Which of the following, if true, can best explain the above phenomenon?
A. Existing optical telescopes can only "see" celestial bodies that emit or reflect light by themselves.
Some stars are invisible to existing optical telescopes.
C. If the planet is big enough, existing optical telescopes can "see".
Planet D outside the solar system can rarely reflect the light from the stars to the earth because of its long distance.
E. Most planets in the solar system can be "seen" with existing optical telescopes.
Analytic interpretation problem
Phenomenon to be explained: Why most planets outside the solar system can't be "seen" with existing optical telescopes.
Item a can't be explained, because from the stem of the question, the planet can reflect the light of nearby stars. If optical telescopes can "see" celestial bodies that reflect light, then planets should also be observed.
Item b, irrelevant option, cannot be explained.
Item c cannot be explained.
Item d can explain why planets outside our solar system are too far away to see.
Item e, irrelevant option, the title says "outside the solar system", and this item is "inside the solar system"
Answer d
27. Whether the electromagnetic radiation generated by mobile phones threatens human health has always been a controversial topic. A study in 10 shows that people who use mobile phones for more than 30 minutes every day have a 40% higher risk of developing glial cancer than those who have never used mobile phones. Because some experts suggest that before obtaining further evidence, people should take safer measures, such as using fixed telephones or using SMS to communicate as much as possible.
Which of the following, if true, best shows that the expert's advice is unrealistic?
(1) The electromagnetic radiation intensity generated by most mobile phones meets the national standards.
(2) At present, the electromagnetic radiation intensity of human living space has exceeded the electromagnetic radiation intensity generated by cell phone calls.
(3) After a long time, people's physique gradually adapts to the environment of strong electromagnetic radiation.
(d) In the above experiment, some people use mobile phones for more than 40 minutes every day, but they are healthy.
(e) Even if we communicate by SMS, sending and receiving information will instantly generate strong electromagnetic radiation.
The purposeful weakening of analytical methods
Question: People should take safer measures, such as using fixed telephones or using short messages to communicate, so as to avoid the electromagnetic radiation generated by mobile phones threatening human health.
Item b shows that electromagnetic radiation cannot be avoided without using mobile phones, and the measures can not achieve the goal.
Answer b
28. A, B, C, D, E and B are sitting around a small hexagonal table, one on each side. Known:
(1) A and B face each other;
(2) C and D are not adjacent or opposite.
If you are not adjacent to B, which of the following must be true?
A If A is adjacent to E, D is opposite to itself.
B A and d are adjacent.
C e is adjacent to itself.
D if c and e are not adjacent, c is adjacent to itself.
E is the opposite of B.
There are three pieces of information in analyzing the stem:
(1) A and B face each other;
(2) C and D are not adjacent or face to face;
(3) Party A and Party B are not adjacent.
The following figure can be obtained from (1):
According to (2), the order of C and D can only be: 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 4 and 3, 2 and 1.
Therefore, it can be seen from (3) that it can only be used in 1 or 2; So c and d can only be: 3 and 4, 4 and 3, as shown below:
B, c and e can be excluded from the above analysis.
Item A, if A and E are adjacent, A and D may or may not be opposite, excluding A;
Item D, if C and E are not adjacent, and E can only be opposite to C, then it is adjacent to C, which is correct.
29. After hundreds of years of natural evolution, human beings have produced unique intelligence such as intuition and multi-level abstraction. Although modern computers already have a certain learning ability, this ability still needs the guidance of human beings, and the complete autonomous learning ability needs further development. So it is impossible for computers to reach or even surpass the level of human intelligence.
Which of the following is most likely the premise of the above argument?
It is difficult for computers to really understand human language, let alone human feelings.
B. understanding the complex social relations of human beings requires self-study ability.
C. If the computer has complete self-learning ability, it can form intelligence such as intuition and multi-level abstraction.
D. computers can form natural evolutionary capabilities.
E. Intuition, multi-level abstraction and other unique human intelligence cannot be acquired through learning.
Analysis hypothesis problem
Topic: Although modern computers have acquired a certain learning ability, unique intelligence such as intuition and multi-level abstraction still needs human guidance → computers cannot reach or even surpass human intelligence.
Item e must be assumed, otherwise, if the computer can acquire "unique intelligence such as intuition and multi-level abstraction" through learning, then the computer may reach or exceed the level of human intelligence.
Answer e
30. In order to further strengthen the law enforcement management of non-compliance with traffic signals and other illegal acts, standardize law enforcement procedures, and ensure justice in law enforcement, a city traffic police detachment requires that cases such as inconsistent traffic signals and evidence for help should not be entered into the road traffic violation information system; For traffic violation records that have been entered into the information system, it is necessary to improve the work norms of accepting, verifying and handling objections and minimize law enforcement disputes.
