First, plane mirror imaging.
1, the selected equipment: 2 identical candle models, 1 8 cut white paper, 1 coated glass plate (with fixed bracket), 1 scale (above 20cm). Additional equipment: 1 convex lens and 1 flat mirror.
2. Assembly
3. Move the candle on the horizontal desktop to find the image.
4. The unlit candle B coincides with the image of the lit candle A, and the positions of A and B are marked.
5. Change the object distance and repeat 3 and 4.
6. Then change the object distance and repeat 3 and 4.
7. Draw the conclusion that "the objects are the same size".
8. Draw the object-image relationship of three experiments on white paper.
9. Measure the object distance and image distance with a scale, and draw the conclusion that "image distance equals object distance"
10, disassemble the equipment and put it back.
Distance from the second object to the plane mirror Distance from the cm image to the plane mirror Comparison between the cm image and the size of the object.
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three
Second, the imaging characteristics of convex lens-2f > u >; F time
1, optional equipment: optical bench 1, convex lens 1, focal length 120cm, light screen 1, candle 1, match 1 box or lighter, additional:/kloc-
2. Assembly
3. Adjust the center of convex lens, candle flame center and light screen center to the same height.
4, put the object somewhere within 2f > u.
5. Move the screen to find a clear image.
6. Write down the object distance and the nature of the image.
7, 8, change the object distance and 2f > u This experiment is done twice again.
9. Draw a conclusion:
10, demolition, return to original position
The relationship between object distance cm and focal length the essence of image
The actual situation is just the opposite.
Third, measure the density of the metal block.
1, optional equipment: 1 pallet balance (with weight), 1 measuring cylinder, 1 metal block (tied with fine wire), 1 beaker (filled with appropriate amount of water). Additional: 1 wood block and 1 beaker.
2. Assembly: (Adjust the balance in a horizontal position)
3. When measuring the quality with a balance, adjust the balance of the balance beam with the left object and the right code.
4. Use tweezers to pick and place heavy objects
5. Write down the mass of the metal block.
6. Add an appropriate amount of water to the measuring cylinder and record the volume of water (standard reading, look up).
7. Put the metal block into the measuring cylinder and record the total volume of the metal block and water.
8. Calculate the volume of the metal block
9. Calculate the density of the metal block.
10, disassemble and put it back in place (measuring cylinder water is poured back into beaker)
The mass g of the metal block measures the volume ml of water in the cylinder into the total volume ml of the metal block, and the density ρ of the metal block.
Fourthly, explore whether the buoyancy of an object immersed in water is related to its depth.
1, optional equipment: 1 spring dynamometer (with appropriate range), 1 ruler (above 15cm), 1 large beaker (with proper amount of water), 1 iron block (tied with thin wire). Additional: beaker 1, trolley 1.
2. Assembly: Hang the iron block on the spring dynamometer.
3. Use an iron ring and a spring dynamometer.
4. Write down the instructions of the spring dynamometer (weight of iron)
5. Immerse the iron in water and write down the depth (write shallow, medium and deep).
6. Write down the instructions of the spring dynamometer and calculate the buoyancy.
7. Change the depth and repeat 5 and 6.
8, repeat 5, 6
9. Conclusion:
10, tear it down.
Number of experiments: weight of object g/ immersion depth of object n; Bomb indicator f pull /n buoyancy f float /N
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three
5. Explore the relationship between buoyancy and displaced liquid volume.
1. Optional equipment: spring dynamometer (suitable range, small dividing value), large beaker (filled with appropriate amount of water), large block (tied with thin thread, with volume not less than 40cm3) and additional (measuring cylinder, wood block).
2. Assembly: Hang the test block on the spring dynamometer.
3. Use an iron ring and a spring dynamometer.
4. Write down the gravity of the block.
5. Immerse a part of the wood block in water and record the immersed volume. Don't disturb the order of row V in the order of big, small and medium.
6. Write down the instructions of the spring dynamometer and calculate the buoyancy.
7. Increase the immersion volume of the block and repeat 5 and 6.
8. Repeat 5 and 6 when increasing the immersion volume of the block.
9. Summary:
10. Dismantle the equipment and put it back.
Experiment times: weight g, weight n, displacement liquid volume v, bomb indicator f, pulling force n, buoyancy f and float n.
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6. Explore the balance conditions of leverage.
1. Optional equipment: 1 set of graduated lever and its bracket, 1 box with tick mark, additional (iron frame, scale).
put together
3. Adjust the control lever in a horizontal position to maintain balance.
4. Hook codes are hung on both ends of the lever, which means that the lever is balanced in the horizontal position.
5. Write down the magnitude and arm of the force. (Without affecting the conclusion, record the number of tick codes. )
6. Change the force or arm and repeat 4 and 5.
7. Change the force or arm and repeat 4 and 5.
8. The three experiments should be universal (equal arms are counted once, and 2, 3 and 3, 2 are also counted once).
9. Draw a conclusion
10. Dismantle the equipment and put it back. (Record data and draw tables)
Experiment times power F 1 (hook code number) power arm L 1/cm resistance F2 (hook code number) resistance arm L2/cm
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7. Explore the relationship between sliding friction and pressure.
1. Optional equipment: 1 long board, 1 cuboid block with hook, 1 spring dynamometer (appropriate range), a box of hook code, additional lathe operator, 1 iron block.
