How is the scoreboard timed in basketball games?

We know that there are three scoring factors in basketball game. One, three out of ten is three. 2. The score within the three-point line is 2 points. Third, penalty 1 point. Suppose, a game didn't hit a three-pointer and didn't score a free throw. Then, there is no doubt that the score of this game, whether it is the home team or the visiting team, whether it is half-time or full-court, is even. However, in a basketball game, there are three-pointers and free throws. Therefore, the odd or even number of the score between the host and the guest in a game or half-time depends entirely on the number of three-pointers and free throws. We can assume the following three situations: a. When the number of three-pointers is odd, the number of free throws is also odd; B when the number of three-pointers is even, the number of free throws is even; C. the number of three-pointers and free throws is completely different. According to the scoring rules of basketball games, when there are two situations of A and B in a game, the mantissa of the score will be even, because odd+odd = even; Even+even = even. Only when there are C situations in the game will the mantissa of the score be odd, because: even+even = odd. Basketball rules quiz, what if the ball enters the basket from below? A: There are two situations: the rules stipulate that whenever the ball accidentally enters the basket from below, it is necessary to jump between one player to continue the game. On the other hand, if a player intentionally lets the ball enter the basket from below, it is a foul. For treatment, see Article 36 Violation (see Rules 26 and 30). The ball shot by the player does not touch the hoop, the net and the backboard, which is also commonly known as "three no touches". Can players still touch the ball? A: As long as the referee thinks the player is shooting, the player can touch the ball again, regardless of whether the ball lands or not. He can pass, transport and vote (see rule 38). What if the defender touches the opponent from behind? A: The defender has physical contact with the opposing team from behind. Even if the defender tries to grab the ball, it is not appropriate to make physical contact with the opposing team. First of all, every player has the responsibility to avoid contact by any possible means. The opposing player can't see the defender behind him, but the defender behind him can see the other side clearly and should take the initiative to avoid contact. Secondly, the defender defends from behind, and he is at a disadvantage with the ball and the opposing players. Therefore, contact from behind is an abnormal basketball action, and the player behind is responsible for contact (see Rule 46). What is the difference between legal cover and illegal cover? How to judge? A: Legal cover and illegal cover not only involve the training of athletes, but also involve the on-the-spot judgment of referees. This is a problem that needs to be clarified and improved. The so-called legal cover is: 1. When the contact occurs, the player who is covering the opponent stands still (in his column); 2. When the contact occurs, the player who covers the opponent has landed. The new rules increase the restrictions on immobility and gas cylinders. The so-called illegal cover means: 1. When contact occurs, the player who covers the opponent is moving; 2. When contacting, set up a cover outside the vision of the opponent who is standing still, without giving an appropriate distance; 3. When contact occurs, it is to cover the moving opponent, regardless of time and distance. When judging, we should pay attention to several problems: if the cover is built in the field of vision (front or side) of the stationary opponent, the team members who cover can get as close to the opponent as possible without touching. If the cover is established outside the vision of the stationary opponent, the cover player must allow the opponent to take a normal step towards him without contact. If the opponent moves, the factors of time and distance will apply. The cover player must leave enough space so that the covered player can avoid the cover by stopping or changing direction. The required distance shall not be less than the normal 1 step, but shall not exceed 2 steps. Finally, any contact with a player who has established a legal cover is the responsibility of the covered player. After this modification of the rule, the problem of coverage becomes clearer (see the note to rule 47). The attacker holds the ball and the defender presses the ball, almost touching each other. When the attacker jumped up and shot, his raised arm touched the defender's face. Who should be fined? A: When defending the players who control the ball (holding or dribbling), the factors of time and distance are not applicable. Therefore, it is ok for the defender to take the ball to press the attacker. Almost physical contact occurred, that is, the defender did not cause physical contact when establishing a legal defensive posture. From these aspects, the defender did not violate the rules. The problem occurred when the attacker jumped up and shot. Obviously, the attacker played the ball with normal movements. He has power over the space (cylinder) above him, and he has the right to jump up and shoot. If the defender does not exceed his cylinder, the attacker's arm will not touch his face when it is