Ice dancing is composed of a male player and a female player. The basic technical movements are: dance rotation, lift (straight lift, curve lift), dance steps (step by step, etc. ), twist and so on.
The fundamental difference between ice dancing and pair skating is that ice dancing has no jumping action and is not allowed to lift high. Ice dancing competition is divided into three games: regular dance (cd), choreography (od) and free dance (FD)...① Regular dance: The International Skating Federation announced 18 sets of regular dances (such as waltz, tango, foxtrot, Kirian, etc. ), of which 12 sets were selected and divided into 4 groups. The action score of the specified dance accounts for 30% of the final total score. Every year, the technical committee of the International Skating Federation announces four required dances, including a waltz. Before the competition, the two required dances were decided by drawing lots. The score of each dance in the competition includes technical score and rhythm/performance score. Choreography is a group of dances, such as tango, which are arranged according to the prescribed rhythm. Dance has the characteristics of social dance. The specified time is 2 minutes. According to the prescribed route, with the prescribed music, each set slides 3 times, and is scored according to performance, style, accuracy and grip. (2) Director: The score includes director and performance. The score of choreography accounts for 30% of the total score. Athletes choose their own music and slide a set of self-made dances for 3 or 6 times, which has the characteristics of both regular dance and free dance. Comment on two points-technical points and program content points. ③ Free dance: Free dance refers to a set of dances with optional footwork and innovative choreography. It is necessary to reflect the characteristics, ideas, arrangement, technical difficulties and sliding techniques of self-selected music. The game lasted for 4 minutes. The score includes technical level score and artistic impression score, and the score accounts for 50% of the total score. Athletes can choose their own music skating and their own movements. A set of free dance includes various footwork, such as crawling, crossing, mohawk, etc., and can also do some posture performances; Comment on two points-technical points and program content points. The score calculation method is to calculate the total score according to the athletes' achievements in each event.
China's ice dance started late and its level was low. The best player in China's history is retired Zhang &; Cao Xianmin (ice dancer in the 2002 Winter Olympics 18 before the World Championships, and the first team in China to qualify for the Olympic Games 2 1 ice dancer) was training abroad at that time. At present, the main players of China National Ice Dance Team are Huang Xintong and Zheng Xun (pictured) (World Championships 2 1 in 2007, Asian Winter Games 2/0/in 2006, French Figure Skating Grand Prix 10 in 2006, and Winter Games 5/0 in 2007) and Yu Xiaoyang and Wang Chen (World Championships 23/2006). The coaches are Xi Hongyan and Gao Bo.
The origin of figure skating
(Figure Skating)/kloc-originated in Britain in the 0/8th century, and then developed rapidly in Germany, America, Canada and other European and American countries. On Skating, written by Royal Artillery Captain robert johnson in 1772, was published in London, which is the first book on figure skating published in the world. During 1863, American ballet dancer Jackson Haynes combined skating with dance art and toured Europe, enriching the content and form of figure skating. 1868, Daniel Mey and George Mey of the United States performed pair skating for the first time, which was the earliest recorded figure skating performance in the world. 1872 Austria holds the first figure skating competition. The first world men's single figure skating championship was held in Petersburg, Russia on 1896, the first world women's single figure skating championship was held in Davos on 1906, and the first world ice dance championship was held in Paris on 1952. The figure skating rink is 56 ~ 6 1 m long, 26 ~ 30m wide and the ice thickness is not less than 3 ~ 5cm. 1924 was listed as the first Winter Olympics. There are four events: single skating for men and women (included in 1924), double skating for men and women (included in 1924) and ice dancing (included in 1976). Each country and region is limited to 3 people (teams) in each event.
Brief introduction of figure skating history
The International Skating Federation, the governing body of world skating, was established in 1892. Figure skating is the first winter sport to qualify for the Winter Olympics. 1924 At the first Winter Olympic Games held in Schamoni, figure skating and ice dancing were both official events of the Chengdu Olympic Games. The leading countries in skating in the world are the United States, Canada, Britain and Russia. The main international figure skating and dance competitions are: World Figure Skating Championships, World Pairs Skating Championships and World Ice Dance Championships. The judges of the international competition are: there is a jury of 9 people. They judge the completion of the action by artistic impression and technical level. Skating requires athletes to have strength, endurance, speed, coordination, flexibility, balance, grace and stability. Personal basic skills of figure skating include: all kinds of balanced jumping, rotation, jumping, all kinds of sliding footwork and all kinds of coherent movements. Some special movements of pair skating include: spiral, arc leg lift, split leg lift and swallow rotation. There are several different jumps, including: back knot loop jump, Lutz jump, Axel jump and Sahoff jump. One of the most difficult jumps is to complete the three-week jump, and the three-week Lutz jump helps the three-week Sahoff jump.
