Oregon-style debate originated from Oregon State University 1924, and Xu Renjie Gray, a professor of oral communication, developed a "cross-questioning" debate system with reference to the debate mode of British and American courts.
1952, Origan-style debate was formally adopted by the National Debate League of the United States, and spread widely in Europe and America, gradually becoming a popular debate system.
1972, the officers and men of the US Navy's Seventh Fleet held an exhibition match in Taipei YWCA Hyde Park Club (now Taipei Advice Club), which introduced this Oregon-style debate to China. At that time, the Institute of International Affairs of Taiwan Province Provincial University translated this debate system into Chinese, and then the Yan Zheng Club of Soochow University formulated a set of five chapters and fifty-six rules for Oregon-style debate.
1974, the "North District College Students Debate Competition" sponsored by the Salvation Army adopted the Origen debating competition system for the first time. In the history of debate in China, it can be said to be a turning point, which completely subverts the traditional five-person debate method.
During the period of 1977, Zhao Jingzhong, a member of Taipei Branch, gave a special speech on "Origin Debate" at the Talent Development Committee, and invited the Central University and the Young Women's Christian Association of Taipei to give a demonstration, thus formally introducing the Origin Debate to Shang Qing, China.
1984, Zhao Huaibi, Chairman of the Oregon Debate Promotion Committee of the General Association, under the instruction of Liu Xiang 'an, President of the General Association, hired a number of experts and scholars in speech and debate, and with the efforts of all members of the Oregon Committee, * * * published the first Oregon Debate Rules, which consisted of four chapters and 56 articles.
1996 Under the guidance and supervision of Zhao Huaibi and Yang Sanfeng, two former general associations, and Professor Zhang Zhengnan from Normal University, Du Jie, Chairman of the Origen Debate Committee of the General Association, served as the convener, and Chairman of the Origen of each district association served as the deputy convener, inviting outstanding Origen predecessors from each branch, and * * * compiled the Origen Debate Rules of the Youth Chamber of Commerce that had been used for 12 years into/kloc-0.
Because the O'Reagan debate originated from the inter-court debate between Britain and the United States, the debaters of both sides, like the plaintiff and the defendant, respectively expounded their arguments and strived for recognition; The chairman is like a judge. On the one hand, he made the game go smoothly.
Protest on the spot according to arbitration; The jury is the jury, which is responsible for deciding success or failure.
Oregon debate system is very important for the cultivation of young businessmen;
(1) can provide a stage for members to express their opinions.
(2) It can encourage members to make more comprehensive preparations for favoritism in advance.
(3) It can train members to react quickly and improvise.
(4) It can cultivate members' logical reasoning and analytical induction ability.
The biggest difference between the Origane debate and the traditional five-person system lies in the debate mode of "asking questions from door to door", which enables the pros and cons to fully achieve the purpose of face-to-face communication. Weiermann, an American oral communication scholar, said in his book The Art of Questioning, "Get used to it. Clear-headed and highly sensitive; Maximum endurance and self-control; Have the ability of intuitive insight into people's hearts; And more importantly, they have the instinct to find each other's weaknesses. Therefore, debaters should use factual examples and logical deduction.
Humor is the most important; Strive to ask questions in depth and rigor, and give full play to the golden god role of Oregon debate.
Primitive debate system
The Oregon Debate System was translated into Chinese by the Institute of International Affairs of Taiwan Province Provincial University and introduced to China. After that, the Yan Zhengxue Society of Soochow University compiled 56 rules of China Oregon Debate. Since the formal introduction of 1963, it has been a common competition system in China.
Section 1 Competition Procedures
At present, the three-person system is widely used in China, so our introduction focuses on the three-person system.
"One" competition procedure
One positive and two negative.
Positive two and negative three.
Positive three negative one
(1) Positive arguments
(2) The second debate question of the opposing side is one.
(3) Argument and argument by the opposing side.
(4) Three arguments in favor are against one.
(5) Argument of pros and cons
(6) The other party's three arguments are correct.
(7) The other side's two arguments
(8) A positive debate and two negative questions.
(9) Three positive applications
(10) Inverse question 3
(1 1) Anti-Three Application
(12) The second question versus the third question.
(13) Take a three-minute break and draw lots to decide the closing order.
(14) Let's argue first.
(15) After the closing statement, the closing statement will be made.
After the conclusion comes out, the leaders of both sides can protest and ask the referee to comment.
"II" Schedule
At present, the "three-three-three-three" system and the "three-five-three-three" system are widely implemented in China, but there is no hard and fast rule on the arrangement of debate time, as long as it is coordinated. Let's see how Cui Dingchang and others explain the book Argument:
In the Origen debate system, each team consists of two players, three players or five players. The number of participants should be agreed in advance according to the length of the competition, and the proportion of time allocation should be determined according to the number of participants. Suppose there are three people in each team, the time is three minutes, the question is three minutes and the conclusion is three minutes. This is the so-called three-thirds system. The Origen Debate Competition in China now adopts the three-person system.
The advantages of Oregon in the second quarter
In this book, there are five characteristics:
Can go deep into the core of the problem.
Compared with previous debates, O'Regan can get better results in exploring problems and pursuing truth.
"Two" can cultivate excellent debaters.
Compared with the traditional debate, the Oregon debate has an interactive questioning part, which makes the debate really study the problem.
Definition of "III" title
At the leaders' meeting, the Oregon Debate clearly defined the topic, so that debaters would not have different opinions on the topic on the spot.
The grading standard of "four" is reasonable.
During the debate, there are three people from each side, regardless of whether they contribute to the debate, at the same time and in the same position. In addition, the Origan system sets different scoring standards according to different arguments, questions and answers. Therefore, the Origan debate system is more reasonable in scoring.
The thoroughness of the provisions of Article 5
Oregon's rules are relatively perfect (such as attachment 1- 1), all of which are divided into five chapters and more than 50 articles, and all the details are included, so that participants in a game can follow the direction.
Quote the main ideas in the book Origan Debate again to illustrate the most important feature of Origan-the important value and position of interactive questioning;
(1) In education,
(1) For the audience, interactive questioning can attract more attention and make the debater run out immediately without being fully prepared. Because of the direct confrontation of debaters, questioning is more like an informal communication, so this way is more acceptable to the audience than the traditional way.
(2) Interactive questioning encourages players to cultivate their adaptability.
(3) Cross-questioning urges debaters to be fully prepared. When the debater bases his reasoning on evidence, he may be questioned by his opponent, so he has to make more efforts in preparing materials than simply speaking.
(4) The debate is obviously focused on several focuses, and every important argument will be obvious, which makes the debate that only makes superficial analysis very fragile.
(5) Interactive questioning provides a training opportunity for young people who are interested in law, social work, teaching, journalism and other industries that need to use dialectics.
(2) As far as competition is concerned,
(1) In the process of questioning, the debater can examine the evidence given by the other side in detail, and the distorted or fabricated evidence is easy to find, so it is much more difficult to cheat victory by fabricating evidence.
(2) It can clarify ambiguous statements and prevent changing positions, which is another advantage of cross-questioning. Any team can clearly understand the opponent's argument, plan content and defense method by asking questions, so that the opponent can expose his position without change.
(3) The fallacy of argument is easier to be picked out. In the process of question and answer, we can get rid of the disguise of words, require the actual causal relationship, give the respondents the opportunity to choose in the predicament, expose their predicament, or exclude irrelevant arguments.
Therefore, in the Oregon system, debaters need to properly master the stage of "cross-questioning" and strive for in-depth and rigorous questions in order to give full play to the advantages of Oregon debate.