raised. Since you hit your face, it means that the defender left his vertical position (cylinder) and naturally sentenced the defender to a foul. If the defender fully extends his hands and arms in the tank, the attacker will use his arms to expand his extra space when jumping up and shooting, which is a foul for the attacker (see the note to Rule 47). What if the ball hits the basket and both sides foul at the same time? A: According to the rules, if both sides foul the ball at the same time, the opposing team member of the winning team will throw a foul ball at the end line to continue the game (see rule 48). What is a technical foul? A: Article 5 1 of the rules of conduct stipulates that the proper behavior of the competition requires that the players of both sides (including coaches, substitutes and players) have perfect and sincere cooperation with the referees and their assistants; Both sides have the right to try their best to win, but the victory must conform to the spirit of sports ethics and good competition style; Anyone who intentionally or repeatedly violates the above cooperation or the spirit of the above rules shall be regarded as a technical foul and punished according to the corresponding regulations (see Rule 5 1). What is a player's technical foul? Will the captain of the opposing team make a free throw after the player's technical foul is pronounced? A: A player's technical foul refers to all players who are not in contact with the opposing team, such as insulting the opposing team. It does not include ignoring the referee's advice and using improper behavior, such as impolite conversation or contact with the referee. Intentional, immoral or technical foul, which brings illegitimate interests to the offender, shall also be punished by technical foul. After a player is convicted of a technical foul, the captain of the opposing team will designate the penalty taker (see Rule 52). How to explain "defense behind"? A: The definition of "defense behind" in 1994- 1998 basketball rules has been modified a little. The new rule says: "Defending from behind" means that the defender makes physical contact with the opposing team members from behind. Even if the defender tries to grab the ball, it is not appropriate to have physical contact with the opposing team. The old rule is that "defending from behind and causing physical contact is an intrusion foul." The referee should pay special attention to this kind of violation. "has been removed from the new rule. Defending behind is to defend outside the field of vision of the opposing players, and the defender should take the initiative to avoid physical contact (see Rule 47). When throwing an out-of-bounds ball, can you throw the ball on the back of the opposing team and then enter the field to catch it? A: According to the rules, you can't say no. But this is a scam and the referee should give a warning. If you commit another crime or behave rudely, you will be fined a technical foul (see Rule 3 1 and 52). If the referee thinks that this is intentional, immoral or a technical foul that brings illegitimate interests to the fouler, he can also immediately pronounce a technical foul. In short, it depends on the nature of the behavior and the specific situation of the game. Basketball game rules 1 stipulate that the game time is divided into two stages. 1. 1 The first half is used in the preliminary stage, and the first half is 25 minutes (5 minutes for warm-up and 5 minutes for rest). 1.2 in the final stage, a four-limit competition will be adopted, with each session 10 minute. The competition between the first place and the third place is the final stage (warm-up for 5 minutes before the game and rest for 2 minutes); 2. Record the number of fouls in the competition, with 5 fouls in the preliminary stage and 6 fouls in the final stage; After every seven fouls at half-time, the system of serving twice is adopted, and there is also an extra serving system; Additional technical foul with serious foul in the game; The rules of playing 3 seconds, 30 seconds attack time and 5 seconds serve in the game; After the draw, if one of the two teams does not participate in the competition, it will be regarded as abstention, and the other team will win without a fight. 1. Stadium specifications The size of the NBA stadium is 94 feet (28.65 meters) long and 50 feet (15.24 meters) wide. The spacing is measured from the inner edge of the boundary line with a line width of 2 feet (5.08 cm). Rectangular penalty areas are marked at both ends of the stadium, which are 19 feet (5.79 meters) long and 16 feet (4.88 meters) wide. The two ends of the court are marked with 3-point shooting lines. The drawing method is as follows: draw two lines parallel to the sideline from the baseline, each of which is 3 feet (0.9 1 m) away from the sideline and intersects with an arc with a radius of 23 feet 9 inches (7.24 meters) centered on the center of the basket. The arc radius of WNBA is 19 feet 9 inches (6.02 meters). The radius of a circle is 6 feet (1.83 meters). The radius of the middle circle is 2 feet (0.6 1 m), and there is a middle line running through it. There are also four marking lines with a width of 2 inches (5.08 cm) perpendicular to the sideline. Each marking line is 28 feet (8.53 m) away from the baseline and extends 3 feet (0.9 1 m) into the field. (Position area and neutral area and some short marking lines are omitted. ) 