Role-playing can be: game entertainment, performance, real-life practice, psychological guidance, self-thinking, etc.
If you find obvious examples, you can refer to various elements in film and television dramas. Take film and television drama as an example, and don't equate role-playing with film and television drama.
Chinese name: Role-playing mbth: Role-playing explanation: It is a social activity between people. It is a comprehensive and creative interactive activity, such as filming TV dramas, movies and other types, improvisation, real-life play, role-playing therapy, role-playing method, electronic games, costume games, applications, RPG games, psychological meanings, financial terms, personality and types of role-playing. Role-playing includes the following common forms: 1, interactive role-playing activities 2, impromptu performance (stage play, film and television drama) 3, real-life role-playing (Cosplay, which should be a branch of this form) 4. Role-playing therapy (psychology) 5. Role-playing method (enterprise management) 6. Electronic role-playing game 7. Cosplay interactive game is an ancient and lasting entertainment activity. We used to play house, drink house, the police caught bandits and played war. In this kind of activity, all participants will reach a consensus: what are we going to do? How come? (determine the same period commitment rules * * *. Each member will have an identity and a role to communicate and interact. Laughter, debate, command and execution ... through this face-to-face way, members communicate and interact, innovate and create, and enhance their feelings. Members' identities in activities can be divided into two types: actors and hosts. Actor: All the members who participate in the activity are actors. They participate in the activity by playing their respective roles. Host: A special actor needed in some activities (such as table role-playing games). Responsible for: creating the world, writing plays, playing the characters in the play and hosting activities. Improvisation Improvisation has no written literary script, only a very simple "outline", or "screen table". Actors improvise dialogues and monologues on the stage according to the plot outline prompted by the "screen table". In modern times, many people carry forward this performance spirit in role-playing interactive activities, which makes impromptu performance no longer limited to drama and film and television drama, and becomes a new form of leisure interaction. By dressing up as anime characters and movie characters, we can create and perform dramas, that is, costume Cosplay. Cosplay in real life is usually a gathering activity and a large-scale cosplay interactive activity. Participants dressed themselves up according to the theme of the activity and went to the activity area to participate in the play according to a series of guidelines-dueling with another villain in the retro pub. Actors, preparing equipment, dressing up as medieval knights, cartoon characters and other behaviors are all costumed Cosplay. Role-playing therapy is a name often used in psychology. The purpose of role-playing is to make people find problems and understand the crux of the problem by means of drama performance, so as to better adjust their psychological state and solve psychological problems. In role-playing, people can personally experience and practice the roles of others, so as to better understand the situation of others, experience their inner feelings in different situations, and at the same time reflect the deep feelings of individuals. Role-playing refers to the use of improvisation in drama to temporarily put an individual in the social position of others, and act according to the way and attitude required by this position, so as to enhance people's understanding of his social role and his own role, and thus learn to perform his psychological skills more effectively, which plays an important role in human nature. Role-playing method refers to giving subjects a hypothetical role, asking them to express their behavior, observing, recording and evaluating the role-playing behavior according to the requirements of the role, and evaluating the intimacy or competence of the role. Electronic Games In electronic games, players play the leading role, and feel the plot with the leading role in the game. Role-playing games are popular in Asia. China's famous RPG: Xuanyuanjian series, Legend of the Sword and Chivalrous Man series, Fantasy Three Kingdoms series, Legend of the Sword and Chivalrous Man series, Japanese famous RPG: Final Fantasy series, Fantasy Water Margin series, Heroic Legend series, Kingdom Heart series, enter the dragon series, European and American famous RPG: Magic Gate series, Diablo series, Bodmen series, neverwinter nights series costume play, that is, Cosplay. See "Improvisation" and "Real Role Playing". The application of 1 and role-playing in the game field is quite common, and it is called role-playing game (RPG). The main elements of RPG include plot, screen, combat system, upgrade, skills, items, enemies, NPC and so on. One of the most important is the plot and upgrade. Among them, the plot directly affects the player's feelings about the game. Whether it is the sensational route of martial arts RPG, the one-line multi-branch mode of Japanese RPG, or the open plot mode of European and American RPG, storytelling is always the same theme. Characters, that is, the characters played by players. This element and tolerance can be said to be two complementary elements, not only in the plot, but also outside the plot. The touching of "Fairy Sword" can't be separated from excellent plots and excellent characters. Crazy upgrade can deal with more and more abnormal BOSS, and rational use of skills and items can effectively kill the enemy upgrade. With the setting of this system, players can be divided into two camps: Bo faction (desperate fighting faction) and crazy faction (crazy revision faction). At present, the most popular RPG in China is web game, which is also called role-playing web game. With the resurgence of web games, role-playing web games have become classics, and many excellent role-playing web games have also been widely recognized by everyone, among which the most prominent ones are Skybreaking 2, One Piece and Ten Years' Sword, which are mainly operated by Boiling Point Network, 37wan and Baidu respectively, and have achieved good results. 