If there is a referee, the referee's decision is final. If there is no referee at the competition, if the athletes have any objection to the referee's judgment on the relevant rules, they can submit it to the referee for settlement, and the referee's judgment is final.
When there are linesman, Nets, foot referee and other auxiliary personnel in the game, their judgment is the final judgment of specific cases. If the referee thinks it is an obvious misjudgment, he has the right to correct the judgment of the assistant referee or order a rematch. When the assistant can't make a judgment, he should immediately signal to the referee, who will make a judgment. If the referee can't judge what happened, he can order a rematch.
In the team competition, the referee has the right to change any referee, and can also instruct the referee to judge the rematch.
The referee can stop the game if he thinks it is dark or the game can't continue because of the venue, climate and other conditions. The original scores and positions of the athletes of both sides are still valid during the make-up examination.
Let's talk about the responsibilities and precautions of the referee, referee, linesman, online referee and foot error referee in detail.
1 responsibilities of referees
Referees are elected by the Competition Committee, and the list of referees is published by the Competition Committee to inform all participating units. The referee should not be an official, he is a member of the competition Committee.
Referees must be proficient in rules and their implementation, be able to make decisions quickly and take full responsibility for the actions taken.
Referees have the right to appoint or replace referees, linesmen, baseline referees and online referees.
If the unfinished game needs to be played again, the referee can make a decision to arbitrate or continue the game with the consent of both parties.
The referee has the right to designate the venue and decide that athletes should take time off to participate in the competition within a limited date. The referee has the right to decide that athletes who do not play for no reason and those who are not prepared to play after being named are the negative parties.
The referee can decide to postpone the game at any time because of dark or conditions such as venue and climate.
When the referee says he can't judge, the referee can decide any score according to the rules. The referee's decision is final.
When an important game is going on, when the final is going on, the referee must be on the scene, preferably sitting next to the referee's chair. He should keep close contact with anything that happens in the game. If an athlete asks for certain facts, he can use them as the basis for judging the problem. The referee has no right to correct the referee made by the referee, linesman, baseline referee or online referee according to the actual situation.
The Competition Committee shall maintain the normal order of the competition site and make decisions on any problems arising in the competition. At this time, it can organize a meeting of the referee or any two members of the competition Committee. When this kind of meeting is held, it can cancel the punishment decision of the members of the competition Committee or the referee after listening to the complaints of the athletes concerned. Several members of the Competition Committee may form a quorum on the spot.
2 the responsibilities of the referee
(1) Check whether the heights of the net and goalposts are up to standard before the game starts. If required by the athletes, the interceptors can measure and adjust the height of the net during the competition.
(2) Announce "service error, repeated service, out of bounds, foul in hitting, foot error, double jump", and authorize penalties other than linesman, foot error referee and online referee. You can also repeat your judgment.
(3) First, register the winner's score on the scoreboard. Then, when an athlete asks for a score, he can also score.
(4) At the end of each game, the number of games and times should be reported, or when the athletes request it, they should also be reported and registered on the record sheet.
(5) In the process of sparring, when the athlete asks to point out whether a certain problem is in the "competition period", the referee can say "strike"; When the ball is judged to be a good one until the referee announces "out of bounds", "mistake", "heavy serve", "two jumps", "foul in hitting the ball" or "playing tennis", the player should not make such demands again.
(6) If the athletes have doubts or disputes about the linesman's judgment, the referee will make a scoring judgment; If an athlete complains to the referee, the referee should make a scoring decision according to the rules. The referee should use the new ball according to the instructions of the referee and the competition Committee on the rules of tennis. When a new ball is needed or the ball needs to be replaced under special circumstances, the referee can make a decision with the consent of the referee.
(7) If the rest time is over, the referee shall immediately resume the game.
(8) At the beginning of each game, the referee should explain the situation that may affect the game.
(9) The referee should fill in the scoring table at the end of the competition and send it to the relevant personnel of the competition committee for review and preservation.
If there is any objection to the judgment of the linesman or the wrong referee, the judgment made by the referee according to each practical problem is final. Athletes are not allowed to ask for reconsideration. If the referee has doubts about the judgment of the score, or an athlete of a certain side has doubts about the judgment of the score, the referee may ask the referee to make a final decision on this issue when he thinks it necessary. The questions raised should be related to the game, should occur during the game, and are related to the practical problems of interpretation and application of the rules.
