
Wandering around the autumn moon, washing lotus fragrance.
(b) Birds, animals, insects and fish
Examples: horse, cow, dog, dog, horse, horse, horse, horse, horse, dog, pony, rhinoceros, deer, tiger, leopard, wolf, fox, ape and mink.
Musk deer, rabbit, mouse, cat, beast, bird, sparrow, crane, gull, pheasant, phoenix, phoenix, warbler and swallow carving.
Goose, crow, pigeon, cuckoo, pheasant, falcon, pheasant, heron, stork, duck, goose, snake, dragon, jiaozi.
Fish, shrimp, insects, cicadas, mussels, turtles, turtles, crabs, toads, spiders, silkworms, moths, ants, mosquitoes and flies.
Example: Pulling Nanjing to Recover the Fierce Land (Zhang Taiyan)
Thieves steal rats and dogs, and the dead don't bother;
This place is full of dragons and tigers, the empty talk of the ancients.
Ode to the Return of Hong Kong (Liu Life Insurance)
Hong Kong likes to watch dragons break through walls.
Gao Wu attracts the phoenix, while Shenzhou sings Feng Haichao.
(a) body door
For example: body, brain, muscles, skin, bones, meat, head, eyes, eyebrows, nose, forehead, face and cheeks.
Beard, ears, eyes, pupils, hands, feet, shoulders, waist, abdomen, umbilicus, knees, shin, chest, back, soul, tone and voice.
Feather wing feather hoof horn tooth lip hair claw purlin
Example: Tianjin Theatre (Wang)
Painting and painting, Imahiko;
Sweet heart, fake is real.
Peng Memorial Hall (Liu)
Let the liver drain the gallbladder, kiss a thousand words, the clouds sigh heavily, and you can't see the true face of Lushan Mountain;
Qin Hehe, who immediately crossed the knife and fought many battles and made outstanding achievements, why should he doubt the hypocrisy of the general?
personnel department
Example: fame, kindness, worry, leisure, love, singing, dancing, make-up, singing, laughing, talking about banquets and being ashamed.
Jealousy, ambition, Tao, thoughts, honor, love, hate, words, power, drunkenness and dreams.
Xin xing ling de pin hang
Example: Nanyang Zhuge Wuhou Temple (Gu Jiaheng)
Working in the imperial court, regardless of the original owner;
Famous in the world, how to distinguish Xiangyang Nanyang.
Shenyang Imperial Palace Yanqing Palace (Ruanyuan)
Water can be my friend;
Bamboo is my teacher.
(A) ethics gate
Example: brother, brother, father, mother, monarch, minister, husband, wife, teacher and friend, aunt, son and daughter-in-law.
Uncle, companion, sage, immortal, Buddha, ghost, master, soldier, farmer, fisherman and firewood.
Monks and nuns (prostitutes)
For example: Guan Yi Temple in Fuyang.
Teacher Wolong, friend Zilong, Dragon teacher Longyou;
Brother Yide, Brother Xuande, Brother Dede.
Wu Wu Guan (He Xiaoming)
It can be said that heroes are elusive;
With justice, how can you say that failure makes a king?
(b) Nominal right
Example: I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I.
Example: Chengdu Du Fu Caotang (He)
Jinshui Mingshan Junju;
I will go back to the thatched cottage.
Dong Yunhua in Xishan, Kunming
Let him be stubborn, who will cut the mess?
Since it is so strange, I will crush the void.
(a) directional pair
For example: southeast, northwest, north, middle, outside, front, back, left, right, up and down.
For example: Jinan Lixia Pavilion (He)
Go through this pavilion;
There are many celebrities in Jinan.
Commemorating the 60th Anniversary of Lu Xun's Death (Xiong Jian)
When Mr. Wang was still in his career, he often served as a left-wing striker, shouting to catch the night:
It was lucky to die young, but he didn't become the leader of the right army and hesitated to sing the sun red.
(b) digital pairs
Example: One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine hundred billion pairs of orphans.
Count a few and a half and then group with others.
For example: Susan Temple in Meishan
Father and son three-character guest;
The timeless articles of the four great writers.
Self-mockery (Ma Xiaoxiao)
Four loves poetry, calligraphy and painting;
Life is bittersweet.
Color pair
For example: red, yellow, white, black, green, red, purple, emerald, blue, blue, jade, red, red, yellow, black, green, red, purple, blue, red, red, yellow, red, red, red, red, red, red.
Jade (white), silver (white) powder (white), white, plain and colorful.
For example: Yuping Building in Huangshan
Elevated push the sky, the red sun is coming;
The income of distant mountains painting, looking back at the low white clouds.
Harbin Sun Island (Shang Culture)
The river is affectionate and steals green on three sides;
The sunset is speechless, and the upper half of the shoulder is red.
