1000000000 calendar did not go to court for decades, which led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty. But obviously, Wanli failed to go to court, but most of the affairs were handled by the cabinet, so the military and political affairs of Wanli Dynasty were still handled by the cabinet.
Wild geese are running wild. Yandang is a scourge. Loyalty and kindness bend the law, corruption and tax evasion. In fact, Yandang was only a victim of the party and government in the late Ming Dynasty. I will talk about it in detail later;
3. Explain the corruption in Ming Dynasty;
4. Compared with the point of killing Yuan Chonghuan, 2. Yuan Chonghuan was called a traitor by the Ming Dynasty and praised by the Qing Dynasty. The biggest problem is to kill Mao and return to the army to save Beijing.
These are the common reasons for the demise of the Ming Dynasty. The following are the reasons listed one by one on the basis of summarizing previous articles.
1 The most important point-climate
The late Ming Dynasty caught up with the Little Ice Age that never happened in ten thousand years.
The winter of the "Little Ice Age" in the Ming Dynasty was very cold, especially at the end of 1580- 1650, which was the coldest in a thousand years, the second in ten thousand years, and the sixth to seventh in a million years, which was quite cold. It can be said that this is the coldest period since mankind entered civilization.
The Little Ice Age began in 1500. At this time, the temperature began to drop gradually. After 1600, the temperature dropped to the lowest point in 1000 years. The extreme cold in the north made the rainfall area generally move southward, which led to disasters all over the country in the Ming Dynasty. First, Qin Jin, then Heluo, then Qi, Lu, wuyue, Jingchu and Sanfu, and there was a nationwide drought. Grain production has been reduced, especially in northern Shaanxi. It is precisely because of the climate that the peasant uprising in Li Zicheng emerged.
The sharp drop in grain output led to the lack of grain and grass equipment of the Ming army in the front line of Ming and Jin Dynasties. In this case, the result of fighting with the late Jin army can be imagined. Therefore, when you read about the Ming-Jin War, you will find that the Ming army often fled because of lack of food and grass, and the latter Jin army belonged to nomadic people. They don't need to think about it at all. All they have to do is rob!
During Wanli and Chongzhen years, droughts became more and more frequent, and at the same time, plagues began to spread to several provinces in North China. Finally, a great plague broke out in Shanxi in the late Ming Dynasty, which spread to the Gyeonggi area, directly leading to the change of ownership in Beijing.
After the demise of the Ming Dynasty, the temperature began to rise rapidly after 1650, which led to the so-called "Kanggan Prosperity" in the Qing Dynasty. In fact, it was only after the temperature warmed up that the disaster situation weakened, far from the normal period of the Ming Dynasty.
In addition, a supernatural explosion happened in Beijing, and even today it is listed as one of the three unsolved mysteries in the world by relevant academic circles.
Daming, this is a disaster.
There was a three-year drought in Chongzhen.
Four years of drought.
Five years of drought.
In 6 years, Zhengzhou was flooded and the Yellow River was as hard as stone.
Seven-year summer drought locust.
8 years summer drought locust, Huaiqing Yellow River ice.
9 years summer drought locust, autumn Kaifeng Shangqiu flood.
10 summer locust, heavy snow in Shanxi in April.
1 1 year drought locust, a bare land thousands of miles away.
12 years, drought locust is short of water.
13 drought locust, Shangcai ground fissure, Luoyang earthquake, fighting for thousands of dollars, people eat people.
65438+From February 2004, there was a great famine, and summer locusts and migratory locusts ate wheat like wheat.
15 Huaiqing earthquake, September Kaifeng Yellow River flood.
This awesome weather has at least caused the current food price to rise several times, not to mention at that time.
Lindong Party
Some people will surely joke that the Lindong Party became the cause of the demise of the Ming Dynasty?
I can only say that you have been poisoned by Ming history and textbooks for too long.
