Zhenghe county traditional culture

Zhenghe County is located in the north of Fujian Province, adjacent to the south of Zhejiang Province. Cultural politics and county culture have a long history. From June 65438 to September 0986, the Provincial Cultural Management Committee and the Provincial Museum Census Team conducted a census. According to the survey results, there are 36 sites of Shang and Zhou Dynasties in this county, and many precious cultural relics have been unearthed, including stone hairpin in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, bronze sword and embossed pottery beans, jars, urns and ding in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Since the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism has spread widely in politics and society, and folk cremation has prevailed. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that cremation was gradually replaced by burial. There are more than 200 Buddhist temples in the county, including 33 in Tang Dynasty, 33 in Song Dynasty, 29 in Yuan Dynasty, 24 in Ming Dynasty and 40 in Qing Dynasty. Ancient political and folk cultural activities include lantern festivals, temple fairs and festivals, and drama is one of the important activities. Although there are no local operas, Peking Opera, Yue Opera, Gan Opera, Tea Lantern Opera and Puppet Opera have all been popular in politics. Siping opera flowed into Zhenghe in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and has been preserved ever since. There is now Siping Opera Amateur Troupe in Yangyuan Township. Drama and movies were introduced in the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, the cultural undertakings in the county have gradually developed. From 65438 to 0990, there were 1 cultural center, 1 library and 1 bookstore, 8 township cultural centers and cultural stations, 65 country clubs and 34 professional cultural households in the county. There are 9 cinemas in the county with a total seating capacity of 8,620, 34 film projection teams in rural areas, factories and mines, and 25 individual projection households. There are radio stations, TV stations 1 unit, special broadcasting line1.280km, 28 TV differential turntables, satellite ground receiving stations 10, 44 transmitters, 20,000 TV sets1.3,000 broadcast speakers. The ancient education in Zhenghe County flourished in the Song Dynasty. During the Xuanhe period, Zhu Song, the county magistrate, founded Xingxi Academy and Yungen Academy. His son Zhu, a Dali scholar, took advantage of the opportunity of politics and grave-sweeping to give lectures at Yungen College, so he has the reputation of "the hometown of ancient saints". The education system of libraries, social sciences, academies and learning palaces in the county is perfect, with 52 scholars 17 in all previous dynasties. At the end of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, the academy was converted into a primary school hall. In 7 years of the Republic of China (19 18), there were 25 primary schools in urban and rural areas of the county, and Jiandong Normal School was established in the county. 10 (192 1), Zhenghe junior high school was established. 17 (1928), Pei ladies primary school was established. Since then, due to insufficient education funds, the school has been closed. By 1949, there were only 1 1 primary and secondary schools in the county, with 30 teachers and 263 students. After the founding of New China, the Party and the people's government attached great importance to the development of education. By 1978, there were 448 primary and secondary schools in the county, with staff 1767 and 33,799 students. 1990, there were 45 kindergartens in the county, 129 classes, with 2,256 children in the kindergarten, the enrollment rate was 36.04%, and the teaching staff 183 people. Complete primary schools 128, junior primary schools (232), pupils (2362 1 person) and teaching staff 1490; There are 2 complete middle schools, 7 junior middle schools, 7,324 middle school students and 5 16 faculty members. Vocational middle school 1 school, students 148, 7 faculty members. There are 375 students per 10,000 people in the county, the enrollment rate is 99.2 1%, the literacy rate is 96%, and the education popularization rate is 98.58%. From 1977 to 1990, the county transported 843 freshmen from universities and 582 freshmen from technical secondary schools. From 65438 to 0982, correspondence radio and television universities, self-study exams, secondary schools and adult secondary schools were successively set up. 1990, the number of students in RTVU was 139, and the number of self-taught students was 30 1. The county implements nine-year compulsory education. In Zhenghe county, Chinese herbal medicines have been circulated since ancient times, and doctors have passed them down from generation to generation. In the Qing dynasty, Chinese medicine practitioners raised funds to open Chinese medicine shops in the county, and there were three in Guangxu period. During the Republic of China, there were more than 30 Chinese medicine shops in the county. 15 years (1926), western medicine began to go into politics. In 27 years, the county health center opened a western medicine clinic. Until the eve of liberation, there were few administrative and western medicines. 1949, there was only one hospital in the county with 5 employees, while western medicine only had 1 person. After the establishment of New China, the county initially formed a three-level medical network of 1958. At that time, the Red Star People's Commune Herbal Research Station collected more than 300 secret recipes of folk herbs and compiled them into a book, which was praised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1990 There are hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, health and epidemic prevention stations, maternal and child health centers, health education centers, family planning service centers, township hospitals and village clinics. There are 388 beds and 487 medical staff in the county. Medical equipment includes high-power microscope, large X-ray machine, A-type B-ultrasound, electrocardiogram, gastroscope, etc. Remarkable achievements have been made in the prevention and control of endemic diseases and infectious diseases. 195 1 year ended the plague epidemic, 1952 eliminated smallpox, 1953 cut off cholera and 1977 basically eliminated filariasis. After 1980, infectious diseases such as diphtheria, leprosy and dysentery were basically controlled. Zhenghe is a small mountainous county with few historical celebrities, but it is also commendable. Chen Chaolao, a student of the Song Dynasty, and Chen Huan, an assistant envoy of the Ming Dynasty, are both concerned about the country and the people and willing to be poor. It is their duty to write a letter for the country and the people. Shao Zhirou, a bachelor from imperial academy in Song Dynasty, was born in Longtuge. He taught Chinese studies and Oriental Palace all his life, but he was honest and upright, which was praised by people. Huang Hua, the leader of the peasant uprising in the Yuan Dynasty, and two teenagers who fought against Japan in the Ming Dynasty, died for the people as if they were dead. They were really rare talents in ancient times. * * * party member Yang Zeshi, Chen Guifang and other revolutionary predecessors, for the people to turn over and liberate, risking their lives, do their best, and die, which is even more glorious. Zhenghe County is a poverty-stricken area with frequent natural disasters. Since ancient times, there have been social warehouses, voluntary warehouses, nursing homes, nurseries and other relief charities. Dongping Shecang, Chengxi Orphanage and Chengdong Nursery in Qing Dynasty are famous. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the county people's government allocated a lot of money and materials to help the poor, and established and improved various social security organizations and systems. 1990, there are 9 township social welfare foundations in the county, raising 500,000 yuan for poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation and disability assistance. There are 8 township nursing homes, 2 village nursing homes, 1 county welfare homes and 6 county welfare factories in the county.