2. Human resource management is a new discipline. Compared with other disciplines, it is highly theoretical and practical. There are many teaching methods for this course, and the teachers who are engaged in teaching are constantly exploring and practicing. As a new teaching method which is more in line with quality education, role-playing has been accepted by more and more educators. Role-playing method is conducive to establishing a new relationship between teachers and students, fully mobilizing and exerting students' enthusiasm, initiative and creativity in the learning process, and making students truly become the main body of teaching and the master of learning. It is a teaching method that gives full play to students' subjectivity. The role-playing method is used to organize the teaching of human resource management course, and students' role consciousness is infiltrated in the teaching process, and the management knowledge learned in the class is well combined with students' life experience, so that students can realize that management is not a boring theory, but practical knowledge closely related to actual production and life, and better improve their ability to adapt to society and work. Therefore, proper use of role-playing method will produce good teaching effect. 3. The application of role-playing method is to design a good theme and scene. Role-playing activities can not play a positive role in solving all management teaching, that is to say, only the theme suitable for role-playing can achieve the ideal effect. Try to let students have something to say and do when choosing a topic; The task given to students should be neither too difficult nor too easy. It should be slightly beyond the ability of students, so that students have a sense of challenge and accomplishment, which is conducive to cultivating students' interest and stimulating their enthusiasm. Teachers are required to have exquisite design ability, otherwise there may be simplification, superficiality and false artificiality in design. This will undoubtedly directly affect the teaching effect, so that students can not get real role training. Similarly, when designing the scene, it should be reasonable, and the designed scene should be consistent with the content of the evaluation, otherwise it will make students confused. The second is to select students. The character, number and performance ability of the students who participate in role-playing have great influence on the effect of the activity. Sometimes students are unwilling to accept their role because of their own characteristics, and there is no clear refusal. As a result, they can't fully show themselves in the play. On the other hand, students' sense of participation is not strong, and their role performance is sloppy. All these will affect the effect of knowledge transfer. Therefore, what kind of students to choose, how many students to choose, and what role to play need careful consideration by management teachers. You can arrange topics a few days in advance, so that students can make full preparations in advance and improve the quality of activities. The third is to prepare props. Role-playing should be carried out in a simulated scene, as realistic as possible. The equipment in the scene must be similar to the real scene, so that the demonstration process is authentic, thus improving students' interest in the demonstration and stimulating students' desire for performance. Therefore, teachers should take the initiative to make full preparations before class according to the equipment and facilities needed on site, so as to make the demonstration site as authentic as possible. In addition, an evaluation form should be prepared. Making an evaluation form according to the content of students' demonstration can make students who have not demonstrated concentrate on playing the role of scenario simulation, so that students can have tasks, observe carefully, think carefully and evaluate. The fourth is limited participation. Successful role-playing learning needs teachers' careful planning and organization, and the important role of teachers lies in how to motivate students to master the scale of classroom learning and discussion. One of the main purposes of role-playing learning activities is to let students give full play to their initiative, and students learn by talking to each other. Limited participation means that students may sometimes go beyond the pre-designed discussion outline, or even completely break away from the textbook to discuss, or even the pre-designed role-playing has gone beyond the scope of curriculum standards. However, these classroom learning activities beyond the predetermined teaching plan and curriculum standards are very interesting for students and valuable for improving their understanding. The fifth is to make a good evaluation. Teachers should adjust teaching strategies in time according to students' performance in student role-playing activities and give appropriate feedback and evaluation to their activities. Effective teacher feedback and evaluation are the driving force to improve students' language expression ability. With appropriate encouragement from teachers, they will be full of confidence in themselves. At the same time, teachers should pay attention to the psychological factors of students in classroom teaching. In general classroom teaching, many students take a passive "low profile" for fear of making mistakes. Role-playing requires students to participate actively, so it is very important to create a harmonious, positive and equal atmosphere in the classroom. This requires teachers not only to master and use various teaching methods well, but also to have good ability to handle and coordinate interpersonal relationships. 