Speed skating rules, speed skating is a sport with a long history Speed skating can be divided into standard track speed skating and short track speed skating, and short track speed skating was soon introduced to other countries from Britain and the Netherlands. What are the following rules for sharing speed skating?
Speed skating rules 1 winter Olympics speed skating settings and rules
Speed skating, referred to as speed skating, is a sport with the longest history and the widest range of events in skating. 1763 February 4th, 15km speed skating competition was held in Britain for the first time. The World Championship was first held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands from 65438 to 0889. Men's and women's speed skating were included in the Winter Olympics in 1924 and 1960 respectively.
Project rules
In the individual competition, two players in each group will be decided by internal and external lottery. Every time the two sides slide, they will exchange trajectories and rank according to the sliding results. Those who spend less time will win.
Team chase, 2 teams in each group, 3 people in each team, and start from the opposite straight. After eight laps of men's skating and six laps of women's skating, the winner will be decided by the time to finally cross the finish line.
In the group competition, the athletes stand in several rows at the starting point, with a maximum of 6 people in each row. On the first lap after departure, you can only follow the skater 1 and wait until you fire your gun again to accelerate overtaking.
Site and equipment
Speed skating track is long and fast, so wind resistance should be considered in competition clothes. Tights connect the hat, coat and trousers into a whole and are made of elastic materials. After strict wind tunnel test, the resistance is minimized.
Klepp's new skates are unique. Only the front point of the roller skates is fixedly connected with the roller skates, and the rear point is not fixed with the roller skates, which prolongs the skating distance, improves the action structure and improves the skating speed.
Competition venues
The venue of the speed skating competition in Beijing Winter Olympics will be held at the National Speed Skating Hall (Ice Ribbon) in Beijing Division, and a * * * will produce 14 gold medals.
Rule 2: What's the difference between speed skating and short track speed skating?
There are obvious differences between speed skating and short track speed skating in venues, equipment and rules-
The venue is large and small, and the track distance is long and short.
The speed skating track is 400 meters long, which is the same distance as the track and field track of the Summer Olympic Games. The track length of short track speed skating competition is11.12m (364.6ft). These two tracks are also commonly known as "Avenue" and "Short Track".
For more specific field data, the "Avenue" is divided into two roads, inside and outside, with a width of 5 meters. The radius of inner ring of inner ice channel is 25m, and the radius of outer ice channel is 30m. The "short track" competition venue covers an area of 30× 60m, the width of the straight track is not less than 7m, the radius of the bend is 8m, and the length of the straight track is 28.85m Black rubber blocks are placed at the corners at both ends of the venue as marking lines, which also increases the safety of the competition. Athletes are not allowed to slide into the marking line (there is no marking line in the straight line area).
One is time, and the other is ranking.
There are no preliminaries, semi-finals and finals in speed skating, and the outcome is decided directly in one round. It doesn't matter who reaches the finish line first, what matters is who runs faster (takes the shortest time) is the winner.
Speed skating adopts the time trial system and is divided into several rounds. Therefore, the ranking in each group is very important, and the top few have the opportunity to advance to the next round of competition;
It can be understood that speed skating is a race against time, and short track speed skating is a direct PK between contestants.
Completely different roller skates structure
Short track speed skating needs to deal with more sharp bends, and the texture of skates is generally harder than speed skating (the support bag is stronger), which helps players to better control the sliding trajectory;
The skates of speed skates are narrow and flat, so the ice pushing area is large and the friction resistance is small. A shorter waist also helps to lower the center of gravity and reduce air resistance, thus helping to glide as high as possible. In speed skating, the front of skates is fixed with the sole, and the rear/heel can be separated. In this way, when the athlete lifts his leg, the blade still touches the ice;
The bottom of short track speed skating skates will have a certain curvature, and the contact area with the ice surface is very small, which is convenient for skating in corners. The blade of the skates is relatively high, so even if the body leans greatly after cornering, the skates will not touch the ice;
Another difference between the two skates is the length-the average length of short track speed skating is 30-45 cm, and the length of speed skating is 40-55 cm.
