Moderator: Hello, audience and friends, and welcome to the live broadcast of Oriental Time and Space. Today, the 500-year total solar eclipse finally arrived as scheduled. Why did you say last? Because this total solar eclipse is not only very much hoped by astronomy enthusiasts, but also joined the ranks of ordinary people. Although it has been 60 years since the founding of New China, and we have had five total solar eclipses, this total solar eclipse has the longest duration and the widest coverage. It is said that there are 300 million people who can observe the total solar eclipse in China, and partial solar eclipses can also be seen in other places. This eclipse can be said to have set off a general mobilization of national observation. So today's "Oriental Time and Space" we have to observe two goals: one is how enthusiastic the people who participate in the observation today are; The other is of course the beautiful total solar eclipse itself.
Moderator: This beautiful picture has infected many people. Today, many people observed this astronomical wonder on the spot. In the words of our reporter, the enthusiasm of these observers is like the sun.
Observer: I've never seen it. Open your eyes, maybe for once in your life.
Observer: It's really a pleasure to see another astronomical wonder.
Yang Xiaoyou: Holding a grandson, I rushed to the road. This is China's proudest day. There is a sun in everyone's heart.
Observer: It really feels beautiful, because we have never observed it. This is the first time for us.
Observer: I have never seen or thought that the sun would become like this.
Netizen: Whether it is an authentic astronomy "enthusiast" or a temporary "enthusiast", people are excited about the wonders that are hard to see for hundreds of years.
Observer: I see the diamond ring, Bellevue. I didn't see it. I saw this moment.
Observer: The moon is in the shadow, right in the middle of the sun. It is very beautiful and has a halo outside.
Netizen: Slowly, it began to get dark, just like the moon. Everyone is feeling, who said that understanding the darkness at night during the day is too incisive?
Observer: Very mysterious. You really can't see the night during the day.
Observer: Although I can't see the food, I'm still happy to see the glowing scene.
Netizen: I remember seeing a partial solar eclipse when I was in elementary school. It was time to play on the playground during recess. I heard a classmate say that the sun was gone. I was naive when I was a child.
Observer: When the sun is in the upper right corner, there is a small gap. It is incredible and amazing to find that the gap is getting bigger and bigger after time changes.
Observer: Now the sun has become a crescent moon, which is so interesting and amazing.
Moderator: In fact, before today, people have been worried that the weather is not beautiful. Judging from today's situation, there are indeed many people who are disappointed. Shanghai and Suzhou were originally two excellent observation sites. Before today, all the hotels in Shanghai have been robbed, and the number of tourists has reached 30 thousand. In some cities in Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, the price of black sunglasses used to observe the total solar eclipse doubled, but they were still snapped up; There is also Tongling, Anhui Province, which is said to have prepared for observing the total solar eclipse for nearly half a year. The local government also invested 0.2 million/200 thousand yuan, claiming that once the dark clouds covered the sun, they would use meteorological anti-aircraft guns to drive them away. But the real situation today is that Tongling, Shanghai, Suzhou and other places are rainy. It is difficult to observe the whole process of the total solar eclipse except for six minutes of darkness. It's cloudy and foggy in Beijing today, but some astronomy enthusiasts in Beijing stick to the observatory in Beijing in the spirit of "don't abandon, don't give up" and finally get a glimpse of the true face of the partial eclipse.
Commentary: At about 7: 30 this morning, many astronomy enthusiasts gathered at the Little Square of the Beijing Planetarium. Although the sky is already gloomy, more and more astronomy enthusiasts still hope to see the once-in-a-century astronomical wonders here.
Reporter: I think you came early and have been here.
Astronomy enthusiast: It's past 6 o'clock. I'll come and have a look at it at 6: 00 to see the surrounding environment first.
Reporter: If it's not cloudy in Beijing and you can see a partial solar eclipse anywhere, why do you have to come to this planetarium?
Astronomy enthusiasts: Because I think the planetarium is a landmark building, especially where astronomy enthusiasts gather. Let's take a look at the lively scenes of some astronomy enthusiasts outside the astronomical scene to experience it.
Reporter: I mainly want to feel this atmosphere?
Astronomy enthusiast: Yes, yes, that's what it means.
Reporter: Would it be a pity if we can't shoot it today?
