Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "Life is like a fountain, and articles are like streams. Spring water is abundant, and the stream is naturally lively day and night. "
In fact, writing is like a fountain, it is a natural expression of thoughts and feelings, not anything else. Compared with adults, students live a simple, sincere and happy life. This is the "real" life of students, and this is the "source" of students' composition. If you are unhappy in your heart, you can vent it through composition to achieve inner peace; I am happy in my heart, and I feel calm after speaking it through my composition. In the composition, you can go to heaven and go to earth, calling for wind and rain; You can connect thousands of miles and look at the past and present; You can laugh, you can scold and you can enjoy yourself. If so, the composition can be expressed incisively and vividly, and the content is substantial and meaningful.
So how can we improve students' writing level?
First, be willing to observe and be good at observing.
There are countless people, things, things and sights in the world. Life is an ocean, and there is no shortage of materials. What is missing is the eyes of discovery. However, students' compositions are often empty, not because they are not good at observation, but because they are not good at observation and are not properly guided when observing. Therefore, as long as we guide students to roam in the ocean of life, observe and experience, urge them to discover things that have never been discovered before, get fresh feelings, make them have a strong interest in writing, and let students paint this colorful world with their own pens.
1. Look carefully.
Students should be taught to pay attention to everything around them. If you want to write about a familiar person, you must first determine the object of observation, and then try to get close to him and observe his portrait, clothes, speech, manners, inner activities and so on. In case you are "in this mountain" or "don't know your true face". It can also guide students to make detailed and in-depth observation by using various sensory organs to improve the quality of observation. For example, when guiding students to observe chrysanthemums, we should first understand the shape, color and posture of chrysanthemums through vision; Then through the sense of smell, smell its floral fragrance; Then touch its entity by touch; Finally, taste through taste.
2. Observe with emotion.
In the process of observing objective things, students are usually accompanied by certain emotions. If you see beautiful scenery and enjoy sweet music, you will feel relaxed and happy; Seeing ugly things and hearing harsh voices will generally produce disgust and hatred. There are also some students who are careless in observation, indifferent to the observed objects, writing articles without anger and arrogance, and lack true feelings. It can be seen that it is necessary and very important to train students to observe with emotion and reach the realm of "looking for an image to enter the country, knowing God from things and learning from it" as the ancients said.
Second, be willing to accumulate and be good at accumulating.
Mr. Ye Shengtao once said, "What students wrote must have been saved by students." Student composition is a process of life accumulation and a reflection of students' real life. In the article "Send it to Young Readers", I made such an incisive analysis of the difficulties of students' writing: "Do you sometimes feel speechless when you lift a pen, and sometimes the colors and images of the scenery flash before your eyes, but you can't describe them with a pen?" ..... "Nothing to say" means that there is no accumulation of life, and "unspeakable" means that there is no accumulation and expression of language.
1, life accumulation, solve the problem of "nothing to say".
Attention should be paid to guiding students' eyes to natural life, school life, family life and social life, and guiding students to be conscientious people who accumulate materials.
(1) Participate in life and integrate into life.
Students are not outsiders in life. We should not only cultivate students' ability to understand life, but also guide them to consciously participate in life and organize activities, so that students can accumulate typical writing materials. This is not only related to the success of composition teaching, but also related to whether the theme of composition can be deepened in the process of guiding students to understand life. For example, in the training of writing, it is far from enough to inspire students to choose materials only by relying on composition guidance. Students often can't remember and write for a while. Then, before writing a composition, students should be organized to carry out thematic activities in the form of impromptu speeches such as "Praise him (her)", "I admire him (her)" and "He (she) is so kind", so that students can have more time to deliberately recall and collect relevant materials about the characters they have written. This can stimulate students' desire to express characters, generate interest in composition, and choose typical materials to express the characteristics of characters.
② Experience life and realize life.
All experience and knowledge come from practice, and practice produces true knowledge. Students gain experience and insight in the process of participating in life, thus becoming the material of composition. Starting from the needs of composition teaching, students are guided to carry out social life practice activities in a planned way to accumulate composition materials. In practice, guide students to experience the feelings of life practice. For example, the joy of success in learning a skill; The joy of being praised by others for doing good deeds; Frustration when encountering some difficulties or setbacks; Angry at being criticized, misunderstood or even sarcastically attacked ... guide students to be good at putting all these things into their "material warehouse". With the accumulation of materials, they can write their compositions easily and conveniently.
2, language accumulation, to solve the problem of' can't say'.
Although a considerable number of students have accumulated rich life materials, they can't express them, or they don't express them accurately enough, or even think in disorder, which is related to their lack of sufficient language accumulation. Rich language accumulation comes from extensive reading. Du Fu, a "poet saint", said: "Reading is like breaking thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god." So, how to guide and train students to read thousands of books and read widely?
① Broaden the reading surface.
Teachers should always recommend reading materials to students. First, literary works suitable for students should focus on improving students' literary literacy. Second, excellent composition selection, etc., so that students can get inspiration in writing; Third, popular science books, reference books and other non-literary books, so as to broaden students' knowledge and prepare materials for students' practice.
② Use a reading card.
Students are required to refine and sort out the wonderful fragments, witticisms, idioms and famous sayings they encounter in their usual teaching articles or extracurricular reading, and write short reading comments or feelings to cultivate students' good reading habits.
③ Combination of targeted thematic reading and free reading.
Directional theme reading requires students to read books (or articles) in harmony with the styles of unit reading and unit composition in Chinese textbooks, thus improving the efficiency of reading and composition. Free reading means choosing materials according to students' respective interests, which embodies students' reading autonomy.