4. The application of role-playing method in human resource management teaching. Performance management is an important part of it. In performance management, performance feedback is an important part. In the actual feedback, we should adopt different skills for different objects in order to get good results and promote employees to produce better performance. In this part, the theory of performance management is very abstract, and it is boring for teachers to adopt traditional teaching methods, which is difficult for students to understand. Learning this part by role-playing will greatly improve the effect. 1). The teacher sets the theme and provides materials. The teacher first tells the students what to do: feedback the assessment results for different candidates. To this end, there should be four roles (four roles of performance management and task assignment): (1) 1 general manager. The main role is to sponsor, support and promote performance management. (2)1HR manager. Design performance management implementation plan, provide performance management consultation, and organize the implementation of performance management. (3) 3-5 line department managers. Implement the performance management plan; Guide the improvement of employees' performance; Feedback the performance level of employees. (4) 10-20 employees. Master performers own and create performances. 2) Explain the role to be played in detail. The roles selected and assigned can be designated by teachers, recommended by groups, drawn by lots or determined according to personal wishes. A role can be assigned to several students, so that it can be replaced when repeated. The teacher usually doesn't play any role, but he is the designer and arbiter of the whole process. (1) general manager. The general manager is required to attach importance to performance management, and all the burdens cannot be pushed to the human resources manager. Performance feedback is an important part of performance management, and obstacles and difficulties are inevitable. When resistance and difficulties appear, the general manager must come forward to coordinate and unify, eliminate difficulties and promote the development of performance management in depth. (2) Human resource manager. Human resource managers should be experts in enterprise performance management, and be familiar with the concept, significance, methods and functions of performance management. (3) Line department manager. The main responsibility of the manager of the straight line department is to fully understand the performance management scheme of the company, organize the employees of the department to practice performance management, help the employees to improve, and be responsible for improving the performance level of the employees. (4) employees. Employees are not completely passive in performance management, but the masters of performance. They produce and own performance, actively strive for their own performance improvement, find problems and take the initiative to talk to the competent manager, seek help, and constantly exercise and improve. 3) Group Performance Divide the class into several groups, each group has 10 people, including general manager, human resource manager, line manager and various employees. Students began to play their own roles. This kind of performance is different from drama, so it doesn't need to be rehearsed first. Instead, each participant sets out from the standpoint of a certain role, directly expounds his own views and refutes others' views. Or stand in the perspective of the role you play to understand the feelings of the role in this scene. In the performance, teachers should pay attention to the norms of the performance process and prompt what should be paid special attention to. The requirements are as follows. (1) general manager's evaluation point. The general manager must come forward to organize and coordinate, hold meetings and communicate, make a strong statement, look forward to the future and inspire enthusiasm. The role of the general manager runs through the whole performance management, and promotion, improvement and improvement are inseparable from the general manager's concern. ⑵ Evaluation point of human resource manager. A comprehensive and profound understanding of the significance, functions, procedures and methods of performance management, a very important job of human resource managers is to design a performance management system that conforms to the company's current situation and organize the directly affiliated departments to study and practice. When there is a problem, the human resource manager should also play the role of a performance management expert to provide consulting help for employees. (3) The main points of assessment for the managers of straight-line departments. Feedback the assessment results to employees in the form of communication. When communicating feedback, you will meet employees with different personalities and need different skills to solve them. At the same time, reward employees' excellent performance, point out the areas that employees need to improve, and help employees become their own performance management experts. (4) Employee evaluation score. People who play various personality types may play the opposite role to their actual personality. How to communicate with supervisors to help them improve their performance? 