Speaking of the party, I have to say that the Ming Dynasty, where Zhang and Zhang lived, was the most prosperous period in the late Ming Dynasty. The key is that after the success of the reform, the people have become rich. Zhang began to shift the focus of tax collection from agricultural tax to industrial and commercial tax (damn it, there will be industrial and commercial tax at that time), but it touched the interests of Jiangnan Industrial and Commercial Group. After Zhang's death, the party representing the interests of Jiangnan Industrial and Commercial Group came to power, and Emperor Wanli began to abolish industrial and commercial tax. Try to ask Daming's richest capitalist for money (this has also become one of the reasons why later generations criticized Wanli). Lindong's household refused to accept industrial and commercial tax Wanli, so they had to put the money into the internal treasury. N years later, the money was used to complete the three characteristics of Wanli. . (At least Wanli went to war with her coffers. )
Due to the intensification of the Little Ice Age, the development of various regions in China was unbalanced. The people in the north suffered from famine year after year, and the capitalists in the south were very rich, spending tens of thousands of silver on any transaction. What about Liaodong? Later, Jin invaded the national treasury on a large scale, but it was empty because there was only agricultural tax. This man, who was scolded by later generations, appeared on Wei Zhongxian. The first thing he did after he took office was to ask the capitalists represented by Lindong Party for money. At this time, the emperor basically asked for money every day. Making handicrafts and managing the imperial court naturally became the battleground between the Yen Group and Lindong Group. Lindong Group does not give money. Wei Zhongxian was eager to kill all the Lindong Group in the imperial court. Southern capitalists have no supporters and must pay the money. The national treasury is also very rich. There is no denying that Wei Zhongxian was the best form in Liaodong in those days. Check the specific content yourself.
The apocalypse didn't live long. Wei Zhongxian has no backer. Lindong Party rose again. The first thing is to kill Wei Zhongxian, and then stop levying industrial and commercial tax. As a result, the treasury ran out of money, and Li Zicheng and Zhang rebelled against the government for fear of starvation.
Although Chongzhen is hardworking, it is useless.
Southern capitalists have a good time all day. Northwest people gnaw at books and skins. The Ming army in Northeast China had no money to buy weapons, armor and grain. Chongzhen worries about the national treasury all day. Why can't Lindong Party continue to control state affairs?
Until the demise of the Ming Dynasty. . .
3 Ottoman Turkey
If you have studied the above two before, what is this? Which country in West Asia and the Middle East is looking for reasons? Yes, this country has something to do with the demise of the Ming Dynasty.
After the establishment of Ottoman Turkey, it expanded infinitely and eventually became a superpower boasting about Asia, Africa and Europe. The central and eastern Mediterranean became its inland sea, blocking the Silk Road.
Western countries began to worry about how to trade in the Far East. The east cannot go from the west. Anyway, the earth should be round and America has been discovered.
The arrival of the era of great navigation brought not only silver, but also some guns and wars.
Because of the strength of the Ming dynasty, Portugal and the Netherlands can only play the edge ball, but I can't occupy your center. As a result, the three countries found themselves wrong, even if I couldn't take the edge, what should I do?
When Portugal comes up with a good idea, I'll lend you Macao, but I'm usually in charge. I just want to use this land to pay rent every year. By this time, Daming has been messed up by famine and late gold, and I have no choice but to say that you can borrow something. Portugal is happy to say no problem (Macao was not lost in the Ming Dynasty, but rented to Portugal every year to pay rent)
Holland is bigger than Macau. I want Penghu and Taiwan Province Province directly. At this time, Taiwan Province Province is less than 10W. During the Ming Dynasty, the aborigines were not officially managed, which led to the smooth entry of the Netherlands into Taiwan Province Province and the construction of the city.
The appearance of Zheng Zhilong disrupted the Dutch plan, so the Dutch began to attack Zheng Zhilong's fleet, which eventually led to the naval battle in Boluo Bay, and the Netherlands lost without declaring war. . Since then, as the most powerful Dutch East India Company in the Far East, seeing China's fleet is just harassment, and there is no monopoly.
