1883 to 1885 The Sino-French War broke out and the Sino-French New Testament was signed with France.
1895 In March, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894 broke out and the treaty of shimonoseki was signed.
190 1 September 7th, and1kloc-0/imperialist countries signed the "Xin Chou Treaty";
Empress Dowager Cixi played an important role in the modern history of China. When the Manchu government faced internal troubles and foreign invasion in the later period, Empress Dowager Cixi kept the rule of Manchu. So when Empress Dowager Cixi presided over the overall situation, under the constant aggression and harassment of foreign countries, what unequal treaties did Cixi sign with foreigners?
1June 875, Emperor Tongzhi died of illness. Cixi made her nephew and nephew Zai Tian (4 years old) emperor and changed the year number to Guangxu. The empress dowager of the two palaces listened to politics again.
From 1865 to 1870, Akuta, an invader of the Central Asian Khanate, invaded and stole most of Xinjiang. 187 1 year, Russia sent troops to occupy Yili area. 1875, Cixi adopted the suggestion of Zuo, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, and sent troops to Xinjiang. The Qing army recaptured Xinjiang on 1878+0. 188 1 year, China and Russia signed the Ili Treaty through negotiations, and China recovered most of Ili.
The Sino-French war broke out from 1883 to 1885, and both sides won or lost militarily. However, the Qing government headed by Cixi advocated "winning by winning" and signed the Sino-French New Testament with France, which made France gain many aggressive benefits. At the beginning of the war, Cixi took advantage of the unfavorable war to blame the military department headed by Yixin, and dismissed all of them, which was called "Shen Jiayi's book" in history. Since then, Cixi has completely taken control of state affairs.
1894, Japanese invaded China. 1March, 895, Cixi sent Li Hongzhang as the plenipotentiary and went to Japan for peace. /kloc-In April of 0/7, China signed the unprecedented humiliating treaty "treaty of shimonoseki", and China gave up its status as the suzerain of North Korea. Compensation of 200 million taels of silver; Ceding Liaodong Peninsula (redeemed with 32 million silver under the intervention of western powers such as Russia, Germany and France), Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Islands; Open four trading ports; Allow Japan to open mines and set up factories at trading ports.
On August 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing. The next morning, Cixi fled to Beijing with Emperor Guangxu. Yi Kuang and Li Hongzhang were appointed as plenipotentiaries to negotiate with the great powers. Put the responsibility of the war on the Boxer Rebellion and ordered the "painstaking extinction" of the Boxer Rebellion. On February 14 of the following year, the outline of the peace talks was approved, and an imperial edict was issued, saying that it was necessary to "measure China's material resources and win the favor of the country." 190 1 On September 7th, 2000, it signed the "Xin Chou Treaty" with 1 1 imperialist countries, and agreed to pay 450 million taels of silver in 39 years, punish the main battle officials and demolish all the fortresses along Dagu to Beijing. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/902, Cixi and Emperor Guangxu returned to Beijing.