How did Athens establish a democratic political system through reform in the process of city-state formation?

Through Solon's reform, Cristini's reform and Perikles's reform, the process of political democratization in Athens was continuously promoted, and finally the democratic politics with Athenian characteristics was formed.

In 594 BC, Solon, the arbitrator elected by both sides, reformed and laid the foundation of democracy in Athens. In 509 BC, Christian reformed the regional organization to replace the blood organization as the administrative unit of the country, which promoted the development of democracy in Athens.

In 443 BC, the reform in Pericles transferred power to the citizens' assembly, people's court and 500-member parliament, which brought the development of democratic politics to a new level.

Extended data:

The Characteristics of Athenian Democracy during Pericles's Administration;

1, official positions at all levels (except ten generals) are open to the public by lottery.

2. The 500-member conference is governed by the people's jury, and the aristocratic conference loses all political rights.

3. Pay wages or subsidies to citizens who hold public office or engage in city-state activities.

The core of Athenian democracy is the direct participation of citizens. In principle, citizens have the right to decide and manage state affairs through elections and hold government posts at all levels.

This advanced ancient political system created a wide range of opportunities for citizens to participate in politics, stimulated citizens' freedom and pioneering spirit, and promoted the social, economic and cultural development of Athens, which was historic and progressive.

However, Athenian democracy also has its historical limitations. This is democracy within the citizens of the city-state. Only adult male citizens really enjoy rights, and women, foreigners and slaves are excluded.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Democracy in Athens