I watch TV dramas too much, and I often see people in high positions, so I am called a "Taishi". Seeing people with special abilities is called "Buddha". What exactly does a surname, a teacher, a Taibao and a Buddhist in history mean?
(1) the third division and the prince of the third division.
Taishi, Taifu and Taibao were official posts established in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, which were called Sangong at that time, also called Gu Sangong, to distinguish them from Qin and Han Dynasties. Gu Sangong is the highest-ranking official in the sequence of Zhou Dynasty officials. In the Zhou Dynasty, the three fairs had great power. When the son of heaven is young, he can exercise the right to govern the world on behalf of him.
Especially as a surname, he was the "surname" of celebrities in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and Ji Zi was the surname of Yin and Shang Dynasty in Zhou Wang. When Zhou Wuwang attacked Zhou, he was a teacher. Later, Zhou Gongdan (that is, Duke Zhou) became a teacher, and Zhao Gong, who was in the same period as Fuzheng, became a Taibao. The squire was a surname. "Li Ji of the Great Generation" said: "Zhao Gong is a Pacific Insurance, Duke Zhou is a Taifu, and Taigong is a Taishi."
During the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty, Taishi and Taibao were not often placed. Only when the Western Han Dynasty was a teacher, he was copied as an official of more than three fairs. When Lv Hou was in power, he appointed tombs, Shen Shi and others, and later abolished them. After the Han dynasty mourned the emperor, it was reset. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Taifu was a very important official, especially when the emperor was young. Generally, when the emperor ascended the throne, he appointed a teacher, who was the teacher of the emperor. At the same time, he recorded history with the son of heaven and participated in the management of state affairs, which had great power. However, after the death of the former Taifu, no new Taifu will be appointed before the next emperor ascended the throne. In the position sequence, Taifu is higher than the three officials in the Eastern Han Dynasty-Taiwei, Situ and Sikong.
After that, all the dynasties set up official positions such as Taishi, Taifu and Taibao, but they were all empty posts and were awarded as honorary positions to meritorious ministers.
Taishi, Taifu and Taibao were later called "Three Divisions", nominally three teachers of the emperor. Correspondingly, there are Prince Taishi, Prince Taifu and Prince Taibao in the East Palace, which are called "Three Divisions of the East Palace". The Third Division of the East Palace was originally set up to assist the prince, and it was set up according to the ceremony of Zhou in the Western Jin Dynasty. However, after the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Prince Taifu and others were also honored as meritorious ministers.
What needs special explanation is Taibao, which was originally the position of the third division of the imperial court. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, gifts were given so frequently that many people became Taibao. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Li Keyong's 13th appearance was once a Pacific Insurance, so it was also called Thirteen Pacific Insurance. After that, romance novels such as "Tang Shuo" spread. As storytellers passed down from generation to generation, Taibao gradually became synonymous with outlaws, which really made senior officials of scholars who had been Taibao laugh and cry.
(2) Buddhist teachers
Different from Taishi, Taifu and Taibao, Buddhism is completely from another system. "Buddhist" is the title given to monks by the emperor. It is generally believed that the first person to be awarded the title of Buddhist was Chang Fa of the Northern Qi Dynasty. According to the 38th volume of Buddha Chronicle, in the first year of natural forest protection (A.D. 550), Wen Xuandi of the Northern Qi Dynasty often wrote letters to eminent monks, gave lectures in the palace, and then respected Buddhism. However, it is said that there were Buddhist teachers in the Northern Zhou Dynasty at the same time, which means that there may have been Buddhist teachers before. But as early as the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism began to prevail.
However, the name "Buddhist" became popular in India and the western regions much earlier than the central government. The word "Buddhism" has already appeared in many China documents about Indian and Western Regions.
Many dynasties after the Northern and Southern Dynasties appointed eminent monks as Buddhist teachers. Yang Di took Zhi Zhi as the national teacher; Tang Gaozu was called a Buddhist when he was full of wisdom. ...
In the Yuan Dynasty, due to the compatibility of various religions, many Buddhist teachers in the Yuan Dynasty were also integrated with politics and religion. The Lama has certain ruling power over Tibet, and has been specially approved or posthumously awarded by the Yuan government for many times as an imperial historian and a national teacher. In the early Ming Dynasty, although the Yuan system was still used, the Lama was named as "Imperial Teacher" and "National Teacher". However, in the Ming Dynasty, the power of Buddhism was far less than that of the Yuan Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, many Buddhist monks were also given Buddhist teachers.
(3) Summary
Taishi, Taifu and Taibao were also the three fairs in ancient times, and were later called the three divisions. Correspondingly, there are three divisions of the Prince-Prince Taishi, Prince Taifu and Prince Taibao. Cho, you have real power. After Qin and Han dynasties, most of them were empty posts and honorifics.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the position of a teacher was above the three fairs, and he often recorded history and had real power. Taibao was overused in the late Tang Dynasty, because many of Li Keyong's thirteen semes were named Taibao, also known as the Thirteen Taibao, and gradually became synonymous with chivalrous men.
The word "Buddhist" originated from the western regions of India, and it is the emperor's honorific title for a monk.