In the Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi wrote in "Love Lotus": "Since Tang Li came, the world has loved peony very much." But Wu Zetian doesn't like peonies. Why? Here is a story. It is said that one winter, Wu Zetian, who has become emperor, will go to Shanglin Garden, a royal flower viewing resort. As we all know, flowers bloom in spring and autumn, but few in winter. However, before visiting Shanglin Garden, Wu Zetian wrote a poem "Going to the Garden in the twelfth lunar month": "Visit this garden in the Ming Dynasty and report it urgently in spring. Flowers must bloom overnight, don't wait for the breeze. " I hope I can see a hundred flowers blooming during my visit. In fact, Wu Zetian's hope is nothing more than to express his ambition of being independent.
However, there are many legends and stories in later generations, saying that the Baihua Fairy in Shanglin Garden accepted the imperial edict and had to comply with it, and the flowers in the garden opened the next day, which was also a manifestation of submission to the royal majesty. A hundred flowers are blooming, but peony flowers are still dead. Wu Zetian was furious and banished peony flowers into the wilderness. Who knows that next spring, these peony flowers will bloom more brightly, more beautiful than any other flowers and become the most precious flowers in Luoyang.
Wu Zetian doesn't like peony, but it can't stop others from liking it, and Luoyang peony is often recited by poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Liu Yuxi's "Appreciating Peony":
"The peony demon in front of the court is unqualified, and the lotus on the pool is less affectionate. Only peony is the real national color, and capital moves when flowers bloom. "
Liu Yuxi said that the peony in front of the court is enchanting but lacks bone feeling, and the lotus in the pool is elegant and clean but lacks emotion. Only peony is the true national color of Tian Zi. In the flowering season, it attracted countless people to appreciate and shocked the whole capital.
Li Baiyou's Qing Ping Diao Yi:
"The cloud wants clothes and flowers, and the spring breeze blows Revlon. If it weren't for Yushantou, I would meet Yaotai under the moon. "
Li Bai said that when you see clouds, you think of her gorgeous clothes, and when you see flowers, you think of her gorgeous face. The spring breeze blows the railings, and the dew is moist and colorful. This kind of national beauty is not the fluttering fairy that those people in Yushantou saw, but the goddess in the moonlight in front of Yaotai Temple.
Li Zhengfeng has Peony Poems:
"The national color is intoxicating, and the clothes are dyed at night; Dan Jingchun is drunk, and the moon asks for the return date. "
This poem was appreciated by the then emperor Tang Wenzong. Since then, peony has gained the reputation of a beautiful country and a thousand-year history.
Since then, nearly a thousand kinds of peonies have been blooming, and this peony movement initiated by the upper class aristocrats has naturally had a far-reaching impact on the people. Even with the phrase "peony flowers die, ghosts are also romantic" (Pearl curtain play "Drunken Beauty" in Yuan Dynasty), peony is compared to beauty.
So, what is the reason that "since Li Tang came, the world has loved peony very much"?
First of all, it must be because peony flowers are huge in size, rich in form and elegant. The characteristics of peony flowers symbolized wealth, auspiciousness, prosperity and happiness at that time. Therefore, people in the Tang Dynasty especially admired peony as the national flower. Especially in the palace, these concubines wear peony on their heads, put peony flowers in the house and plant peony in the courtyard, which are all symbols of this beauty.
Secondly, peony is the king of flowers, which appropriately represents the spirit of the times and the supreme position of the Tang Dynasty at that time. There are some words in the Peony Ode written by Shu in Tang Dynasty: "My case is a flower, this flower comes first, and it is monopolized in spring ... The rose is ashamed to death, the peony is also lost, and the peach is also lost. What a shame!" This represents the supremacy of peony in people's minds at that time, and the status of flowers is unmatched.
Third, it is because of the beauty of peony's spirit and character. Everywhere is filled with the smell of peony. Because the literati in the Tang Dynasty generally pursued chivalrous spirit, the peony spirit and the literati's spiritual world were perfectly matched and integrated. Juck Zhang said in Nightmare Shadow: "Peony is very proud." This spirit was widely recognized by people in the Tang Dynasty and spread to later generations.
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