2. Competition time Each competition is divided into two and a half hours ***4 sections, each section is 12 minutes. Work overtime for five minutes. There is a break between the first and second quarters, and the third and fourth quarters 130 seconds. Half-time 15 minutes. Take a break between the fourth quarter and overtime and between any overtime 100 seconds. At the last minute of the first, second and third quarters, the game timing should be stopped after the shooting is successful. In the fourth quarter and the last two minutes of overtime, you should stop the game timing after shooting successfully. All rights reserved by China Basketball Referee Network, please indicate the source. When a team competes, each team consists of 5 players, and the number of players on the field shall not be less than 5. If a player commits a personal foul for the sixth time and the team does not have a qualified substitute, the player should stay on the court and register as a personal foul and a team foul; The team will also be fined for technical fouls. All subsequent personal fouls (including offensive fouls) should be handled in this way. If there are only five qualified players, and one of them has to leave or be expelled due to injury, it should be replaced by the last player who has been disqualified for six games due to personal foul. Every time it is necessary to replace an injured or expelled player, it should be handled in this reverse order. Any disqualified player who participates in the competition again will be fined for technical foul. 4. The first quarter of the game and overtime should start from the middle jump ball. The second and third quarters should start with the team that lost the ball after the kick-off in the first quarter throwing a foul ball at the finish line. In the fourth quarter, the team that gets the ball immediately after the kick-off in the first quarter should start by throwing a foul ball at the finish line. 5. Dead ball, live ball, pressure ball When the following situations occur, the ball becomes a dead ball: fighting for the ball; The ball stays on the basket or gets stuck between the basket and the backboard; Any period of time is over; A free throw for a technical foul; Personal foul (boxing foul, non-competition foul); The first of many free throws; Foul on the court (take the ball for 3 seconds, 10 seconds, 24 seconds, etc. ); Foul in a fight; Supervision post; After successful shooting or free throw; Before the players go out of bounds. The ball survives in the following situations: in any jump ball, when the referee throws the ball; When the player who throws the foul ball can handle the ball; When the penalty taker can handle the ball. The ball becomes a dynamic ball under the following circumstances: when the ball is legally shot by the jumper; When the ball leaves the hand of the player who throws the foul ball; When the ball leaves the free throw player's hand. (Copyright of China Basketball Referee Network, please indicate the source:) 6. Substitutes should report their names and numbers to the recorder and stay in the substitute area in front of the recorder. If you don't report to the recorder, you will be fined $25. When the ball becomes a dead ball (except after the successful shooting), the recorder will whistle to announce the substitution, and the substitute players need to be signaled by the referee to enter the game. The time to replace a disqualified player is 30 seconds. After the first free throw of many free throws, substitutes are allowed to enter the game regardless of whether the free throw is correct or not. A substitute shall not replace a free throw player or a jumper unless the injured player asks for a replacement. In this case, the coach of the opposing team shall choose a substitute on the team seat of the free throw (jumper) side. The injured players can't play any more. Once the substitute enters the game, he must stay on the field until the next dead ball. If a player is injured due to unethical behavior and cannot execute a free throw, his coach can designate any qualified player in the team to execute a free throw. Injured players can also play again. 7. Pause (L) for l)20 seconds. Every half hour, each team has the right to ask for a 20-second timeout. Every game (including overtime) * * * can require two 20-second timeouts. A player asks for a 20-second timeout, which will only be suspended when the ball is dead or the team has control of the ball. Players should shout "20-second timeout". During the 20-second timeout, the team can only change one player. If the suspended team is asked to replace a player, the opposing team can also replace a player. If a second 20-second timeout is required at halftime (including overtime), it should be allowed, but the regular timeout should be registered. If the game cannot continue at the end of 20 seconds, you should also register for a regular timeout. (2) Regular suspension (100 second) Each team has the right to request a regular suspension of registration for 7 times. The fourth quarter limits each team to no more than 4 timeouts; In the last two minutes of the fourth quarter, there shall be no more than three pauses. In overtime, each team is allowed to pause three times. The player requests a time-out of 100 second, which will only be given if the ball is dead or the team controls the ball. Players should shout: "Time out". There must be two pauses in each