According to the requirements of the above traffic police detachment, which of the following can be drawn?
A Some cases that violate the law because of asking for help are recorded in the road traffic violation information system if there is only the statement of the parties and there is no audio and video proof at that time.
B For the traffic violation records that have been entered into the system, only by listening to the opposition of the masses and strengthening the supervision of the masses can the law enforcement disputes be minimized.
C If a car uses a driving recorder, it can provide real-time evidence on the spot, which greatly reduces the possibility of being entered into the road traffic violation information system.
D. Traffic violations with inconsistent traffic signals due to unreasonable phase setting and timing of traffic lights shall not be entered into the road traffic violation information system.
E As long as the traffic violation records that have been entered into the system are processed, checked and processed, law enforcement disputes can be minimized.
Analytical reasoning problem
Question stem:
? Inconsistent traffic signals → no entry;
? There is evidence that asking for help is dangerous → no entry;
? Information has been entered → Improve the work norms for accepting, verifying and handling objections, and minimize law enforcement disputes.
Item A is equivalent to: input →┐ There is evidence to prove that it is dangerous to ask for help, so you can't draw a conclusion without evidence, which is really false.
Items b and e, by? It can be seen that the topic does not involve the relationship between "improving the work norms for accepting, verifying and handling objections" and "minimizing law enforcement disputes". Of course, it is not certain whether they are sufficient conditions or necessary conditions. Items b and e are really false.
Item c, the topic is not mentioned, really.
Item d, by? Know it's true.
Answer d
Question 3 1-32 is based on the following questions.
A seminar has 18 participants. Known:
(1) At least five young teachers are women;
(2) At least six female teachers have passed middle age;
(3) At least seven female teachers;
3 1. Based on the above information, which of the following can be concluded about the participants?
Some young teachers are not women. (b) Some young women are not teachers.
(c) At least 1 1 young teachers. (d) Most young women 1 1.
There are at least 65,438+03 female teachers.
According to (2), there are at least six middle-aged female teachers, and according to (3), there are at least seven young female teachers, so there are at least 13 female teachers.
Answer e
32. If the above three sentences are true or false, which of the following conclusions can be drawn about the participants?
(a) There should be at least five young teachers.
There are at most 65,438+00 male teachers.
(c) Young women are all teachers.
(d) At least seven young women.
(e) Young teachers are all women.
There are two truths and one falsehood in three sentences, so (1)(3) at least one sentence is true. No matter which sentence is true, there are at least five young female teachers, so there are at least five young teachers. Item A is true.
Answer a
33. During the period of vigorous development, enterprises are often busy and have no time and energy to design and build "Qionglou Yuyu"; When all the important work of an enterprise is completed, its time and energy begin to focus on building office buildings. Therefore, if an enterprise's office building is designed more perfectly and decorated more luxuriously, the enterprise will be closer to disintegration. When the architectural design and construction of an enterprise tend to be perfect, its existence gradually loses its meaning. This is the so-called "office building law".
Which of the following, if true, can best question the above view?
A The office building of an enterprise is beautifully built, and the business is booming after moving in.
B. If an enterprise spends all its time and energy on building an office building, it will not invest enough money in other important work.
C the construction of luxury office buildings will often increase the operating costs of enterprises and damage the actual interests of enterprises.
D the more dilapidated the office building, the more energetic and vital the enterprise will be.
E Building a luxurious office building doesn't need too much time and energy.
Analyze the weakening of causality
Title: The more perfect the office building, the more luxurious the decoration → the closer it is to the disintegration of the enterprise.
Item a, give counterexamples and weaken the stem of the question.
Items b, c and d support the valve stem;
In item E, if the part before "so" is regarded as the cause and the part after "so" is regarded as the result, the structure of the topic becomes: "Too much time and energy are invested, which leads to the rule of the office building", and item E shows that "the construction of luxury office buildings does not require enterprises to invest too much time and energy", which weakens the premise of the topic. From the negative proposition of hypothetical proposition, we should choose A, and from the causal relationship, we should choose E. Both options can make sense. Personally, I think the proposer is not thoughtful. Let's tentatively take A as the reference answer and wait for the official analysis.
Answer a
34. Zhang Yun, Li Hua and Wang Tao all received a notice to go to Beijing for a meeting in early February next year. They can choose to go to Beijing by plane, high-speed rail and bus. Regarding the road to Beijing this time, they have the following considerations:
(1) Zhang Yun doesn't like flying. If Li Hua is with him, he will choose to take the bus.
(2) Li Hua doesn't care about ways. If the high-speed rail is cheaper than the plane, he chooses to take the high-speed rail;
(3) Wang Tao doesn't care about price. Unless it is predicted that there will be rain and snow in Beijing in early February, he will choose to fly.