4). Evaluation Summary According to the process of role-playing, teachers guide students to analyze and discuss the problems to be solved, make an evaluation, and summarize the purpose of this activity. The evaluation process of performance and discussion can be repeated until the expected purpose is achieved. Teach the knowledge points of performance appraisal by role-playing, so that students can integrate into the role and experience the appraisal process, assessment methods, task division and feedback of assessment results in reality. The students were very impressed. They not only mastered the knowledge points, but also learned the skills of dealing with people and exercised their ability to adapt to the society, killing two birds with one stone. RPG in different cultures At present, RPG games can be divided into three schools from the cultural circle: China RPG games and China RPG games are mostly based on China classical myths and legends, or modern martial arts novels. Its composition is extremely rich, including ghosts and gods, martial arts, sects, rivers and lakes and other semi-virtual elements. Combining love and China's traditional moral concepts, it often contacts historical figures, myths and legends and historical events. Because its content is closely related to the traditional culture of China, it is difficult to be understood by westerners, so it is rarely favored by western players, but there are a large number of players in China and areas influenced by China culture. The representative works of China stand-alone RPG games include Xuanyuan Sword, Legend of the Sword and the Chivalrous Man, Love between the Sword and the Chivalrous Man, Legend of the Secret Sword in the Dark City, Legend of the Sword and the Chivalrous Man, Legend of the Hero of Jin Yong, Two Prides of the Family and Fantasy of the Three Kingdoms. Among them, the first three are the most prominent, and they represent three different game modes respectively: Xuanyuan Sword meets the enemy by stepping on dark thunder, fighting for half a round, and the real-time fighting mode of Chivalrous Man, Legend of Fairy Sword and Chivalrous Man (made in 1995, five classic works in this series have been released at present) and Legendary Sword. The series "Two Prides in One Family" is adapted from Gu Long's novel "Two Prides in One Family". RPG, a China online game, is even more colorful. From the first Stone Age and Magic Baby, to the later Fantasy Westward Journey, and now to Wen Wen and SHEN WOO, the theme is rich, the gameplay is changeable, and the fighting system of the game is unpredictable. In addition, in recent years, mobile games such as The Condor Heroes, Magic Baby and SHEN WOO, which have sprung up suddenly in the mobile game market, are all RPG-type games, and these games are widely praised by players for their hard game quality. The word RPG game in Europe and America can be used for two different types of games: one is a classic paper-and-pencil game played by several people, also called "table RPG"; It can also be used to represent popular computer games: some of them are subdivided into CRPG (Computerized RPG), MUD (Multiuser Dungeon) and MMORPG (Large-scale Multiuser RPG). The only difference between the two is that the process of rolling dice is changed from manual to different degrees of automation. The core of RPG lies in a set of game rules manual. At present, the most popular rule is D&D from Wei's annals. D Rule 3.50) Series game rules. In addition to the rules, the game story should also have a set of scripts. His famous works include: The Battle of Rhodes (ロードス), The Gate of Bode, Radiation and Power and Magic. RPG games do not necessarily need to use the specified adventure story script: basically anyone can use any adventure story on the market as a blue book to write their own adventure game; On the contrary, a well-written and successful RPG is not only fascinating, but also its game process can be integrated into chapters. The Battle of Rhodes and the Battle of Varhala are some examples of the transformation from table role-playing games to story works. The difference between RPG games in Europe and America and RPG games in China and Japan lies in its emphasis on openness. Japanese RPG Legend Sword cos Fang Lansheng Nate Japanese RPG game design emphasizes plot advancement. Compared with RPG games in Europe and America, the structure of RPG games in Japan is relatively closed, and players can only play according to the program preset by the designer. To some extent, Japanese RPG is more like a film and television drama that can interact with players. Japanese RPG games have a huge market in the world. Even in Europe and America, they can compete with European RPG. The main platforms of Japanese RPG are home game consoles, such as PS2, NGC and Xbox. , as well as the handheld game console GBA and so on. The representative works of Japanese RPG include Dragon Quest Series, Final Fantasy and Megaten (Goddess). RPG game online game is a new type of game after the popularity of the Internet. Among them, online role-playing games have the largest number in online games. Some global masterpieces, such as Ultima Online or Ever Quest made in America, have a long history and reputation. But in the Chinese world, online RPG is dominated by Korean-made games, such as Paradise, Japanese-made games and Taiwan Province-made games, with many players. The role-playing game of Eastnet, in the crudest way, is roughly that the player controls the role to kill monsters or opponents, thus improving the role ability and earning virtual gold coins. However, American games emphasize completing tasks or guessing riddles. Recently, there has even been a life-oriented game, that is Sims Online. Because of its anonymity and interaction with real people, online games have caused many new social problems, such as virtual treasure trading, account theft and white children running amok. At present, the biggest enemies of online games can be classified into two categories: plug-ins and illegal servers. The former destroys the balance of the game and makes players lose interest in the game. The latter has a direct impact on developers. Psychological role-playing refers to the process and activities in which an individual has the conditions to play a certain role and undertakes and reproduces that role. The main contents include: 1, role determination. On the social stage, people can't play roles at will. Role commitment must first go through a definite process, or "recognition" to prove that a person's actual status, identity and so on are consistent with his role commitment. The determination of the role is completed in the long-term social interaction. There are often mistakes in the determination of roles, such as being incompetent, not playing the right role, choosing the inappropriate role, etc. Whether the role is effective or not is ultimately determined by society, but it is also inseparable from individual activities and efforts. 