(d) pair of dry branches
Example: A, B, P, D, E, G, N, G, N, G, I am ugly, I am in the afternoon.
Didn't apply for going to sea.
Example of couplets: Land-house couplets
The first clouds are connected, and the bamboo is pine and luxuriant;
The window in the afternoon is always bright, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant.
He China Yuanmingyuan Society was established (Gu Pingdan)
Chixian fell, and the famous garden robbed Geng Shenhuo;
With the rise of China, the site shines brilliantly in Jiazichun.
(a) name pairs
For example: Meng Jiangnv Temple (Wen Tianxiang)
Qin Huang 'an is here? Wan Li Great Wall builds resentment;
Miss Jiang is not dead. A thousand years later, she is a stone.
Yan Zhi (Bai Zhishan)
Invite Zimei, Qinglian and Juyi as neighbors and drink as rich as poor;
Keep company with Wen Jun, Qingzhao and Shu Zhen, and your dreams will be fragrant.
(b) toponymic pairs
Example: Yangzhou Shi Kefa Temple (Guo Moruo)
Riding on the crane tower will be unforgettable for ten days;
On the bank of Meihualing, * * * looks to the future.
Huanggang Dongpo Chibi (Yusen)
No guest, no crane, no wine, no fish and no red cliff;
There are rivers, mountains, winds, moons and Dongpo.
(a) Synonyms (including approximate meanings)
For example: Kannonji, Jiaxiulou, Guiyang.
Misty rain tower outside Mount Tai four;
Draw a picture of this city.
Taibei Zhinangong Lv Zu Pavilion
A firm but gentle rainbow, heavy lake misty rain double sleeves;
There are cranes in the wind and waves in the sea.
antonym
For example: Han Xin Temple in Huoshan County, Anhui Province.
Life and death know each other;
Life and death are two women.
Wang Yue tomb
Good and evil have been the same since ancient times;
Fame is judged to be true or false today.
(3) Lian Mian figures
Example: Yuquan, West Lake, Hangzhou
Peach blossoms press glass water;
Pinctada hides jade fish.
Kunshan Maanshan hall
Love is surrounded by a beautiful group;
I am proud of the lonely pavilion.
Note: Lian Mian Ci, also known as Lian Mian Ci, refers to an inseparable disyllabic word. There are the noun Lian Mian, the adjective Lian Mian and the verb Lian Mian. You still have to distinguish between parts of speech when fighting.
(D) Overlapping words
For example: Sheshan Qiaotou (Yong Guang)
White clouds curl, sails fly endlessly, and the Three Gorges waves open the East China Sea.
The yellow crane is boundless, and the five continents are drunk.
Xihu flower bed
Cui Cui is red, full of Yingying Yan Yan;
Ups and downs, year after year.
adverb
Example: Suddenly, everything you want is ready. How can it be empty and useless?
Every time, I don't want to stop, but I have tried again and again.
Although it is more than enough, it can be very, very slight, and the most embarrassing thing is to turn around.
Example: Yuelu Mountain Sightseeing Pavilion (Wang Yansi)
Enjoy visiting famous mountains and watching the sun, because it is the most brilliant;
Sightseeing to the top, don't worry if it's high or not.
Wuyin Spring Festival couplets (Li Qiwang)
Fighting corruption is like catching a tiger, nothing ventured, nothing gained;
Strengthening the country should be for the safety of the people, but it is welcome to pay attention to people's livelihood.
(B) linking prepositions
Example: If you merge with * * *, you will do it because you are still here.
For example: Beijing Beihai Haopujian
The pavilion is cool and quiet;
The flowers and trees after the rain are beautiful and fresh.
Yangzhou Shi Kefa Temple (Wuli Lake)
Dedicated to the nation, loyal to the country, benevolent and honest.
I share the same hatred with Meiling, and I share the same difficulties with Yangzhou.
Auxiliary words (including interjections)
Example: What's the matter? What happened? Don't say that.
For example: Penghu Tianhou Palace (Huang Zhou)
God is full of virtue, breathing back to heaven and landing on the other side;
I have the ability to be loyal, and loyalty is like the water of life.
Topic 8 An Deyu Chat Room (Zhang Daqian)
Liao Fuer;
Can you do that?
There is no absolute boundary between the above categories. For example, "frost" belongs to astronomy and "ice" belongs to geography. This distinction may not have scientific basis. Because of the fuzziness of words, sometimes the same word belongs to two categories, such as "moon", which is both astronomical and seasonal. Some different categories of words are often called "heaven" and "earth", "wind" and "wave", "poem" and "wine", which can be relative and become working pairs.
The order of the above categories is not random. If the same species is different, it is essentially the closest. It is neither the same door nor the same door, but adjacent ones are often used as antithesis.
2020-07-20? Butterfly dance making