trait
content
admit
middle
country
(early) morning
period
politics
manage
manufacture
degree
Summer (2070 BC-65438 BC+0600 BC)
Patriarchal enfeoffment system has a strong blood relationship and a strong autocratic color.
The Xia Dynasty established the first country in the history of our country and initiated the hereditary throne system.
The relationship between enfeoffment system and patriarchal clan system;
Feudalism and patriarchal clan system are the two pillars of the political system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, both external and internal.
Influence: Patriarchal clan system ensures the monopoly and privileged position of nobles in politics, and is also conducive to the stability and unity within the ruling group. It has had a far-reaching impact on China society.
Quotient (original 1600- original 1046)
(2) During the Shang Dynasty, there was a national administrative system from the central government to the local government.
Western Zhou Dynasty (1045-77 1 year ago)
1. The enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty ("seal the state, build vassals widely, and vassals protect the Zhou Dynasty." )
2. The patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty (core: eldest son inheritance system)
Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC)
Patriarchal feudalism was destroyed.
1. Warlords compete for hegemony
2. The Zhou royal family lost its position as the master of the world.
Stage characteristics
Central official system
local administration
admit
middle
centre
collect
correct
manufacture
degree
about
shape
success
hair
exhibit
Warring States period (budding): (475 BC-2265438 BC +0 years)
The establishment of feudal system
1. The monarch was renamed "Wang"
2. Reform in various countries (Zou Ji of Qi State, Shang Yang of Qin State)
Shang Yang's reform established the county system.
Centralization established the basic model of the feudal social and political system for two thousand years.
1, the basic contents include: ① imperial system. ② Central administrative system. The core of the local administrative system is to concentrate all power on the emperor.
2. The characteristics of centralization are: ① the principle of supremacy of imperial power. (2) the throne hereditary. (3) Officials are appointed and removed by the emperor. (4) The emperor made decisions and exercised arbitrary powers such as legislation, judicature and administration. (5) Advocating "divine right of monarchy". 6 ideological and cultural autocracy.
3. The basic contradictions under centralization are: ① the contradiction between the central government and local separatist forces. (2) The contradiction between imperial power and relative power (the contradiction within the central government).
4. Features of China's ancient political system: centralization of absolutism from Han Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty. In the central government, the relative power is weakening and the monarchical power is strengthening. In the relationship between the central government and local governments, the central government strictly controls local governments and does not allow an independent administrative system to exist.
5, the role of centralization:
(1) Positive role: it is conducive to national unity and territorial integrity. (2) It is conducive to national integration, regional economic and cultural exchanges and development.
(2) Negative effects: ① autocratic imperial power leads to corruption and stifles ideas. ② The late feudal society hindered the budding development of capitalist relations of production.
Qin dynasty (established):
(22 1 year ago -207 years ago)
Establishment of autocratic centralization system
The formation of centralization
Emperor system: the supremacy of imperial power
Central official system: three public officials and nine ministers.
Selection and examiner system
County system:
Thirty-six counties were set up, and then increased to forty counties, and the county magistrate was appointed by the central government.
Han dynasty (consolidation)
202-220 years ago)
Han inherited the Qin system,
China and North Korea-Decision Making
Foreign Korea-Executive
Shangshutai-hub
The county-state system was parallel in the early Han Dynasty.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's favor imperial edict was divided into thirteen states, with a secretariat.
Three kingdoms and two Jin dynasties
Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties (220-589)
The system of three provinces has gradually taken shape.
the State Council
Zhongshu province in three provinces
Menxia province
Sui and Tang Dynasties
(perfect)
58 1-907
Innovation: Three Provinces Coordinated Containment
Central province-decision-making body
The province under the door-the deliberative body
Shangshu Province-executing agency (composed of six departments)
After the "An Shi Rebellion" in the middle Tang Dynasty, there were many buffer towns, which led to the demise of the Tang Dynasty and frequent regime changes.
Northern Song Dynasty (Strengthening)
960- 1 127
Relative power was further weakened and imperial power was strengthened.
Er Fu: Under the door of Zhongshu
Privy Council
Participation in politics-the power of separation.
Three divisions-managing finance and separating financial power.
1, take good soldiers.
2. Cut off the real power
3. Money Valley
There are "three redundancies"
Yuan (development)
127 1— 1368
Create a provincial system
Zhongshu Province-the highest administrative organ
Cabinet of Ministers
Ming and Qing dynasties
(Strengthening, weakening)
The absolute monarchy gradually reached its peak.
Ming: 1. Abolish the prime minister system and divide power into six parts. 2. Establish a Cabinet.
Influence: The absolute monarchy reached a new height.
Cancel the province and set up three departments
Qing Dynasty: Yongzheng set up a military plane-autocratic monarchy reached its peak.
During the old democratic revolution (1840- 19 19)
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