Athletes can ask the referee to change the referee or linesman of the competition.
The referee can't order the replacement of any lineman, but only take some actions with the referee's consent.
When the referee checks the height of the net, his referee's duty begins, which is the first duty stipulated by the referee after he arrives at the court.
When an athlete is preparing for a warm-up activity, the referee should look around the venue to see if other members who act as referees are in place. If you find someone absent, you should immediately report to the referee or the referee Committee. If necessary, you can suspend the game.
It's time for the athletes to warm up for 3 minutes, and the referee will announce who is right and who is what seed. In the case of team competition, they will report one team to play one team and announce the adoption of the best of several sets system.
Then, in the first game, so-and-so serves first, linesman prepares, caddy prepares, athlete prepares-the game begins.
When scoring, the score of the player's side should be reported first, and then "serve first" or "receive first" should be reported after the score is divided equally. You can't use other terms to report points.
When reporting, it should be reported according to the following methods: "At the end of one game, the number of games in the first game is 4 to 2, or in the first game, the number of games is 4."
The number of quotations should be reported according to the following method: "The third set is over, the number of games is 6 to 4, the number of quotations is 2 to 1, and so-and-so leads."
At the end of a game, report in the following way: "At the end of the game, someone won. The number of sets is 2 to 1, and the score is 2 to 6, 6 to 3, 6 to 4. "
Announce the score of the winner of the game at the time of offering.
If the player fails to hit the ball in time after the first jump, he should declare "two jumps". According to the rules, the ball should have been re-served, and then the ball was still in the game. At this time, only the online referee can announce the re-serve. If the number of linesmen is small, the referee is responsible for judging the mistakes and out-of-bounds of each line. If there is no wrong referee, the referee shall be responsible for the judgment.
When returning to the court after a pause due to objective reasons, the referee should see whether the linesman is in place, whether the athletes should stand in the court and whether the service order is correct.
If an athlete encounters a situation beyond his control, the referee thinks it necessary to suspend the game, but it should be handled with caution and deliberately "delayed" should be strictly controlled.
The referee can postpone the game according to the light, venue and climate conditions at that time, and the postponement of the game needs the approval of the referee.
After the game, the referee should announce the final result of the game, sign the scoreboard and return it to the record office or the designated recipient.
The referee chair should be placed in the center of the court, 0.2 ~ 1.5m away from the net. The linesman's chair should face the line he is responsible for. Foot error referee should be 3 ~ 4.5 meters away from the court; Other linesmen should be close to the screen and curtain and as far away from the stadium as possible. A linesman should not face the sun.
3. The duties of the linesman
The linesman's duty is to report service errors and out-of-bounds, judge the ball on his own line, and have the final decision. If the scorer can't make a decision, the referee should make a judgment or let the scorer serve again.
The linesman accepts the assignment of the referee or the referee committee. Only the referee has the right to replace the linesman.
The linesman should arrive at the venue on time and be in place when the game is announced. You are not allowed to leave your position without the permission of the referee or before another linesman is in place. Of course, he can leave his post at the prescribed rest time. However, when an athlete returns to the field, he should return to his post on time. During the competition, linesmen should not smoke and walk around at will. He should sit as quietly as possible, and any movement will disturb the athletes. If the linesman thinks that his position prevents the player from hitting the ball, he can make every effort to make way for the player, in which case he can temporarily move his position. The linesman should not go out to pick up the ball for the athletes. The work should be done by the pickers. If you don't pick up the team members, the work should be done by the athletes themselves.
A good linesman should be observant. Most balls in the game are easy to judge, but there may be some balls that are difficult to judge. At this time, it is necessary to test the alertness and judgment of a linesman.
"Keep your eyes on the ball all the time in the game" is the motto of the linesman.
The linesman's inattention is fatal to correct judgment. Talking to the audience or paying attention to things unrelated to the game will make the referee judge or make mistakes. The groundskeeper should not talk to the foot error referee.
The linesman must remember that when the ball falls on the line, it should be regarded as falling on the court.
The linesman can announce the following foot errors:
Center server-in charge of the center line.
Linesman-Responsible for linesman assigned to him.
Baseline linesman-the baseline assigned to him when there is no wrong referee.