Astronomy enthusiast: Very disappointed. I don't think we can shoot it either. Let's wait.
Reporter: I hope I can still photograph it.
Astronomy enthusiast: Of course, what if there is a glimmer of hope? I think it seems a little brighter now than before. If, wait, don't get your hopes up, but wait.
Astronomy enthusiast: Well, I can't find anything. The clouds are too thick.
Zhang, deputy director of Beijing Planetarium: We have set up a telescope now. We were going to set up three telescopes, but many people came. There are two or three thousand people now, but it's a pity that it's cloudy and can't be observed today. What a pity.
Commentary: Ms. Wu used to be a student in a primary school in Fangshan District, Beijing. Today, she came to the planetarium with the solar eclipse observation card she used more than 20 years ago.
Ms. Wu: I gave a copy to everyone, and then organized students to observe it in the playground at that time. They were very excited at that time, but they didn't know much about knowledge at that time. Everyone is very excited and interested. Then personally, I was interested in this aspect, so I kept it. I didn't expect to have it again this year, but then I suddenly remembered this card and found it. I think this should be about 20 years old, so I think it is quite memorable. Then I came together today, and later my friend bought me new ones, so I thought it was meaningful to keep them all. It was sunny a few days ago, but today it is cloudy. I'm still a little sorry, but I still want to see for myself. Because now I recall the scene I saw on the playground in primary school, and I can still remember it. I want to have a look again, but I can't see it.
Commentary: At about 10: 30 in the morning, the sun hiding behind the clouds above the planetarium finally emerged.
Astronomy enthusiast: once in 500 years, I saw it. I am so happy and excited.
Reporter: Did you see it?
Astronomy enthusiast: Yes.
Reporter: What do you see?
Astronomy enthusiast: I see the sun has gone halfway.
Reporter: What's the matter?
Astronomy enthusiast: It's because the moon blocks the sunlight.
Astronomy enthusiast: Just now, I heard my mother say that there was a small piece of sun missing outside, and then I quickly ran out of the museum, sweating profusely.
Reporter: Are you also an astronomy enthusiast?
Astronomy enthusiast: I like astronomy, too. I often read popular science books and CDs, and then I got some astronomical knowledge from them.
Reporter: Do you think what you saw with your own eyes is different from what you read?
Astronomy enthusiast: First of all, I am very excited to see with my own eyes that it is definitely different from reading a book.
Reporter: Did you get it?
Astronomy enthusiast: Right, right.
Reporter: Very lucky.
Astronomy enthusiast: OK, OK.
Reporter: May I have a look?
Astronomy enthusiast: No, there are too many.
Reporter: Still very lucky.
Astronomy enthusiast: Yes, that's right. I came at 6 o'clock, and I finally got it. I didn't wait for it. It's good. Luckily, I thought it was hopeless just now, but now it looks good.
Compere: There is a myth that Kuafu chases the sun. Now he will chase the sun in astronomy. They must be "feverish" because they are not satisfied with staying in Beijing to watch the partial solar eclipse. They must reach the best position to watch the total solar eclipse.
Commentary: Astronomy enthusiasts and "enthusiasts" have inquired about the best observation point, and then went to the observation site in various ways to watch, forming a group of sun-chasers. On July 6th, 2008, Wang Letian, a 24-year-old astronomy enthusiast from Beijing, and his family made a special trip from Beijing to Wuhan to watch this once-in-500-year wonder.
Wang Letian astronomy enthusiast: I originally wanted to come to Wuhan for observation this time, because I saw the weather forecast yesterday, I set off from Wuhan this morning, and then arrived in Yichang this morning.
Commentary: This is a beautiful picture of the total solar eclipse taken by Wang Letian on the west bank of the Yangtze River in Yibin.
Wang Letian: It should be better than expected, because I have seen some photos before, and I only stayed on the plane. Now I really feel this (total solar eclipse), so I feel quite shocked. In particular, the sun is particularly dark, and then the corona around it is particularly bright. It should be said that it is spectacular, and nature is particularly magical. Because we are in Xi 'an of the Yangtze River, we all heard people screaming on the east bank of the Yangtze River.
Commentary: In Neijiang, Sichuan, a group of astronomy enthusiasts observed astronomical wonders in the expressway service area.