Step 2 assemble
3. Pull the block with a spring dynamometer to make the block move on the board (without iron ring).
4. Pull the rope parallel to the board.
5. The block moves in a straight line at a uniform speed, which reduces the tension.
6. Write down the wiping force.
7. Change the pressure and repeat 3. 4。 5。 six
8. Change the pressure again and repeat 3. 4。 5。 six
9. Draw a conclusion
10, demolition
Friction force of indicator of double pressure spring dynamometer
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Eight, measuring the resistance of the resistor
1, equipment selection; 1 ammeter, 1 voltmeter, 1 0Ω fixed resistance, 1 50Ω sliding rheostat, 1 battery (connection between dry batteries),1switch, several wires, additional:/kloc-0.
2. Draw the experimental circuit diagram.
3. Connect the circuit according to the circuit diagram.
4, ammeter and voltmeter with small range.
5. Before closing the starting end, the slider of the rheostat is located at the end with the largest resistance.
6. At the beginning of closing, take a certain voltage and record the readings of ammeter and voltmeter.
7. Change the voltage and write down the ammeter and voltmeter.
8. Change the voltage again and write down the readings of ammeter and voltmeter.
9. Calculate the resistance of the fixed-value resistor.
10, demolition, return to original position
Secondary voltage u/v current I/a resistance r/ω
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Nine, measuring the electric power of small bulbs
1. Optional equipment: ammeter 1, voltmeter 1, 2.5V light bulb 1, 50Ω sliding rheostat 1, 3 dry batteries with battery boxes (to be connected between dry batteries), beginning with 1, and some additional wires:
Step 2 draw a circuit diagram
3. Connect the circuit according to the circuit diagram.
4, voltmeter and ammeter with small range
5. Before closing the switch, the slider of the rheostat is located at the end with the largest resistance.
6. Close the switch and adjust the voltmeter reading to 2.5V to complete the follow-up experiment.
7. Adjust the reading of voltmeter to below 2.5V to complete the follow-up experiment.
8. Adjust the reading of voltmeter to 3V to complete the follow-up experiment.
9. Get the relationship between the electric power and brightness of the small bulb.
10. Dismantle the equipment and put it back.
Multiplied by voltage u/v current I/a electric power p/w bulb brightness
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10. Explore the voltage law of series circuit
1. Optional equipment: voltmeter 1, 5 Ω 1 0 Ω 20 Ω fixed resistor 1, 2 dry batteries with battery box (connected) switch 1, several wires, additional (ammeter 1, switch.
2. Draw the circuit diagram of the experiment
3. Connect the equipment according to the circuit diagram.
4. Small range voltmeter
5. Close the switch and measure the voltage on each resistor and the total voltage across the two resistors respectively.
6. Write down three voltage values (the table is designed by itself)
7. Change a resistor and repeat 5 and 6.
8. Change another resistor and repeat 5 and 6.
9. It is concluded that the sum of the voltages of all parts in the series circuit is equal to the power supply voltage (UAC=UAB+UBC).
10. Dismantle the equipment and put it back.
The voltage between AB, U 1 /V BC, U2/V AC, utotal/v.
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XI。 Explore the relationship between the current on the resistor and the voltage at both ends.
1. Optional equipment: ammeter 1, voltmeter 1, 50Ω sliding rheostat 1, 1 0 Ω resistor 1, 2 dry batteries, with battery box, switch1wire, additional.
Draw a circuit diagram
3. Connect objects according to the circuit diagram
4. Connect the small-range process ammeter and voltmeter.
5. Before closing the switch, the sliding blade of the sliding rheostat is located at the end with the largest resistance.
6. Close the switch and record the readings of ammeter and voltmeter at the first measuring point.
7. Change the voltage at both ends of the resistor, and do five experiments (power supply voltage is not allowed to be changed).
8. The measurement conforms to the "whole process". Equidistant "requirement (6 times)
9. It is concluded that the current on the conductor is proportional to the voltage on the conductor when the resistance is constant.
10. disassemble the equipment and put it back (dry batteries are not allowed to be disassembled) r =10Ω.
Multiplied by 1 234 56
Voltage U/V
Current I/A
12. Explore the interaction between electricity and magnetism (1, the existence of current magnetic field 2, the conditions for generating induced current)
1, equipment selection; There are 1 small magnetic needle and bracket, 1 wire about 50㎝ long, 1 dry battery with battery box, 1 switch.
Additional; There are 1 voltmeter and 1 bar magnet. 2. the third group. Put the straightened wire above the small magnetic needle, and the small magnetic needle will deflect obviously after being electrified. After the power is cut off, the small magnetic needle will return to its original position (controlled by the switch).
4, power on, power on for three times, observe the phenomenon 5, draw a conclusion.
6. Select equipment Select equipment: square coil 1 horseshoe magnet 1, iron frame 1 sensitive galvanometer 1, and several wires 7. Group.
8. In the vertical direction, oblique direction and parallel direction, only the coil moves. Observe the indication of galvanometer 9 and draw a conclusion.
10. Dismantle the equipment and put it back in place.
Number of experiments: Is the magnetic needle deflected?
The switch is closed and the switch is open.
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three
Does the galvanometer deflect in the direction of the secondary winding?
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