What is the Milgram experiment?
Milgram experiment is a series of famous experiments named after American social psychologist S milgram in 1960s. 1963, milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, wanted to verify how much human beings obey authority.
The most interesting part of this experiment is the experimental design, because the single-blind design of this experiment has two shells. Professor milgram recruited 40 volunteers as experimental subjects. Subjects will be taken to the laboratory of Yale University, where they will meet another subject and an experiment manager.
The process of drawing lots involves these two subjects, which are used to determine the roles: one is the teacher and the other is the student. Both signatures are written by the teacher, so the real subjects will naturally think that the other party is a student. In fact, however, this theme is played by the experimenter.
Students were locked in a room, tied to chairs, and electrocuted with electrodes tied to their wrists.
The teacher and the experimental administrator went to another room, and the vision of the two rooms was completely isolated, and the hearing was communicated in two directions through the microphone and speaker. The role of a teacher has only two tasks. First, read words, and read the combination of several words at a time; The second task is to ask students to repeat the vocabulary that the teacher has read. If they read wrong, the teacher will press 30 switches in front of them. These 30 switches represent15v, 30v and 45v in turn until the end of 450v.
Every time a student makes a mistake, the teacher is asked to shock him with a higher switch. As students make more and more mistakes, the electric shock will become more and more severe, and the whining and begging for mercy will become more and more harsh. During the experiment, many teachers showed physical discomfort and asked the experiment manager whether to continue. The answer was always, please continue.
The final data is that no one stopped the experiment before 300 volts, and finally 26 subjects completed 450 volts of electric shock, far exceeding the 3% predicted by other psychologists before the experiment. This data is very telling.
Of course, in the end, I will tell you, as milgram told you, there is no real electric shock, but the experimenter who plays the student deliberately mispronounced the words and then performed the tragic reaction of being shocked, but the real experimenter didn't know it. Then, how strong is our human self-will, so that we can break through the requirements of rules or orders, abide by our own hearts and make our own choices?
Actually, before doing this treasure test. Milgram specially designed a questionnaire. Make a survey of some teachers and students in Yale University. For example, we should do such an experiment. How many people do you think will shock students? And will press the last 450v button pad? No one expected that someone would press the last button. But in fact, two-thirds of people pressed the last button. So after milgram made the experimental results public. Caused a huge response. Many psychologists and sociologists can't accept this result. I don't think I would ever do such a thing. He certainly won't press the last button. But these outsiders are observing the experiment from different angles. Milgram believes that there is a submissive psychology to authority and power in people's hearts. You will unconsciously obey authority and obey orders.
What conclusion did milgram's experiment reflect?
Milgram experiment is a very famous experiment in history to expose human nature. This experiment shows that in people's code of conduct, obeying the instructions of external authority takes precedence over their own moral judgment. That is, as long as you recognize authority, people will choose to obey even if authority asks you to do something against morality.
What can we learn from milgram's experiment?
In milgram's experiment, we came to the conclusion that obeying the instructions of external authority takes precedence over our own moral judgment. That is, as long as you recognize authority, people will choose to obey even if authority asks you to do something against morality. Both the results and the process in Milgram's experiment can be considered in combination with the circle.
The actor in Milgram's experiment is understood as role-playing or role substitution in the circle. Take dom/s and sub/m in our circle as an example. As we all know, sub/m stands for submission and dom/s stands for leadership. So in milgram's experiment, can I understand that the teacher is dom/s and the student is sub/m? Obviously this understanding is wrong! The real role substitution should be that dom/s is the experiment administrator and sub/m is the teacher, and students can understand it as an abstract thing, such as a result or a thing.
Now that we have defined their respective roles, let's imagine whether the leader (dom/s) and follower (sub/m) in both D/S relations and 5M relations are related to milgram's experiment. In milgram's experiment, it seems that the teacher who operates everything is a sub/m, because he is taking instructions from the experiment administrator. Is this experiment administrator like a dom/s? Why don't some experimenters who know that the teacher's role (obedience) may cause some harm to students stop in this experiment? Why don't students (consequences) get the attention they deserve under the command of this power?
Well, when we think about the above two questions, we will pull our eyes back to the circle. In the circle, regarding obedience/command, the owner with a wide circle process ordered me to be admitted to Tsinghua. Most of these are jokes, and some are obedience and instructions given by power, which is equivalent to this humorous stalk, but most of these obedience and instructions are irrational, unsafe and uninformed, such as forcing people to accept things they don't like, such as causing harm to themselves or others.
So when we combine milgram's experiment with the characteristics of the circle, we have to repeat the ssc principle again. Can we understand and tolerate the obedience of the circle from milgram's experiment?
How important is it to link power/obedience with ssc principle in Milgram experiment?
Let's repeat the ssc principle here. We also mentioned the rack principle and puncture principle in previous articles. What do you mean? What is the difference between SSC principle and SSC principle? 》
SSC principle, that is, safety, reason and informed consent, has become an indispensable basic principle in modern circle activities.
Safe-
As the name implies, physical safety, behavioral safety and psychological safety should be achieved. Because there are many uncontrollable factors in the game process, a series of safety measures such as safety words and safety gestures have appeared.
Reason-
Mind, rational thinking, emotional rationality. The word "rational" has a high demand on S/dom, so it is actually very difficult to keep rational during the game. Proper control, methods and means are also important indicators to distinguish the quality of S/dom.
Informed consent-
All activities should be carried out with the full informed consent of all participating members. Knowing is knowing the pros and cons and possible risks. Consent refers to the choice of consent on the basis of reason, knowledge and equality of both parties, without the threat of interest induction and punishment. Any player has the right to cancel or modify the activity at any time.
Summary: After reading milgram's experiment, substitute the role of circle and Milgram's experiment (teacher: sub/m, experiment management: dom/s, student: consequences) and think about it in combination with SSC principle. If milgram's experiment follows SSC principle before restarting, will his results be variable? The answer is yes! This is why the importance of SSC principle has been repeatedly repeated in the circle. If there is no SSC principle, then the results of all inner circle exercises are the results of Milgram experiment, even beyond Milgram experiment, because the participants in Milgram experiment are normal public behaviors, and inner circle exercises are behaviors that give leaders the role of followers!
Text: As the saying goes, power is dangerous, danger is sexy, and reason is the only way to control them. Therefore, we may learn strength and obedience from milgram's experiment, and more importantly, we should learn strength, obedience and ssc principles associated with Milgram's obedience experiment.