Li Hua and Wang Tao live very close. If the flight time is suitable, they will travel by plane together.
If the above three considerations are met, which of the following can be drawn?
(a) If Li Hua doesn't choose to take the high-speed train or plane, he will definitely go to Beijing by bus with Zhang Yun.
(2) If Zhang Yun and Wang Tao take the high-speed train to Beijing, there will be rain and snow in Beijing in early February.
(c) If all three people fly to Beijing, the air tickets are cheaper than the high-speed rail.
(d) If Wang Tao and Li Hua fly to Beijing, there will be no rain and snow in Beijing in early February.
(e) If all three people go to Beijing by bus, it is predicted that there will be rain and snow in Beijing in early February.
analyse
(1) Zhang Yun: Li Hua peer → public transportation;
(2) Li Hua: High-speed rail is cheaper than airplane → high-speed rail;
(3) Wang Tao: ┐ Forecast rain and snow → airplane;
(4) Li Hua and Wang Tao: The flight is suitable → the plane.
According to (3), Wang Tao: ┐ airplane → forecast rain and snow.
In item A, Li Hua didn't take the high-speed train or fly, but he will definitely take the bus, but he won't necessarily go with Zhang Yu. It's really fake
According to item B, if Wang Tao didn't fly, it was "predicted" that there would be rain and snow in Beijing in early February, but what this item said was "rain and snow", which was really false.
According to item C, Li Hua didn't take the high-speed train. According to item (2), the high-speed train → high-speed train is cheaper than the plane. So the plane is cheaper than the high-speed rail or the same, it's really fake.
From item D, Wang Taofei flew, and from item (3), it is true.
According to item E, if Wang Tao doesn't fly, it is true to "forecast" rain and snow in Beijing in early February.
Answer e
35. A city launched a monthly social welfare activity, and the registration was enthusiastic. Due to the limited scale of the event, the organizer decided to select participants by lottery, and the winning rate in the first month was1:20; Later, the innovation was low, reaching 1:70 in the second half of the year, and most citizens repeatedly tried to shake the number. However, from July this year to 10, the name "Li Xiang" was won for four consecutive months. Many citizens thought that someone cheated in the lottery and questioned the organizers.
Which of the following, if true, can best dispel the above-mentioned public's doubts?
(a) the whole process of drawing lots is carried out under the supervision of relevant departments.
(b) Among the registered citizens, there are nearly 300 people named "Li Xiang".
(c) Among the winning applicants, seven were named "Zhang Lei".
(d) There was a time when parents were not ashamed to name their children.
(e) In the lottery system, each applicant is randomly assigned a unique code.
Analytical weakening problem
Title: The name "Li Xiang" won the prize for four consecutive months → someone cheated in the lottery.
Item a, resort to authority;
The "Li Xiang" in the lottery in the description of item B is not necessarily the same person, which weakens the problem.
Items c and d, irrelevant options;
Item e cannot weaken the backbone of the problem.
Answer b
American almonds were exported to China in 1970s, when they were misunderstood as "American almonds". This mistranslation leads most consumers not to know that almonds and almonds are two completely different products. In this regard, despite repeated efforts by China forest experts to clarify, it is difficult for academic voices to reach relevant enterprises and the general public. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a unified industry standard for forest and fruit, so that related products can be restored to their original colors.
Which of the following is the most likely assumption of the above argument?
(1) American almonds and China almonds are very similar in appearance.
(2) The mistranslation of the names of imported commodities will interfere with the normal foreign trade activities of China enterprises.
(3) American Almond sells more almonds in China than in China.
(D) China's relevant enterprises and the public do not recognize the opinions of China's fruit experts.
(5) For a long time, there is no unified industry standard for fruits in China.
Objective hypothesis of analysis and measurement
Topic: almond and almond are misused (reason) → formulate unified industry standards (measures) → let related products return to their original colors (purpose)
E, measures are necessary, otherwise, if China already has a unified fruit industry standard, then there is no need to formulate this standard.
Item B, the measures cause adverse consequences and need not be borne;
The remaining three items obviously don't need assumptions.
Answer e
37.654381On the evening of October 6th, Zhang Qiang either went to the cinema to see a movie or visited his friend Qin Ling. If Zhang Qiang had driven home that night, he wouldn't have gone to the movies. Only Zhang Qiang agreed with Qin Ling in advance that Zhang Canqiang would visit her. In fact, Zhang Qiang can't agree with Qin Ling in advance.
According to the above statement, which of the following can be drawn?
Zhang Qiang and Qin Ling went to the cinema that night.
That night, Zhang Qiang visited his friend Qin Ling.
