Farming agriculture: In most of the pits excavated twice in Hemudu site, 20-50 cm thick accumulation layers of rice, chaff, rice leaves, stems, sawdust and reeds were found, with the thickest part reaching 80 cm. When rice is unearthed, it has golden color, clear glume and straight ears. Experts have identified it as a hybrid variety of cultivated rice, mainly indica rice (accounting for more than 60%). A large number of farm tools, mainly bones, were unearthed with rice, including 170 pieces, of which two bones still had wooden handles and bound rattan. The function of bone plough is similar to the shovel of later generations, and it is a farm tool to turn over the soil, which shows that Hemudu primitive rice farming has entered the "ploughing stage". At that time, paddy fields were distributed in the north and east of the excavation area, covering an area of about 6 hectares, and the highest total output was 18438+0 tons.
Banpo site features:
Banpo ancestors mainly engaged in agriculture in matriarchal clan commune, but also engaged in hunting, fishing, animal husbandry and pottery making. The daily necessities of Banpo people are mainly pottery ... This site proves that Banpo ancestors have entered the agricultural society, and it is the largest and most well-preserved matriarchal village site in the Yellow River Basin, which is of great significance for studying the primitive social history of China.