In this way, the Ming-Zheng fleet finally seized all the sea control rights in East Asia from Japan to the South China Sea. At that time, all ships sailing in East Asia had to spend money to buy Ming Zheng's flag. Without this flag, the probability of being intercepted in East Asia is over 50%. If it is only along the coast of Fujian, it is 100%. Finally, even the Dutch in Taiwan Province Province had to secretly buy flags in the name of Japanese ships, which was unprecedented for the Dutch who were only used to opening bank cards for other countries.
In fact, the invasion of western forces during the Ming Dynasty had little influence on Daming. I listed it just to shut some people up. Besides, Taiwan Province Province was recovered by Zheng Zhilong's son!
4 Yuan Chonghuan
The most controversial figure in China's history, people who hate him say he is a traitor, and those who like him say he is a god of war.
Yuan Chonghuan's greatest contribution to the demise of the Ming Dynasty was to kill Mao.
Mao should be regarded as one of the few figures engaged in the battlefield behind enemy lines in the history of China. He established a base in Pidao, North Korea, developed into the hinterland of the late Jin Dynasty, and reached the greatest power.
Mao's role is in North Korea, a small country with a large population, but he always wants to protect him with a large sum of money because of genetic defects. Daming is this rich man, and Mao was Daming's ambassador to protect North Korea in the past.
If there is hair, then North Korea is in North Korea, and then Daming can use the army to enter the territory of North Korea and attack the latter Jin from both sides, thus limiting the latter Jin's action (the latter Jin will fight hair from the east, then the latter Jin will fight hair, and the Ming regular army will hit you from the west).
It's a pity that Yuan Chonghuan inexplicably killed Mao, as if he had been dreamed by Huang Taiji.
Mao died, North Korea lost Daming, and the frontier position was gone.
It can be said that the biggest reason why Chongzhen killed Yuan Chonghuan was that he killed Mao Longwen. I believe you will kill me. Who were you before commanding my base? Plus Yuan Chonghuan can't wait for Huiyuan. He always thought there was something fishy with Huang Taiji, so he killed him.
Tragically, you killed Chongzhen too late.
Even after the death of Yuan Chonghuan, during the period of 10, the Ming army mainly dealt with the peasant army, and then the Jin army did not capture the defense line. Why? Because he is too difficult to fight, Shanhaiguan is even more difficult to fight.
In other words, whoever goes will stay, provided that you don't run!
5 rear gold ironware
I have to admit, as far as fighting is concerned, the late Jin fighters are the best and most powerful army before the hot weapons are fully popularized.
Later Jin people did not fight for their country, but for themselves. When I got the trophy, the gold and silver beauty didn't lose anything. I will work hard. The Ming army often confessed, and I lost. As long as I am not dead, I will continue to go home to farm and get nothing.
In this way, at that time, the invincible fighters of the late Jin Dynasty swept Liaodong.
Unfortunately, 200 years later, these people's grandchildren are also corrupt and don't look at them.
6 peasant army
In fact, the peasant army has nothing to say. If everyone has food, who will rebel if they eat it? Therefore, the climate and Lindong Party's policies are the foundation of the peasant army!
7 Ming government's blunder
Daming should kill all the peasant troops before sending troops to Liaodong!
8 enemies
In fact, the enemy has no influence. It's just that you're on Daming Coast.
Nine eunuchs
The biggest goal of eunuchs is to stand on their feet. How to crack down on the dissident Lindong Party? However, Huo Huo Daming is much stronger than the eunuch party, so there are many TV dramas, movies and history books that describe the crimes of eunuchs in detail.
10 Shi Yun
There is no denying that the demise of Daming is doomed by heaven. We can arrange a little ice age to make it half dead. It's really a natural disaster.
Summarize the demise of Daming-God's arrangement.