Astronomy enthusiast Zhan Xiang: At first, we chose the roof of Neijiang TV Station, but when we went this morning, we found clouds and decided to move here temporarily. Then you can see it on the highway. There is a service area next to it, and we will observe in that service area. We didn't see the first half of the total solar eclipse, but we saw it from the second half of the partial eclipse to the whole total solar eclipse stage, from birth to the last contact, which was very good.
Commentary: Zhan wants to say that he witnessed this wonderful moment with the staff in the service area and some local farmers.
Zhan thought: very enthusiastic, very refueling. When the telescope was set up, everyone rushed to see it. Later, during the total solar eclipse, everyone cheered and said it was so beautiful and spectacular.
Commentary: In Haiyan, Zhejiang, the observed weather today is not ideal. It rained early in the morning, but Kouwen, an astronomy enthusiast who came to Haiyan from Beijing, said that he had experienced an unforgettable solar eclipse observation.
Kewen astronomy enthusiast: This process is actually quite fun. We arrived at the observation site around 8 am. As the observation site was arranged at the edge of Haiyan County, it rained harder and harder. We didn't see the loss at first, but we always felt hopeless. After 9 o'clock, the clouds became thinner and the sun was seen. Then it stopped after ten minutes. Dark clouds are coming again. After coming, it was covered, which was almost close to the total lunar eclipse.
Commentary: Although dark clouds covered the sun, many citizens stayed in the square, braving the heavy rain and waiting for the sun to appear again. Ke Wen said that he had watched the total solar eclipse three times before, and the previous times were very successful. But this observation in the rain, although he didn't see the sun all the way, made him feel more special and unforgettable.
Cowen: Actually, I think the most important thing is that it would be better if I could see the sun on a sunny day. If you can't see it, it's raining, and it feels dark at once, basically completely dark, and you can't see your fingers. It may be exaggerated, but it's basically very, very dark. If you don't know in advance, or the ancients or something, you will feel scared and at a loss in broad daylight, that's all. We also saw the vast sea and the ebb and flow of the sea. At first, we observed that the sea water there was still very low. At dawn, all the food was eaten. When we looked down, the sea had lost its dam. This phenomenon is very interesting.
Compere: Today's solar eclipse spectacle makes many people feel excited and excited, especially those who saw this wonderful sight with their own eyes. They are all thankful for it. In fact, human beings have known about the total solar eclipse since ancient times and have never given up their interest in it. Let's see what the ancients thought.
Commentary: In the eyes of the ancients, the appearance of the solar eclipse was a terrible omen. At that time, all the emperors and people were deeply frightened.
Commentary: Legend has it that among the ten disciples of Sakyamuni, one son is Mulian, who is very filial to his mother, but Mulian's mother is violent by nature. The Jade Emperor in the sky knows that he will lay Manglietia's mother in 18 hell and turn her into a vicious dog, who will never be able to live beyond life. Mulian practiced day and night and became a Tibetan bodhisattva. In order to save his mother, Manglietia's son opened the door of hell with Zhang Xi and let go of his mother who became a vicious dog. Mother fled to heaven to settle accounts with the Jade Emperor. She couldn't find the jade emperor in the sky, so she chased the sun and the moon and tried to swallow them, turning heaven and earth into a dark world. Folk call it "dogs eat the sun". Once a solar eclipse happened, the ancients were very serious. In order to deal with it carefully, especially the king of a country, we should first review the gains and losses of our actions, and whether the solar eclipse was caused by our own mistakes and offending the gods. At the same time, it is trying to save the sun and snatch it from the dog's mouth. How did the ancients save the sun? There are two main methods. One is beating drums and barking. All the people went out of their homes and took to the streets, shouting and beating drums. Officials also arranged for powerful warriors to stand at the top of the city wall and the top of the mountain, shooting arrows at the sky crazily until the Tengu was scared away and the sun or moon came out again, and the drums and shouts stopped. Second, sacrifice to society and worship gods. Generally, pigs and sheep should be slaughtered as sacrifices to worship the gods and ask them to eliminate disasters and benefit the world.
