Marc Chagall is a great man in the history of modern painting. He is an idyllic writer who breaks away from impressionism, cubism and abstract expressionism. His paintings show fantastic and symbolic techniques and colors, and the word "surrealism" was created to describe his works. Xia mainly depicts green cattle and horses flying in the air, lovers lying in lilacs, and two faces turning left and right at the same time, with their heads upside down or flying away, a medieval sculpture.
Xia Jiaer was born in a poor Jewish family in Vichebsk, Russia. From such a family background, he obtained a wonderful set of Russian and Jewish folk stories, inherited a fairy-tale fantasy feeling, and was deeply addicted to Jewish religious traditions.
Mark Xia Jiaer Mark Xia Jiaer, 1887- 1985. French painter, printmaker and designer of Belarusian origin. His works rely on the inherent poetic power, rather than the logical rules of painting, and combine images from personal experience with formal symbols and aesthetic factors. Xia Jiaer worked almost until the last moment of his life. His oil paintings are rich in color and unique in style. He often incorporates Jewish folklore into his works and draws materials from the innocent images of nature. He is a painter who pursues innocence, from Jewish residents in Russia to Paris. Through the experiments and baptism of modern art such as cubism and surrealism, he formed a unique personal style and occupied an important position in the history of modern painting.
The only woman in the painting
"I sat beside the bride like a puppet. Even in the coffin in the future, I may not be so stiff. A mouse boldly climbed up my palette, but I beat it away in an instant. ? "It seems that he will kill people sooner or later. "My wife may think so when she sees this scene."
▲ Portrait of Bella 1955
At the age of 35, Marc Chagall recalled his wedding with his wife Bella in his autobiography My Life. At that time, he was still an unknown poor boy who had just returned to his hometown of Russia from Paris to study painting. Bella is a local rich girl. They met by chance at a dance and fell in love like lightning Shi Huo.
"Her silence, her eyes, everything is mine. She knows me in the past, me now and even me in the future. "
▲ Lover 19 14 years
This is Xia Jiaer's first feeling for Bella, and this inexplicable intuition shows generate's strong love. Facing Bella's excellent family background, he hesitated briefly, but Bella came to see him in the studio every day, bringing his favorite food, such as pie, fried fish and milk. Hiding from her family who are full of disdain for poor painters, she has been gently maintaining their simple love. She became his muse, and her love constantly inspired him like a flowing fountain. This famous work Birthday is the first time that Xia Jiaer poured out their love on the canvas. From then on, there was only Bella in his paintings, his Bella.
▲ "Birthday" 19 14? On July 7th, 19 14, Xia Jiaer forgot that it was his birthday. No wonder he grew up in a poor Jewish family in the Russian town of Vitebsk. His father is a herring worker, and nine children in his family are starving. How can he think of his birthday? On the other hand, Bella is very worried. In order to celebrate for him, she specially put on a beautiful long skirt and got up early in the morning to buy flowers and send them to his residence. Smelling the flowers, Xia Jiaer could no longer resist his feelings. 18 days later, he proposed to her. From then on, she became the only lover in his life.
▲ Walk 19 17 years
"As soon as I opened the window, she appeared here, bringing beautiful sky, love and flowers. Since ancient times, she has been wearing a white skirt or a black skirt, soaring in my paintings, illuminating my artistic path. "
Paris is my second hometown.
Since she married Bella in 19 15, Xia Jiaer has been able to paint with peace of mind. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, the artistic atmosphere in Russia and France was quite different. Different from the dogmatic rigidity under Russian czar's autocracy, Xia Jiaer saw the freedom of colorful art as early as 19 10 when he went to Paris to study painting. Paris at that time was the palace of Impressionism, Post-Impressionism and Fauvism. Numerous museums, commercial galleries and independent salons have brought painters a lot of learning materials and exchanges. Xia Jiaer was pleasantly surprised to find that "all the things I described were brought from Russia, and they were all contaminated with the Parisian atmosphere."
▲ Paris 19 13 years out of the window.
This brand-new world, backward villages, the spirit of freedom and the religious beliefs adhered to since childhood have all brought strong ideological impact to Xia Jiaer. He seems to have come to a strange planet, aimless, unrestrained and attractive in color.
▲ Portrait of Brother David 19 12 years.
During his four years in Paris, 27-year-old Xia Jiaer basically established his own painting style. He began to depict three-dimensional space in his paintings in a dreamy way. These strange spaces seem to get rid of the heavy gravity of the earth. Here, animals can stand upside down and people can fly at will. He can convey his thoughts, happiness and loneliness through the kind eyes of cows, the warm hugs of lovers and the sad eyes of clowns.
My painting is my memory.
Under the light of Parisian free art, Xia Jiaer is naturally unable to adapt to the Russian environment. In particular, after the October Revolution broke out in Russia in 19 17, he was appointed as a member of the Vitebsk regional art people's committee. Due to the growing artistic and political differences with the authorities, he had to secretly flee Russia with his wife with the help of friends of 1922. Even he didn't expect that he couldn't go back to his hometown until his death. The village where he grew up can only be a paradise in his dreams.
▲ selfie 19 14 years
1923, Xia Jiaer and his wife returned to Paris, and he began to paint the Bible and Nicolas Nikolai Gogol's masterpiece "Dead Soul". 1933 held a large-scale retrospective exhibition in the Art Hall of Basel, Switzerland, and 1939 won the Carnegie Prize, which established his reputation as a master of modern painting.
"Even when I came to Paris, my shoes were still stained with Russian soil; In a foreign land thousands of miles away, the foot that I stretched out in my consciousness kept me standing on the land that nourished me. I can't and can't brush off the Russian soil on my shoes. "
My hometown +09 1 1 year
This song My Hometown is Xia Jiaer's most classic masterpiece. There is no normal perspective and logical narrative in the picture, only full of memories: the mother who is milking, the uncle who is carrying a hoe, the kind rabbi (Jewish priest) and the Russian Dome Church. These images are full of rich customs of Russia in the past.
At first glance, "I" seems to be having a cordial conversation with a big cow. Another milkman added it to the cow's head by superposition, and the street in his hometown and a flowering tree were placed at the upper and lower ends of the picture respectively.
Looking closely, the painter's seemingly messy colors are actually ingenious, and the whole painting is full of strange beauty. Xia Jiaer turned the canvas into a geometric stage, leading the audience into a disturbed dream space-time.
▲ "Seven Fingers of Me" 19 12 years
1944 after the outbreak of world war ii, the intensification of Nazi persecution of Jews forced Xia Jiaer and his wife Bella to take refuge in the United States. Facing the cruel war, he can only sigh helplessly, "How I want to move them all to my canvas and hide them there."
But Bella died of lung disease in the United States, and Xia Jiaer's heart fell into darkness. "My world has turned black." 1953, Xia Jiaer returned to France alone, and his zenith painting for the Paris Opera House still overlooks this fantastic theater.
"The only requirement in my life is not to try to get close to world masters such as Rembrandt, Golding and Ding Tolica, but to try to get close to the spirit of my parents and grandparents."
1985 March, Xia Jiaer died in Sao Paulo. He left the world with a unique creative style, which combines the classical innovation with the fantasy reality and still shines with unique brilliance.
▲ "Back to Russia!" 19 12 years
▲ "Zhan" 1966
▲ "Baltic sunshine" 1968