What are the rules of long jump?

Long jump is one of the oldest events in track and field competition. When human beings are still in the era of eating blood and drinking blood, long jump has become a life skill. The history of triple jump can be traced back to ancient times. There was a quintuple jump in the ancient Olympic Games, and then the triple jump was gradually popularized. Both long jump and triple jump are composed of two parts, namely, a long-distance run-up and a jump as far as possible. Among them, the triple jump, as its name implies, requires athletes to into the pit three times from the jumper, and the order of the three jumps is one jump, one jump and one jump. When jumping on one leg, use the take-off leg to land, and when jumping in stride, use the other leg (swinging leg) to land, then complete the jumping action and jump into the bunker. Both sports are ranked according to each athlete's best performance in the competition. Like other field events, the long jump and triple jump in the Olympic Games are also passed first, and they pass the passing standards and directly enter the finals. The order of qualifiers is decided by drawing lots, and the finals are arranged in reverse order according to the results of qualifiers, with the best result jumping to the last place. Except for the foul, in the jumping distance event, the performance of the athletes in every attempt is effective. If the players get the same score, the ranking will be decided by the second best score, and so on until the final score. If it is still the same, everything can be tied except the first place. In the long jump and triple jump, one of the following situations is fouled: ① The athlete touches the ground with any part of his body before landing; (2) jumping from both ends of the springboard, regardless of whether it exceeds the extension line of the jumper; ③ Use any somersault posture when running up or jumping; (4) The referee sends a takeoff signal before takeoff; ⑤ Missed the trial jump sequence for no reason; ⑥ Unreasonably delay the time limit of each jump test 1 min. Except for the foul, the athlete's performance in any trial jump is effective. The long jump distance is measured from the far end of the long jumper to the nearest trace left by the long jumper in the bunker. In the case of non-integer, the length value should be rounded to the nearest centimeter. The bunkers used in the long jump and triple jump in the Olympic Games and world track and field competitions are at least 2.75 meters wide and at most 3 meters wide. The run-up lane is1.22m wide and at least 40m long. The distance from the front end of the springboard to the far end of the bunker in the long jump is at least 10 meter. The distance from the jump line of triple jump to the near end of the bunker is at least 13m for men, 1 1m for women and at least 2 1m for the far end of the bunker. The sand surface in the pit and the surface of the springboard are on the same level. The springboard is made of wood, 1.22 meters long and 20 centimeters wide, and painted white. There is a plasticine display board in front of the springboard, which is used to help the referee judge whether the athlete has fouled.