game. If no team calls a timeout with 6 minutes and 59 seconds left in each game, the recorder should take a mandatory timeout at the first dead ball, and this timeout should be registered in the name of the home team. No team calls a second timeout when there are 2 minutes and 59 seconds left in each game, and the recorder has to force a timeout when the ball is dead for the first time. This timeout is registered in the name of the team that has not been registered in this section before. Additional timeouts are allowed, but a technical foul will be awarded. When the game is suspended, the head coach can ask for a 20-second or 100-second timeout. (All rights reserved by China Basketball Referee Network, please indicate the source:) 8.24-second rule When a team gets a new ball right in the game or the ball is thrown out of bounds, it is legally touched by the player on the court, and the 24-second timer will start counting. The team that owns the ball must shoot within 24 seconds after getting the ball. The conditions for completing shooting are: (1) Before the end of 24 seconds, the ball must leave the player's hand; (2) After the ball leaves the player's hand, it must touch the basket itself. If the ball doesn't touch the basket within 24 seconds, it's a 24-second violation. (2) Violation and punishment: 1.3 seconds. Team one holds the ball, and the players shall not stay in the restricted area for more than 3 seconds. One team controls the ball in the frontcourt and starts counting for 3 seconds. Penalty: Lose the ball. Give the ball to the opponent and throw a foul ball on the extended free throw line. 2. Elbow Swing: Players are not allowed to swing their elbows excessively or forcefully (no contact). When the defender is nearby and the attacker takes the ball, it is a foul. Penalty: Lose the ball. Give the ball to the opponent and throw a foul ball on the sideline near the foul. 3. Players who illegally assist in scoring shall not use the hoop or backboard to lift, support or improve themselves to help score shots. When shooting, a competitor shall not assist his companion to increase his height. Penalty: Lose the ball. Give the ball to the opponent and throw a foul ball on the extended free throw line. 4. Isolation If the attacking party arranges three or more players outside the top of the circle or on the side without the ball, it shall be sentenced to violation. Penalty: Lose the ball. Award the ball to the opponent and throw a foul ball on the sideline of the extension line at the top of the circle. 5. Out-of-bounds attack cover attackers are not allowed to leave the ground area of the frontcourt end line in order to establish cover. Penalty: Lose the ball. Give the ball to the opponent and throw a foul ball on the extended free throw line. 6. Sticky substances Players are not allowed to use sticky substances or any similar substances. Penalty: a fine of $25 for the first violation. If you violate it again, the fine will be doubled. (3) Foul and its penalty 1. Technical foul is a punishment for unethical or illegal behavior of players on the court or on the team table. Illegal contact with opposing players before the ball survives can also be judged as a technical foul. (1) Any player, coach or trainer who has no sportsmanship can be fined up to two technical fouls. Any violator who has no sportsmanship once can be dismissed; In both cases, immoral behavior must be expelled. Sportsless behavior, such as: it is impolite to talk to the referee; Physical contact referee; Express public dissatisfaction with the verdict; Use obscene language; The coach entered the venue without the permission of the referee; Stretch your elbow intentionally or try to tamper with it, but it doesn't involve contact. There are also some technical fouls that are not caused by immoral behavior, such as: delaying the game; Violation of the team seating area; When the ball becomes a dynamic ball, the number of people on the field is not enough or more than 5; The attacker deliberately hangs on the basket or backboard and so on. Touching the ball illegally during the dead ball, if it is considered immoral, can be sentenced to technical foul; If the contact is unnecessary and excessive, it can be judged as a malicious foul. (All rights reserved by China Basketball Referee Network, please indicate the source:) (2) Players, coaches or trainers who fight during a foul match or a dead ball should register a technical foul without penalty, and those who take part in the fight should be dismissed immediately. In addition, according to the situation, the fighter will be fined not more than $20,000 and suspended. In NBA games, the penalty for foul is more severe. An athlete, coach or trainer can be dismissed under the following circumstances: the elbow foul is at or below the contact shoulder level; Technical foul without sports moral behavior; A malicious foul caused by unnecessary or excessive contact. Athletes, coaches or trainers must be dismissed if they commit the following acts: boxing foul; Foul in a fight; Elbow foul is higher than the level of contact shoulder; Trying to punch without contact; Not the continuation of the game, but deliberately entering the stands. In order to punish and stop fouls, there are also provisions on fines in NBA rules. For example, if the referee thinks that the player is hanging from the basket on purpose, he should be sentenced to a technical foul