The road is divided into rocks and smoke, and the trees are whispering for ten miles.
Out of the temple, in the autumn scenery of Ma Si, I wandered into the sunset of the raven.
In the sunset, the bamboo spring is quiet, and the monk under the tower returns to the cinema.
There are still old monuments in the southern dynasties, and shame will promote the abolition of the public.
Translation translation
Under the drifting mist, a winding path winds up along the valley, with rocks and phosphorus on both sides. The jungle is gray, the mountain wind blows and the trees rustle.
After arriving at the temple, the long-distance horse was able to rest, kicking its hooves leisurely, snorting and looking up from time to time; The setting sun dyed the mountains far and near red, and crows looking for nests flew between the layers of forests, making noise and confusion.
The temple is full of hay and bamboo, and the spring water falls from it, and no one uses it. Although it is near dusk, the kitchen in the mountain is still deserted; The cinema is empty, the wooden fish is silent, and not far from the hall, the tomb tower stands, where the monks have been buried.
Although we can't see the style of the old temple now, the old monument of the Southern Dynasties that recorded the building of the temple still exists. After reading the words carved on the old monument, compared with the present situation, the rise and fall of the temple is self-evident. How dare you ask Hugh again!
Annotation explanation
Kaisheng Temple: Kaisheng Temple in Danyang, Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) built during the Guide Dynasty.
Stone: a stone in a stream. Access: same as "stream" and valley. Cigarettes: Clusters of tobacco trees.
Rustle: onomatopoeic words. What is described here is the sound of vegetation falling.
Out of the temple: refers to outside the temple.
Xiangling: The place facing the mausoleum. Mausoleum: the mausoleum of the emperor of the Southern Dynasties.
Shan Ye's kitchen.
Shadow Hall: A temple dedicated to the Buddha and the true shadow of respecting teachers in Taoist temple.
Southern Dynasties: During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were four dynasties in Jiangnan: Song Dynasty, Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty and Chen Dynasty.
Shame: One is "Dare". Rise and fall: rise and fall, rise and fall. Hugh Gong: Guide a tribute monk, then return to the common customs and become an official. Refers to the abbot of Kaizenji. One is called "fisherman".
Creation background
In the first year of Tang Wuzong Huichang (84 1), Wen returned to his hometown in Wuzhong from Chang 'an East. Arrive in Yangzhou in late spring and stay for a long time. Cross the river from Yangzhou to Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) in autumn. This poem was written by the author when he returned to Wuzhong and passed through Kaisheng Temple in Danyang.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
This is a landscape poem. The first two sentences are about the scene on the way to Kaisheng Temple. The poet didn't paint with colors, but just painted a picture of autumn travel in a simple way, which brought readers into a bleak state of travel. Mountain roads, rocks, ancient trees and haze, the desolation and loneliness of the journey can be imagined. However, the poet's feelings seem to be more than that. The word "rustling" makes the autumn wind bleak and the grass rustling in the mountains, adding to the desolation of the journey.
After arriving at Kaisheng Temple, the poet should relax from the loneliness of the journey and look at this temple built three or four hundred years ago. This is common sense. Zhuan Xu, on the other hand, avoided the temple and turned his attention to the world outside the temple. Ascending to the distance, the sky is high and the clouds are light, the trees are sparse, and there is a scene of late autumn between heaven and earth.
The autumn colors outside the temple are so bleak, and the scenery inside the temple is also very sparse. The couplets set off the scenery outside Ma Si Temple and the chaos of crows, while the necklaces contrasted the silence of Chun Zhu's room and kitchen, the monk's return to the pagoda and the empty cinema, which fully described the decline and desolation of the temple. In the neat antithesis, the upper and lower couplets contain deep and lofty artistic conception, which is the sigh of the couplet and full of lyrical atmosphere.
Faced with this desolate scene, the poet can't help but imagine that this temple was once full of incense. Inside the temple, the old monument of the Southern Dynasties, which records the grandeur of the temple and the grand occasion of pilgrims, still exists. This couplet expresses the sigh of the scene before us, which is meaningful. When the Southern Dynasties emperors worshipped Buddha, they wasted a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to build temples all over the country (Du Mu's "Jiangnan Spring" and "Four Hundred and Eighty Temples in Southern Dynasties"). It not only seriously damaged agriculture, but also aggravated the intensification of class contradictions. Coupled with the dissolute corruption of the rulers, several small dynasties in the Southern Dynasties were anxious and perished one after another. This historical event in the Southern Dynasties not only taught the later rulers a profound lesson, but also stimulated many people of insight, which aroused the reflection of historians and writers. Therefore, facing this deserted temple, the poet expressed the feeling that "the pedestrian Mo Wen happened in that year" (Xu Hun's Looking at the West Tower of Xianyang City), but this feeling was blended with the great changes in social history and contained the poet's infinite sad affection.
The whole poem is mainly about scenery, wandering around the temple from the journey, enjoying the autumn scenery all the way, and writing with great interest. In addition to his feelings, the poet seems to be tired of the achievements that make him physically and mentally exhausted, so he has the idea of seclusion. The idea is profound and intriguing.