2. Role distance. This refers to the gap between an individual and his role. The so-called "role distance" includes those whose behavior and quality can't meet the role norms, such as soldiers with lax military discipline, professors who are not worthy of the name, and people whose quality is far above the role norms, such as overqualified people or adults who play with children. When a person does not assume a role, his behavior does not constitute a role distance. The role distance shows the separation between self and ideal role model, which prevents a person from entering the role. 3. The reappearance of the role. The expression of social roles requires a series of means. Just as the performance on the stage needs decoration, the social performance also needs scenery and props, but the difference is that the social stage needs physical objects. On the one hand, they play a symbolic role, not only as a symbol of role performance, but also as a place for role activities; On the other hand, they are also very practical. What is more closely related to social performers is appearance and manners. The former is the external representation of the role, and the latter is the reflection of the internal quality of the role. Role performance can be divided into foreground and background. Stage performance refers to people playing a role, while stage performance refers to the preparatory activities before the formal performance. It is of practical significance to distinguish these two manifestations. Such as hotels, restaurants and other service personnel must avoid confusing these two performances. In order to make the roles perform well, it is necessary to realize the cooperation between the roles, otherwise the mistake of one role may lead to the failure of the whole performance. 4. The playing process. The role performance first needs to go through two links: one is the expectation of the role. When people assume a certain role, the first thing they encounter is the expectations of society or others. The second is the understanding of the role, that is, the role bearer's practice of the role is the further development of expectation and understanding, and it is the role shown in the individual's actual actions. 5. Role set. Refers to a group of interdependent and complementary roles. The role set includes two situations: 1, and multiple roles are concentrated on one person, such as one person taking on multiple roles such as mother, doctor, director, trade union member and professor. It mainly emphasizes a person's inner relationship. The undertakers of different roles are linked by specific role relationships. For example, in hospitals, doctors, nurses, patients, patients' families, etc. Gather together to form a character set. 6. Role imbalance refers to contradictions, obstacles and even failures in role playing. Common role obstacles are: (1). Role conflict. That is, there are contradictions and opposites between roles or within roles, which hinder the smooth progress of role-playing. There are two types of role conflicts. One is the conflict between different undertakers, such as the conflict between husband and wife and the conflict between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law. It is often caused by the opposition of role interests, the difference of role expectations and the deviation of role norms. The first is the internal conflict of the role bearer. There are several different situations: first, when a person assumes multiple social roles and demands on him at the same time, he is difficult to be competent and has a sense of tension in time and energy, which is also called "role tension". Secondly, when several roles assumed by a person are incompatible with each other, role conflicts will also occur. To prevent role conflict, we can only take corresponding countermeasures according to different situations. In view of the tight role, it is necessary to reduce too much * * * and lift the heavy burden. In view of the conflict of role norms, people's role should be simplified, that is, only one role should be played in one occasion. (2) The role is unclear. In other words, the public or the role players are not clear about the code of conduct of the role. In the period of rapid social and cultural changes, the behavioral norms of many social roles have gone beyond the scope that people used to take for granted. In the process of change, when a new role appears for the first time, the society has not had time to stipulate its rights and obligations, which will also lead to unclear roles. (3) the role is interrupted. Refers to the phenomenon that people in a certain role can't play the role to the end due to subjective or objective reasons. It may be because people are not fully prepared for the role obligations to be fulfilled in the later stage when they assume the role in the previous stage, such as the sudden unemployment of employees in the industry; Or because a set of behavioral norms in the previous stage of the role directly conflicts with the behavioral norms required in the first stage. For example, immigrants who enter another cultural group cannot continue to play their original roles due to changes in objective conditions. (4). Role failed. Also known as personality breakdown. This is the most serious role imbalance phenomenon, which refers to the phenomenon that the role bearer has to quit the stage and give up the original role because it is proved impossible to continue to assume or perform the rights and obligations of the role. The financial term repurchase agreement (RP) refers to a standard contract in which one party of the counterparty promises to buy back the sold financial assets at a fixed price at a certain time in the future. Personality (RP), an Internet term, generally means luck. Online games often say' my RP is too bad', which means I'm too unlucky.