Most people who are not good at speaking in front of people, among many reasons, the most important and fundamental reason is the existence of psychological obstacles, which is due to the lack of psychological training on the spot. Here is a set of simple and easy training methods introduced by experts from the bird-knowing education and personnel examination network.
The first step: standing and practicing without words (practicing the mind). Practitioners can invite their family, classmates and friends to be their own listeners. I stood above the audience, looked at the audience and didn't speak. At this time, the practitioner should enter the psychological feeling of speech and have psychological experience.
This step is to practice your heart, not your mouth. Stand for 5 ~ 10 minutes at a time until the practitioner does not feel nervous.
Step 2: Practice speaking freely. Practitioners can enter speech training after psychologically adapting to standing in front of others. At this time, there should be no regulations or restrictions on the content and form of the speech. Practitioners should talk about what they are most familiar with at will. At this point, although the practitioners are psychologically initially adapted, they still lack adaptive exercise when speaking. At this time, their brains are either nervous or confused, so the practice in this step only needs the practitioner to speak, and the content can be arbitrary.
This step is to practice "mouth" on the basis of "heart", and the appropriate speaking time is 3 ~ 5 minutes. Practitioners and listeners can exchange conversations on the spot and practice in turn until the practitioners can speak freely and fluently in front of others.
Step 3: Proposition speech practice (expression practice). On the basis of the first two steps of training, practitioners can enter the proposition speech practice. Practitioners and listeners should communicate repeatedly and scrutinize the strength, speed and expression of the practitioners' vocal language and body language. The purpose of this exercise is to make the audience unable to recognize that the practitioner is reciting a speech or acting on the "stage", and to ask the practitioner to speak his mind truly, freely and calmly.
Step 4: impromptu speech practice (comprehensive practice). After the practitioners' on-the-spot psychology and speaking ability are improved to a certain extent, they can practice impromptu speaking at a higher level. Practitioners draw lots to decide the topic and content of the speech, and give 10 minutes to memorize the manuscript after drawing lots.
At this time, the practitioner's thinking is in a state of adjustment and operation, which is very necessary to improve the practitioner's ability to plan the layout and choose words and sentences.
The above four-step exercise method focuses on practice, and the effect will be better if beginners are supplemented with certain theoretical guidance.
(2) Language training
Oral expression and thinking intelligence are closely linked. In life, many people can only "know" what it is, but can't "show" what it is. This is a kind of language expression obstacle of "poor mouth". Wit and skillful expression of language can be obtained through language intelligence training.
The following experts from the Bird-Knowing Education and Personnel Examination Network will give you tips and introduce several ways of language and intelligence training:
1.Word quick connection
There are many ways to connect words quickly, and the most common one is idiom quick connection. First, each person says an idiom. The first word of this idiom must be the first word of the idiom spoken by the next person.
For example, when the first person says "take the lead", the next steps are "one step into heaven", "one for ten", "complete failure", "earnest", "echo", "make a clean break" and "split in two".
The last word is linked together, and the receiver at the back must continue the last word spoken by the previous person, and homophones can be used.
Such as "thinking of the world", "never doing it again", "not enough", "doing everything" and "doing everything in the chest".
2. Sentence connection
Two or three people will do. The host will say a word first, and then everyone will pick up the word that suits his meaning. The requirements are concise, vivid and accurate.
For example, the host said "It's a beautiful day today" and then said "It's a good time for a spring outing", "We packed our bags at eight o'clock", "We got on the bus and laughed all the way" and "We came to the long-awaited Zhongshan Park" ...
3. It belongs to training
Couplets are the basic training methods in traditional Chinese education in China. Oral communication is completed by sentence A, sentence B and cooperation. Party A and Party B can be individuals or groups.
Word pairs: such as "tiger" to "dragon" or "mountain" to "sea";
Word pairs: such as "smoke" to "fire";
Word-changing pair: Party A presents ready-made couplets, intentionally changes a word or number in the first couplet, and asks Party B to change a corresponding word or number in the second couplet.
Addition pairs: from A to the upper part, from one word to two words, three words, four words and many words, and B is also an addition to the lower part. For example:
A: Yellow Crane Tower
B: Heilongjiang
Visit the Yellow Crane Tower in the morning.
B: cross Heilongjiang at night.
Three friends and four friends visited the Yellow Crane Tower.
B: Thousands of troops crossed Heilongjiang overnight.
It requires equal words, the same parts of speech, corresponding structures, similar sentence patterns, relevant contents and relative levels. Genre pair is a comprehensive training of phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, rhetoric and logic, and it is a training of listening, understanding, conceiving and expressing a language with strict pertinence, adaptability and agility, so that practitioners can "haste makes waste" and "gain wisdom from wisdom", which will cultivate adaptability and agility in language selection and response.
(3) Memory training
To have a good eloquence, besides being quick and flexible in thinking, you must also be fully prepared, which mainly refers to being familiar with the content of your speech, which inevitably involves remembering not only the materials and language of your speech, but also your carefully designed speech structure. Only by memorizing the content and form can we express it in an orderly and clear way.
During the interview, after all, there are not many speeches, but impromptu answers without speeches are common. What should I do in the face of this situation? Take the relevant knowledge stored in your brain at hand, sort it out a little and use it. As long as you remember a lot of wisdom, writers' works, scientific terms, idioms and allusions, fables, historical and geographical knowledge, anecdotes and other material knowledge, you can express yourself with ease.
Therefore, good eloquence is undoubtedly achieved by memory. Because memory is a function of human brain, it is the reflection and reappearance of experienced things in human brain. Through memory, you can store information and engrave the prepared speech materials and the knowledge of materials that are not prepared in your mind. Even if you don't have a manuscript or leave it on the podium, you can go on and on. Here are some common memory methods.
1. Read aloud
When reciting the speech, read it aloud over and over again until you know it by heart. When people receive external information, the retention rate of memory is different because of the different sensory organs they receive.
Expert experiments have proved that if you use the "audio-visual method" of combining eyes and ears when accepting knowledge, you can keep 85% after three hours; It can be maintained at 65% after three days. It can be seen that reading aloud can obviously improve memory.
2. Contour method
When making a long speech, you can start with the theme and structure and list the outline of the speech, that is, first grasp the theme, then list the logically related content outline around the theme, and mark it in order with concise language, which is clear at a glance and convenient for you to remember the outline.
3. Mechanical method
Things lack internal relations, and the method of simple repetition and forced memory is called mechanical memory. Generally speaking, this method is used to memorize names, places, titles, dates, telephone numbers, house numbers, mathematical formulas, etc. In mechanical memory, we can also invent some methods to improve the memory effect, such as comparison method, sequence method, grasping characteristic method and so on. You can also use homophonic, rhyming, cognitive and other methods to reduce the amount of information of the memory object and remember it flexibly and skillfully.
4. Formula method
According to the main points of the content, make neat, symmetrical, rhyming, catchy and easy-to-remember sentences from materials that have little to do with yourself, so as to make them interesting. This memory method is called formula memory method.
Formula memorization is widely used, such as many agricultural proverbs, solar terms proverbs, abacus formulas, multiplication tables and so on. This method is used to make people remember quickly and conveniently, and it is not easy to forget.
5. Repetition method
Forgetting makes the traces of memory fade or disappear. Repeated memory can deepen the traces of cerebral cortex. Review can not only repair and consolidate memory, but also deepen the understanding of knowledge. Through repetition, knowledge can be gradually organized and systematized.
In short, there are many ways to remember. To improve oral expression ability, we must constantly strengthen training and enhance memory.