Extreme Speed Pursuit and Mandatory Safety Equipment
Short-track speed skating has certain antagonism, plus there are many corners and overtaking is more frequent, which often leads to falls and collisions, and the risk factor is much higher than that of speed skating. Therefore, athletes must wear safety helmet, goggles, anti-cutting gloves, leg pads, knee pads and other protective equipment. Including the neck, but also need a special neck protector;
On the other hand, there are fewer safety problems in speed skating. The main purpose of the one-piece speed skating clothes worn by the players is to reduce the wind resistance during high-speed skating (their maximum speed can exceed 60 km/h).
Pure speed competition VS speed+technology competition
In terms of skills and tactics, short track speed skating is much richer than speed skating. Players will take the lead, lag, cover/cooperate and other tactics. Being the final winner-the competition is intense and exciting, and there are many uncertain factors.
Pay attention to the gloves of the short track speed skaters' left and right hands. They are not the same-the short track speed skater runs counterclockwise, so the left hand will play the role of balancing fulcrum in the corner, so there will be extra raised buttons on the left glove to help this behavior. Figure/wiki
Johann Olav Koss's johann olav koss, who once won 4 gold 1 silver 1 bronze in the speed skating competition in the Winter Olympics, also created a legendary miracle that occupied the first place in Adelskalender's speed skating rankings with 1998 days.
Finally, if we observe the figure of biathlon athletes, we may find that speed skaters are often taller than short-track speed skaters. This is also the inherent advantage of the latter's lower center of gravity when facing more corners.
Of course, players in these two sports will still change events. Generally speaking, short track speed skaters have a relatively short sports career, and later they will switch to speed skating to prolong the sports cycle.
Rule 3 of speed skating: Who is the sacred start of speed skating team?
Special equipment
During the competition, players must wear helmets, goggles and cut-proof jumpsuits. Before the competition, the referee will check the protective equipment, and athletes whose protective equipment fails to meet the requirements will not be allowed to participate in the competition. At the same time, group events have special requirements for skates. The leading edge and trailing edge of skates must be circular, and its arc radius is 1cm, which is about 5 cents.
Special orbit
Compared with the track of individual events, the speed skating team's competition venues did not separate the track, canceled the boundary between the inner track and the outer track, and added a warm-up track. The departure area is at the center line of the finish straight (standard venue1000m finish line).
Athletes will stand in several rows, with a maximum of 6 people in each row and a spacing of at least 1 meter. The starting position is determined by drawing lots or selecting seed players. The first lap is not allowed to accelerate to get a better position. When the first lap is completed, there will be different sound signals (such as firing a gun). Counting down the laps from this moment, athletes can speed up overtaking to get a better position. The finish line of this race is 500 meters. This line also serves as the finish line of the sprint point on the way.
Special integral rule
The speed skating collective starting competition includes the midway sprint and the finish sprint, and the final points will be composed of the midway sprint and the finish sprint points. If an athlete fails to complete the competition, the points for sprinting on the way will not take effect and cannot be used for the final ranking. If you violate the rules in the sprint stage, the athletes who violate the rules will be disqualified from the competition, and they will not be able to get points for this sprint or for the finish sprint.
The sum of the points of all sprint points determines the result of the competition, but if the sprint points are the same, the ranking will be determined in the order of reaching the finish line. Athletes who have not won the sprint point will also be ranked according to the order of reaching the finish line. Athletes who have not completed the race will be ranked according to the number of laps completed when giving up the race.
Special competition system
The speed skating collective starting event in the Winter Olympics is divided into semi-finals and finals. The composition of the semi-finals will be based on the ranking of registered athletes SOQC (Special Classification of Olympic Qualifications).
At the same time, only 1 athletes from the same member country of the International Skating Federation (National Olympic Committee) can participate in each semi-final; In the same country, the second-ranked athlete and the first-ranked athlete must be assigned to different semi-final groups. In each semi-final, the top 8 athletes enter the group starting final and get the final helmet number according to the semi-final results.
In this Winter Olympics, according to the above regulations, athletes should skate 16 laps (* * * 6400 meters) on the 400-meter ice. In the course of the competition, besides the finish sprint, there are three sprints on the way. Set three scoring points on lap 4, lap 8 and lap 12; The top three players at each scoring point will get 5 points, 3 points and 1 point, and the top three players who finally cross the finish line will get 60 points, 40 points and 20 points. The scoring points will be added to the gold, silver and bronze medals won by the top three players respectively, and the other players will be ranked according to the completion time.