(1) gesture
Gestures are considered as part of the duties of linesmen. However, gestures can never take the place of announcement-gestures are only an additional action that the linesman decides to punish, and gestures should be regarded as the second place to loudly punish. The linesman or referee must first announce the correct terminology.
There are the following gestures:
(1) Out-of-bounds-arms straight, shoulder-height, pointing in the direction of the ball out-of-bounds.
If the ball falls to the left or right of the linesman, the linesman will immediately extend his left arm or right arm according to the situation, and declare "out of bounds" or "mistake" at the same time. The linesman in charge of the service center line should extend his left arm or right arm as appropriate, depending on the situation in the service area. The linesman's left arm or right arm, located on the referee's side, should be determined according to his position on the court.
(2) Serve-open your palm and move up and down close to the ground. Only when the referee or player has doubts about the ball and asks the linesman to express his views on the ball can the linesman make a good gesture. )
(3) The line of sight was left behind-a ball landed and the line on the court was blocked. If the linesman can't judge whether the ball is a "good ball" or a "foul ball", he can use the gesture of "line of sight is blocked"-shake his hand in front of his eyes and stand up to let the referee see where he is.
(2) Correct judgment
Because of a slip of the tongue or the ball coming too fast, the linesman feels that his judgment is wrong, and then he must change his judgment. If the linesman has announced an "out-of-bounds ball" and immediately realizes that it is a ~ "good ball", he should immediately stand up and shout "correction" to the referee; If the referee or linesman misjudges "service error" or "foul ball" and corrects the judgment when the server serves for the second time, the referee should re-judge the service and give the server the right to serve for the second time, that is, the referee can decide to serve again.
4 online referee's responsibilities
Online referees should sit near online posts; If you encounter a tennis player, you should report a "heavy serve"; If the ball crosses the grid, it should be reported as a "perforated ball".
In order to prevent possible mistakes, the online referee will repeat the score of the game, check with the referee and register the replaced ball.
When the player throws the ball, the referee should put his hand on the net rope. His legs and feet can't reach the court. After the player serves, he quietly takes his hand back from the net.
5-foot error referee duties
The referee with the wrong foot should sit right against the baseline and change from one side to the other when serving. He is not allowed to talk to the linesman.
When a foul is decided, it must be announced loudly for all the audience to hear. He should be very familiar with the rules of foot fault, and only when he determines that the signal violates the rules should he announce the foot fault.
Observing the athlete's foot movements and listening to the sound of the racket hitting the ball, this method can reasonably and accurately judge whether the athlete makes foot mistakes when serving.
6 Precautions for referees and linesmen
Referee's referee principle: Keep your eyes on the ball when you broadcast it live, and concentrate on the game. All judgments and scores should be loud and clear.
Except for the following situations, the referee will not make an announcement: service error, foot error, ball being knocked off the court during live play, ball being hit on the net, foul of any player, ball bouncing twice before playing, and external interference. The referee will announce "re-serve".
(1) The referee uses the following terms with the assistance of linesman.
When the first serve failed, the referee repeated the "error" declared by the linesman.
The linesman will declare "error" when the second serve is wrong, and the referee will report it to double fault.
When the serve touches the net, the online referee announces "serve again" and the referee should repeat "serve again".
If you hit the ball twice in a row, the ball is intercepted before crossing the net, the player touches the net in any way during the live broadcast of the ball, the player's clothes or accessories touch the net during the live broadcast of the ball, and the player's clothes or accessories fall into the opponent's court, it will be declared a "hitting foul".
When the linesman announces "out of bounds", "foot fault" or "re-serve", the referee just repeats the terms he announced without adding words to them. In other words, you don't have to report "has been judged as wrong" and other similar languages, just repeat the terms announced by the linesman.
When one side scores or loses, it is necessary to record the score on the scoreboard and then announce the score of the server. The score of the server should be published all the time, such as 15 to zero, 15 to almost, 15 to 30, 30 to 30, 40 to 30. The scores should be divided equally (40 even is not allowed, and "65438 each" is not allowed.
When "serve first" or "receive first" is announced, "batter first" or "so-and-so first" cannot be reported.
When there is only one referee working alone without the assistance of linesman, he will certainly take on some linesman duties within his power in the chair of the referee.
(2) The linesman has the responsibility to directly announce and determine the following issues.