Zhang Qiang didn't drive home that night.
Zhang Qiang didn't go to the cinema that night.
(e) Zhang Qiang drove to the cinema that night.
In the analysis of the stem, there are the following judgments:
(1) Watching movies
Visit the Qin Mausoleum, and you can get: ┐ Visit the Qin Mausoleum → Go to the movies.
(2) Driving home →┐ going to the movies is equivalent to: going to the movies →┐ driving home.
(3) Visiting the Qin Mausoleum → agreeing, which is equivalent to: ┐ agreeing → ┐ visiting the Qin Mausoleum.
(4)┐ agreement.
From (4)(3)( 1)(2) in series: ┐ make an appointment → ┐ visit the Qin tombs → watch a movie → ┐ drive home.
Therefore, Zhang Qiang didn't drive home that night.
Answer c
Questions 38-39 are based on the following questions
Tiannan University is going to send two graduate students and three undergraduates to teach in Shancun Primary School. After individual registration and democratic appraisal, the final candidate will be selected from three graduate students including Zhao Ting, Tang Ling and Yin Qian and five undergraduate students including Zhou Yan, Huan Li, Wenqin, Xu Ang and Zhu Min. According to the regulations, the same college or the same society sends at most one person. Known:
(1) Both Tang Ling and Zhu Min are from the School of Mathematics;
(2) Both Zhou Yan and Xu Ang are from the College of Liberal Arts;
(3) Both Huan Li and Zhu Min are from the Debate Association.
38. According to the above conditions, the following must be selected:
Tang Ling. Zhao Ting. Zhou Yan.
Yin Qian. Qin Wen.
From the topic analysis, it can be seen that "the same college or the same society sends at most one person", so there are:
(1) ┐ Tang Ling ┐ Zhu Min;
(2) ┐ Zhou Yan ┐ Xu Ang;
(3) ┐ Li Huan ┐ Zhu Min.
According to (2), at least one of Zhou Yan and Xu Ang was not selected; According to (3), at least one of Huan Li and Zhu Min was not selected.
It is also known that three of the five undergraduates were selected, so Zhou Yan and Xu Ang each had 1 person selected, 1 person was not selected (4), Huan Li and Zhu Min each had 1 person selected, 1 person was not selected (5), and Qin Wen will be selected.
Answer e
39. If Tang Ling is selected, the following must be selected:
Huan Li. Xu Ang; Zhou Yan.
Zhao Ting. Yin Qian.
Through (1) analysis: ┐ Zhu Min → Tang Ling.
From (5): ┐ Zhu Min → Li Huan.
Answer a
40. Some broad-leaved trees are evergreen plants, so they don't grow in cold areas. Which of the following, if true, can best refute the above conclusion?
(1) Not all evergreen plants are broad-leaved trees. (b) Broadleaf trees don't grow in some places in cold regions.
(c) Some broad-leaved trees don't grow in cold regions. (d) Evergreen plants do not grow in cold regions.
Evergreen plants grow in cold regions.
Analytic implied syllogism
Conclusion in the stem of the question: All broad-leaved trees do not grow in the cold zone, and it is only necessary to prove that some broad-leaved trees are in the cold zone to refute the conclusion of the stem of the question.
Preconditions in stem: some broad leaves → evergreen; Item E: Evergreen → Cold Zone.
So there are: some broad leaves → evergreen → cold zone, so item E is correct.
Answer e
4 1 ~ 42 is equal to the following questions.
The Universiade will be held soon, and the School of Economics and Management plans to form a team of 12 people to participate in the competition. The team members will be selected from the students of four grades in the school. School regulations: each grade must choose 1 ~ 2 from five events: long-distance running, sprint, high jump, long jump and shot put, and the rest can be chosen at will; If a grade chooses long-distance running, it can't choose sprint or high jump; If a grade chooses long jump, it can't choose long-distance running or shot put; Each player only participates in 1. The hospital knows:
(1) Every grade has players selected for the team;
(2) The number of selected teams in different grades is different;
(3) The number of players in two levels is multiplied by the number of players in another level.
4 1. According to the above information, only one grade can be selected at most.
(1) Eight persons. Seven people. Six people. Five people. Four people.
The analysis stem contains the following information:
Item A, if there are 8 students in one grade and 4 students in the other three grades, they can only be 1 student, 1 student and 2 students respectively, which is inconsistent with (2).
Item B, if there are seven students in one grade and five students in the other three grades, they can only be 1, 1, 3 or 1, 2, 2 respectively; The contradiction with ② is untenable.
Item C, if there are 7 students in one grade, then there are 6 students in the other three grades, which can be 1, 2, 3 students respectively, satisfying (1)(2)(3).
Answer c