and fined 100 USD; The first technical foul was fined 100 USD for immoral behavior, the second technical foul was fined 150 USD, and so on. 2. Personal foul illegal physical contact with the opposing team after the ball survived. This is a personal foul. Players are not allowed to pull, push or bump other players; Nor are you allowed to stretch your arms, legs, knees or bend your body into an abnormal posture to hinder the progress of the opposing team members. Violation of the regulations will be judged as a personal foul and will be punished according to relevant penalties. (1) Foul on both sides A foul on both sides means that two players who are not on the same team have personal or technical fouls on each other almost at the same time. Punishment: individual or technical fouls will not be punished, only players will be recorded for fouls, not the whole team. If a team owns the ball when both sides are convicted of a foul or a fight foul, it should keep the ball and throw a foul ball on the sideline near the place where the game was interrupted to continue the game. If neither side owns the ball when the foul is declared, or the ball is in the air when the shot is missed, any two players from different teams should jump the ball in the middle circle to continue the game. If the shot is successful and the score is valid, throw the foul ball at the baseline to continue the game. If the foul of both sides is the result of different opinions of the referees, no points will be scored, and any two players from different teams will jump the ball in the middle circle to continue the game. (All rights reserved by China Basketball Referee Network, please indicate the source:) (2) Offensive foul. After the ball survives, the attacking player makes illegal contact with the opposing player, which is an offensive foul. Personal foul of the attacker, if not elbow foul, boxing foul, or malicious foul, should be dealt with as follows: the attacker does not score; Register a foul player and commit a personal foul; Do not register the team's in-team foul (except for the sixth personal foul of the team and the team has no qualified substitute). (3) No-ball foul After the ball becomes a dynamic ball, it is a no-ball foul to make illegal contact with the opposing team without the ownership of the ball. If a player commits a personal foul, if it is not a boxing foul, a malicious foul or an elbow foul, and neither side owns the ball at the time of the foul, it will be punished as follows: (1) register the fouled player as a personal foul; Register a foul team for team foul; If the team's foul penalty does not appear, the opposing team is sentenced to throw a foul ball on the sideline near the foul place; If there is a team foul penalty, the infringed player will be awarded a penalty plus points. If the defender is convicted of a foul without possession of the ball, and then the shot (free throw) is successful, the fouled side should be fined, making it possible for him to score 3 or 4 points. This rule applies to: no matter which offensive player fouls; Regardless of whether the team fouls or not. If the attacker is convicted of a foul without possession of the ball, and then the attacker succeeds in shooting, no points will be scored. (4) Boxing foul It is a boxing foul for an athlete to slam his opponent with his fist. It is a personal foul and a team foul for a player to be convicted of illegal contact because of boxing. Should be awarded a penalty, regardless of whether the penalty is successful or not, should be awarded to the infringed team to throw a foul ball in midfield. Any player who punches his opponent, whether he hits or not, is immoral. He should be fired immediately and stop at least one game. This rule applies to the game in progress and the dead ball state. If boxing fouls occur one after another, all the contents of this rule will be applied, and the team that was finally fouled will throw a foul ball in the midfield. In addition, according to the situation, the player was fined not more than $20,000 and was suspended. (5) Non-match foul In the last two minutes of the fourth quarter or overtime, the defender and the attacker made illegal contact with the ball, and this contact occurred in the area far away from the ball or when the foul ball did not leave, which was a non-match foul penalty: registered individual foul and team foul; A free throw (elbow foul or malicious foul twice) can be executed by any player on the field; And the infringing team threw a foul ball near the place where the game was interrupted to continue the game. (6) Team foul: each team fouls more than 4 times in each game, and each team fouls more than 3 times in overtime, and the penalty points will be added. (In China basketball, if the team fouls less than 4 times within 10 minutes before each festival, or less than 3 times within 3 minutes before overtime, the team is allowed to make a team foul in the last two minutes without additional punishment. If the player who is shooting has a personal foul, he will be sentenced to two free throws, and if there is a team foul penalty, he will not be sentenced to additional free throws; If the shooting is successful, a penalty will be awarded, and if there is a team foul penalty, no additional penalty will be awarded. In other words, a successful two-point shooting can get up to 3 points, and a successful three-point shooting can get up to 4 points.