Moderator: Today is not a busy day for astronomers, but an excellent research opportunity. Because when the total solar eclipse happened, the moon just covered the sun, and the result of the corona next to the sun appeared. The activity of the corona has an important impact on the earth, but there are still many unsolved mysteries. The total solar eclipse is the best time to observe the corona. According to the Astronomical Society of Jiangsu Province, during this total solar eclipse observation, they obtained a continuous coronal image lasting for 30 minutes, which is the first time in the astronomical circles in China and very rare in the astronomical circles in the world. These valuable information will provide important support for astronomical research. Besides astronomers, some zoologists are also seizing this opportunity to start scientific research activities. Yancheng Wildlife World in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province organized an experimental activity with the theme of animal changes this morning. We see that this is the reaction of animals at the moment of total solar eclipse. The first thing I will show you is the jointed-tailed lemur and the leopard, both of which will appear very quiet. Then you will see the cheetah, and they will appear restless. This little panda will basically be at a loss. Then let's connect with Mr. Zhao Youfa, director of Yancheng Wildlife World in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. Hello, Mr. Zhao.
Zhao Youfa, Director of Yancheng Wildlife World, Changzhou, Jiangsu: Hello.
Moderator: Can you tell us in detail how animals react at the moment of the total solar eclipse?
Zhao Youfa: That is to say, if we analyze these two situations from the perspective of zoology, my personal views are as follows: First, animals should be alert and pay close attention to the surrounding situation, that is, simply stand still. The first possibility is a leopard, which is more obvious; The second aspect is that animals are restless and anxious when walking back and forth. Maybe they just want to find a safer place, that is, in terms of secret security, it should be said that the performance is more obvious; Also, we talked about red pandas, right? There are also some, unilateral. After all, the total solar eclipse lasts for a short time and may have little impact on some animals.
Moderator: Your main observation is that animals are a little scared, right?
Zhao Youfa: I'm scared because it has an adaptation process to the suddenly changing environment. In the process of this maladjustment, it feels quite sudden.
Moderator: So, Miss Zhao, how did you come up with the idea of doing such an experiment?
Zhao Youfa: That means there are few opportunities. In our lifetime, we have this opportunity. Since they are engaged in animals, they are thinking about animals, doing research, or doing behavior. We can take this opportunity to make comments or opinions on this.
Moderator: OK, thank you, Miss Zhao. So today, besides China, Indian, Bangladeshi and Japanese also observed the astronomical wonders of this total solar eclipse. Although the weather in some places is not sunny today, it has not affected people's enthusiasm for watching this total solar eclipse.
Commentary: India was the first country to welcome a total solar eclipse. At about 5: 30 am local time, the initial loss occurred, and the total solar eclipse began at 6: 20, and the whole process lasted for 6 minutes and 39 seconds. In New Delhi, the capital of India, although the weather was cloudy, people still saw the victory of the partial eclipse through the clouds. The total solar eclipse brought many business opportunities to Indian tourism, and many foreign tourists booked local hotels early. At the request of the Indian Ministry of Science and Technology, the Indian Air Force also arranged to transport airborne scientists to watch the total solar eclipse in the air, and some enthusiastic astronomy enthusiasts simply rented small planes to observe the sun in the air. In Japan, people are also attracted by this rare total solar eclipse. Due to the inconvenient traffic at the best observation point, some travel companies have specially designed tourist routes for this purpose. Although due to the limited local reception capacity, most people can only live in tents and have to bear expensive transportation costs, this has not stopped the enthusiasm of astronomy enthusiasts. Thousands of tourists came to Kagoshima to watch the total solar eclipse, and the number far exceeded the permanent residents of the island. In order to protect the ecological environment on the island, the local government had previously restricted the number of people going to the island and decided who could go to the island by drawing lots. The lucky one who can be drawn on the island is really one in a hundred.
Moderator: Today's total solar eclipse not only allows us to witness a mysterious celestial phenomenon with our own eyes, but also shows us how enthusiastic and curious people are about the astronomical world outside the earth. This momentum is simply overwhelming. Of course, there are still some regrets today. The weather in many places is not good, and some people don't even have a chance to see the true face of Lushan Mountain or the process of total solar eclipse at a glance. So are they wasting their time? I don't think so. Listen to those people, old and young, talking about some proper nouns, such as diamond rings, such as Bailey beads, ecliptic angles and corona. After listening to so many proper nouns, you suddenly realized that even if you didn't really see the total solar eclipse, everyone had the most vivid science lesson. At the end of the program, we might as well let the national audience appreciate how the people of the whole country recorded the magical sun in their minds.