Speaking of ancient football, many friends will immediately think of cuju in the Song Dynasty. Speaking of Cuju in Song Dynasty, I believe more people will think of Gao Qiu, which is of course due to the influence of Water Margin. Gao Qiu is a real person in history. He really played a good game. He used to be a small official around Mr. Su Dongpo. Because of his superb skills, he was appreciated by the king, and he rose all the way to the court. Compared with Gao Qiu's skill, the present China team probably stands out from the crowd, but in the Song Dynasty, it was not his turn to be the first cuju player. Ding Wei in the Song Dynasty and Li Bangyan, the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, were both football masters, and there was also a scholar named Liu Sanfu, whose skills were superb. China's cuju reached its heyday in the Song Dynasty, and it became popular all over the world. Up to the royal family, dignitaries, down to pawns and children with yellow mouths, they all take cuju as their pleasure. Numerous excellent Cuju players emerged at one time. There were royal football teams in the north and south of Song Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty also included a starting list of the Royal Football Team, named 32: Zuo Jun 16: Youjun 16, including Zhang Jun, Qiao Lian, Zhengbei Zhu Xuan, Toubei Shize, Zhang Lin and Li Sanchun: Li Zheng, Ball Head, Zhu Zhen, Zhu Xuan, Zhang Ning, Bin Xu, Wang Yong and Zhu Xuan. The Royal Football Team will hold a wonderful exhibition match during the grand festival. When foreign envoys visit, the Royal Football Team will also perform at banquets as a diplomatic activity to receive foreign guests. In the neighboring countries of Song Dynasty, Cuju was popular in Liao, Korea and Jin. Theoretically, it was completely feasible to organize an international football friendly match and invitational tournament at that time. Cuju was also very popular in the Song Dynasty. When we read the poems and songs of the Song Dynasty, we can feel the Song people's love for cuju: BMW roared the windmill and beat the hub, the East City bowed to Jixi City, and talked about the cuju competition in the city; I knew this when I was a child in the countryside. There are noisy cuju courts everywhere, talking about the cuju games of rural teenagers. I danced with Yan, tied my head, wore red boots and played hydrangea. It's about women's cuju in the Song Dynasty. In the cities of Song Dynasty, Washe Goulan can be seen everywhere, which is the entertainment center of Song people. There is a commercial football performance in Washe every day, and citizens can go in and watch it as long as they buy tickets. Some restaurants and teahouses also organize cuju performances to attract guests. For example, in a city in the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a restaurant called Corner Shop and a teahouse called Huangjianzui Cuju Teahouse, where guests could drink and drink tea and watch football exhibition matches. Having said that, officials may ask: Is the game of Cuju in the Song Dynasty the same as it is today? Is this a football match? There are two ways to play Cuju in Song Dynasty. One is to fight for nothing and have no goal. The two teams sent the same number of players to perform in turn on the court, hitting the ball with head, shoulders, back, knees, feet and other body parts, and making various difficult moves without falling to the earth. The judges will score points separately, and the one with the best skills will win. Obviously, white kicking emphasizes skill and appreciation, which is somewhat similar to double football. Another way of playing is to build the ball, which emphasizes confrontation more. In the middle of the stadium, a big goal will be erected, about three feet high and ten feet wide. The net will be made of ribbon, leaving only a square net called the eye of the wind. The two sides sent twelve players of different colors to stand on both sides of the goal to form a confrontation between the left and right armies. With Zuo Jun's right army, there are roles such as ball head, seesaw ball, front pinch, head pinch, left net, right net and scattered stand. Each player stands in a different position and undertakes different tasks according to his role. There is also a deployment correction in each game, which is the referee. At the beginning of the game, the left and right armies decided which side to serve first by drawing lots. No matter which side serves first, the ball will be kicked out by the ball head, passed to the seesaw ball, and then held in front, head, left net, right net and
After the game, players from both sides bowed to each other as a sign of courtesy. The winner can get a silver bowl and brocade forging. If you lose the ball, you will be punished: you will be coated with white powder and whipped. So what kind of ball did the Song people play? Some readers may say that it is a solid ball or a rattan ball. No, this is an inflatable hollow ball, very close to modern football. The seamless square pipe in Song Dynasty belongs to a metallurgist who takes the bladder of cattle or pigs as the core. Covered with cowhide after inflation, with good toughness. Bouncing balls require a high degree of sphericity. The leather bow made in Tang Dynasty is made of eight pieces of leather, which is not round enough. The Song people sewed twelve pieces of nitrocellulose soft cowhide. Geometry tells us that twelve pentagons can just form a sphere. The leather bow sewn in this way is very round. Club cuju developed to the Song Dynasty, which can be said to be very mature. One of the signs is the emergence of Cuju organizations similar to Football Association and Football Club. There was a trend of free association in Song Dynasty, and people who loved Cuju could organize or join clubs and other societies. The most famous football club is the Club, also known as the Meta Club. The work of Yun Qi Club includes developing members, teaching and learning football skills, establishing associations to formulate rules and etiquette of cuju, evaluating players' technical level, and organizing football matches and performances. It is an autonomous organization of folk cuju. The general manager is the supervisor, equivalent to the president of the Football Association. There is a deputy director of the education department and a deputy director of the social department. Zhibin is responsible for the external reception and will be responsible for the competition. Sound organization and clear division of labor. There are various rules and regulations in Yun Qi society, which all members of the society must abide by. For example, members are required to pay attention to ten things: kindness, loyalty, sincerity, stop, gentleness, having friends, respect, humility, courtesy and spirituality; Observe the Ten Commandments: No talking, no gambling, no fighting, no mistakes, no arrogance, no cheating, no arrogance, no words and lawsuits, no frivolity and no drinking. These ten rules and commandments can be copied from the American football team as today's discipline. The rules of Cuju Competition in Song Dynasty were also formulated by Yun Qi society and were popular all over the country. Yun Qi Club organizes a National Cuju Invitational Tournament once a year, which was called Mountain Tournament at that time, similar to today's Super League. Before the competition, Yun Qi Society wanted to give a notice to teams from all over the world: Please know that all the disciples in this county are friends from all over the world. This year, Yun Qi's first competition is unique. Attend the sacrament when you come, and then spread your name. If Kim leaves the tourists, the balloon wins. The team must pay a certain fee. This is the so-called Xiang Jin. The final winner can get a prize. This is the so-called ball lottery. Mountain competition is also an evaluation of the team's technical level by the social progress in Yun Qi. Those who pass the competition can get a certificate, which is called a famous flag. The winner gets the name of his mountain, and the loser gets the name of his mountain. The Yun Qi Association sometimes organizes some business competitions. For example, at the invitation of dignitaries and wealthy businessmen, you can get rich bonuses by performing superb cuju skills. Therefore, the football masters who joined the Yun Qi Club at that time were often high earners. There is a poem that can prove that all the world clubs are heroic and have no worries about food and clothing. More generally, the prince is a guest. Nowadays, American football stars live a high-quality life, and that's all.