On Serve-If the first serve is judged as a "mistake", the second serve will still be judged as a "mistake", not "double fault" (Referee).
When the ball is hit out of the field, it is judged to be out of bounds, not out of bounds and out of bounds.
When a good serve is served, announce "heavy serve" instead of "tennis cleaning"
The referee is not determined because of his foot fault or because of his foot fault, but the baseline linesman. For each foul, it can be declared as a "mistake" and reported as a "first serve mistake" or a "second serve mistake".
When the linesman realizes that his judgment is incorrect, he should immediately announce the "corrected judgment" and let the referee see his position. The linesman's sight may be blocked by the athlete, so that he can't judge the line approaching him. He should stand up at once, wave his hand in front of his eyes and declare that "the line of sight is blocked." At this time, the referee should make corresponding decisions according to the rules. If you register according to the "error" announced by the server, then the "re-serve" announced by the online referee should be rejected.
How to stipulate the service in tennis match?
Tennis service is unique. Unlike badminton, we don't exchange service rights for gains and losses, nor do we change the five-point ball like table tennis. But by the rotation of the game, that is, when it is their turn, each player serves the end of the game, and then the other side serves. The service order starts from the right side of the center line, and the server can serve at any position between the center line and the singles line (singles) or doubles line (doubles) behind the center line. After scoring, switch to the left area to serve for the second time. According to this rule, turn to the game to decide the outcome. In the deciding game, the player who serves first serves in the right area 1 point, and then both sides serve in turn, each with two points, and the order is left area first and then right area, until the winner is decided. There are two chances for each serve.
What are the fouls in the tennis match?
Because tennis is a civilized and elegant sport, the management requirements for athletes are also strict, including both on-court constraints and off-court constraints. If the athlete leaves without the permission of the referee during the competition. Don't try your best, stop the game for no reason. Don't attend the award ceremony for no reason. Doing indecent actions, swearing, being instructed by the coach on the spot, playing ball indiscriminately, throwing rackets or equipment, hitting people and other bad behaviors that violate sports ethics will be regarded as violating the code of conduct and fined. When it comes to athletes' foul, we must let everyone know the concept of "three-level penalty system". The so-called three-level penalty system refers to three processes: warning, one penalty, 1 penalty, and cancellation of the game. The details are as follows: if an athlete violates one of the above codes of conduct, the referee can give him a warning and record the content and time of his violation; If the athlete violates any of the above rules again after this, the referee shall punish him for losing 1 point and record it; If the above situation occurs for the third time, the referee will discuss with the referee to cancel his qualification, and after the game, the referee will fill in the ticket in detail according to each record. This is the "three-level penalty system".
Tennis scoring method
First, win a point.
Give your opponent 1 points in the following situations:
1, the server made two consecutive service errors or foot errors.
2. When the receiver hits the ball with a racket before the serve lands, or when the ball touches his body and clothes.
3. When the ball fails to return to the net before landing for the second time.
4. Touch the ground, fixtures or other objects outside the boundary of the opponent's field when hitting the ball.
5. The balloon failed to return when it was empty.
6. In the game, the batsman intentionally swats or catches the ball with the ball, or intentionally touches the ball with the racket for many times.
7. During the "live ball" period, the player's body, racket (whether held in his hand or not) or other objects he wears touch the net, net post, singles post, rope or wire rope, central belt, white cloth at the edge of the net or the ground of the opponent's court.
8. Return the air ball that didn't cross the net (hit the ball over the net).
9. In addition to the racket held in the hand (whether with one hand or both hands), the athlete's body or the object he wears touches the ball.
10, when throwing a bat.
1 1. In the competition, the players deliberately changed the shape of the racket.
Second, win a game.
Every time an athlete wins a goal, he gets 1 point, and the player who wins four points first wins a game. However, when both sides get 3 points, it is "duece". After the "equal share", one side gets 1 point first, which is called "dominant serve" or "dominant serve". Only by continuously scoring 1 point can you win a game. (where 1 points FIFA, 2 points 30, 3 points 40)
Third, win a set.
One side wins six games before winning one set, but when both sides win five games, one side must win two games before winning one set.
Fourth, a tie (also called a tie)
When the number of matches in each game is 6, a tie breaker will be held. First of all, 7 points will win the game and set. If the score is 6, one side must win 2 points.