Figure skating equipment and clothing
The development and progress of figure skating technology is closely related to the gradual improvement of skates. The earliest skates found in the world were made of animal bones. /kloc-in the 6th century, in order to facilitate modeling, wooden skates were used, then made of wood and iron, and finally developed into all-metal or plastic and metal skates. The styles of roller skates are constantly improving, from flat blades without teeth to knives today.
The blade has a certain radian, and the front of the blade has teeth. The styles, radians and teeth of skates in different projects are also different.
Figure skating clothing also has a history of gradual improvement. At the beginning of this century, figure skating was still an outdoor ice event in winter. In order to resist the cold weather, clothes are thick. Female athletes wear tight buttons, long skirts and feet. Male players wear tall hats, long tuxedos and long suit pants. In the 1920s, sonja henie, the world champion of 10 and the winner of three-time Winter Olympics, made a bold reform in women's wear, raising the skirt to the knee. This amazing pioneering work has created favorable conditions for the progress of women's single skating technology.
At the same time, men's wear has also improved, and waist-length short suit tops and ballet tights are much more convenient to slide. After the 1940s, women's skirts became shorter and shorter, and a short skirt with a top and skirt appeared. In order to meet the needs of performance, the clothes are decorated with raw edges, sequins, beads and so on. After World War II, female skaters began to wear white or flesh-colored skates. Work hard on fashion design and production. Due to the development of modern industry, spandex and other fabrics have appeared, which are more suitable for the training and competition of figure skating. The selection, coordination and design of colors are conducive to the expression of musical characteristics and dance styles, which greatly improves the artistic performance effect. Clothing has become an important part of the players' complete set of movements and artistic performances.
Figure skating classification
single skating
Single skating includes men's single skating and women's single skating. The competition was conducted in the order of short program and free skating, with short program on the first day and free skating on the second day. ① Short program: A set of programs consisting of eight movements and connecting steps, such as jumping, rotating, joint jumping and joint rotating, that athletes must complete in 2 minutes and 40 seconds. The referee first defines the action score according to the quality and difficulty of the athletes' actions, and then evaluates the performance score according to the balance of content arrangement, the consistency of music, speed, posture and the performance of musical characteristics. Every perfect score is 6, and the sum of the two scores is the athlete's score. Those who score more are ranked first. ② Free skating: Athletes choose their own music. The man completes a set of balanced sliding movements consisting of jumping, rotating, footwork and various postures in the specified 4 minutes and 30 seconds. The referee evaluates the technical level and performance score according to the difficulty, quantity and quality, content arrangement, music coordination, posture, expression, originality and venue utilization of the athletes. The method of grading and ranking is the same as short programs.
Double figure skating
A man and a woman paired up for the competition. The competition was conducted in the order of double short programs and double free skating, with double short programs on the first day and double free skating on the second day. ① Two-person short program: The athletes choose their own music and complete a set of prescribed actions of the two-person short program within the prescribed time of 2 minutes and 40 seconds. Only one action is allowed, and extra actions will be deducted. The referee provides action points and performance points according to the quality and completion of athletes' movements, the arrangement of contents and the cooperation of music. ② Double free skating: The athletes choose their own music and complete a set of self-made movements within the specified 4 minutes and 30 seconds. The referee evaluates the technical level and performance score according to the athletes' difficulty, quality, action arrangement, music coordination, posture, expression, originality and venue utilization. The method of scoring and ranking is the same as single skating. Double figure skating
ice dance
Originated from figure skating, it started in Britain in 1930s. Emphasis on dance steps, emphasizing the expression of music with movements. The first ice dance championship was held in England from 65438 to 0937, and it was listed as a separate event from 65438 to 0949. A man and a woman paired up for the competition. The competition is conducted in the order of standard dance, choreography and free dance. The first day is compulsory dance, the second day is choreography, and the third day is free dance. ① Prescribed dance: Complete the action according to the prescribed music, pattern, footwork and repetition times. There are 22 sets of dances, and the International Skating Federation will determine two sets as next year's events by drawing lots. Referees evaluate technical points and performance points according to the quality and posture of athletes' movements. 2 choreography: also known as stereotype dance. Athletes choose their own music according to the prescribed rhythm and complete a set of self-made dance steps and patterns within the prescribed time. The referee evaluates the arrangement score and performance score according to the actions completed by the athletes. ③ Free dance: The athletes choose their own music, and complete their own dance composed of footwork, lift, small jump, posture, grip, etc. within the specified 4 minutes. The referee evaluates the technical score and artistic impression score according to the quality, style and innovation of the athletes' actions. The scoring and ranking method of ice dancing is the same as that of single skating.
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