Confucius said: "Those who know are happy, but water; The benevolent is happy, the mountain. Those who know move, those who are good are quiet, those who know are happy, and those who are good live. "
In this regard, Mr. nan huaijin explained: Generally speaking, "People who know water enjoy it" means that smart people like water because it is flowing. "The benevolent Leshan" means that the benevolent likes mountains. If you explain it this way, the problem will be big. To paraphrase Zhuangzi, "the knower enjoys water", so eels, loaches, yellow croaker and mullet all like water. Smart? "benevolent Leshan", so monkeys, tigers and lions are all kind? This explanation is wrong. The correct explanation is "knowledge is fun, water". The happiness of the knower, like water, is carefree and serene, and it will always be lively and splashing. "The benevolent is happy, and the mountain is also." The joy of the benevolent is like a mountain, lofty and great. "Knowing it is fun", knowing it is fun, outlook on life, hobbies and many other aspects; "Benevolent people live long", quiet and educated people are less likely to lose their temper and are impulsive. They look at things calmly, get it hard first, and live longer. This means linking up, so don't follow the ancient explanation: smart people must like water, and kind people must like mountains. This is a big problem.
There is a characteristic of a wise man and a benevolent man. Wise people are optimistic and positive, like water; Benevolent people are deep and heroic, like mountains. In fact, the external performance of a wise man is not that he is lively and active, but that he is flexible and mobile, like water, changeable, slow, static and dynamic, dynamic and appropriate, soft and powerful.
However, the wisdom of the wise does not come from this active and ingenious external performance, but should be sublimated from silence. What does Buddhism mean by "being born with wisdom"? It is concentration, and concentration comes from silence. Therefore, wisdom is born of peace. In this respect, the upright wise man is also the quietest. Get that kind of thing in silence, I forget it, one integrated mass, and reach the natural state. Nature and nothingness are undoubtedly the most natural manifestations of wisdom. As Laozi said, "nature does nothing".
In other words, only when people achieve natural inaction in nothingness, learn from the past and learn from the present, assess the situation, and observe the exquisiteness of heaven and earth, can they grasp the law of the development of things and seize the best opportunity for development. Don't you think those people who studied Taoism in ancient times were like this? Good Tao, quiet meditation, so as to "strategize and win a thousand miles"; When the time is wrong, just "hide from the road and wait for the opportunity", stand on the edge of life and be a bystander; And when the opportunity comes, move out quickly, seize the opportunity and develop yourself. This is wisdom. Only at the right time, when you are still, will you be shocked.
The philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi in China Taoism contains profound wisdom. Laozi and Zhuangzi advocate natural inaction, softness with weakness, and even persistence in disability, detachment from things, and stupidity. Seemingly negative, it actually embodies a superb wisdom of combining rigidity with softness, defeating the enemy and doing the opposite.
Zhuangzi is a man who has a thorough understanding of life, society and people's hearts. He can be detached. Many things are not what they seem. People who often talk about the joy of mountains and forests may not really understand their fun; People who often say that they hate fame and fortune may not want to be promoted to a higher position. A lot of things, only when we come to him, can we see the true spirit; Many things, only experienced, are qualified to really understand; Without experience and judgment, it is impossible to really understand. As Zhuangzi said, "It is not difficult to know, but difficult to say. Knowing without commenting is to reach the realm of nature; Talking casually when you know the Tao is a deliberate act. The ancients pursued lofty nature and ruled by doing nothing. "
Laozi said, "The more you know, the less you say." . Because I don't think it's necessary, I don't want things to get worse. After all, "books are not full of words, words are not full of meaning", and sometimes language really doesn't mean anything. It's better to talk less when not in use. True wise men never speak too fast, but often remain silent. "If you don't sing, it will be a blockbuster."
"The world is interesting, those who get it are speechless, and those who speak it are not." Therefore, Taoism advocates natural inaction and pursues nature, and natural inaction is the state that gains the best way of heaven and earth, the highest wisdom, and the best way of life suitable for all living things.
Laozi's master is called Changzong. When Changzong died, Lao Tzu and his disciples stood in front of Changzong's bed and tried to be students.
Lao Tzu asked the master, "Do you have anything else to tell the students?"
Chang Zong said, "Which is stronger, the tooth or the tongue?"
Before I could answer, Chang Zong began to say, "Look! What else is in my mouth? "
Lao Tzu looked at it and said, "Master, there is nothing in your mouth."
Chang Zong said to Lao Zi, "This is the last lesson I will give you. Weak is stronger than strong. "
Lao Tzu said with tears in his eyes, "Master, whose teacher will I be in the future?"
Chang Zong looked at Lao Zi and said, "In the future, you should take water as your teacher." Then, he added: "If goodness is like water,' water' is the weakest, but' water' has rich enlightenment to life. A wise man is like water. The water will turn a corner when it meets an obstacle, but the flow direction remains the same. This attitude of not playing hardball and not taking a lose-lose attitude is the demeanor of a wise man. It seems weak, but it is infinite. "
Laozi and the students were deeply impressed.
The so-called "kindness is like water, and virtue is like carrying things." Under virtue, it is more intelligent, constantly moving with the trend, either urgent or slow, flexible or static, or trickling, or rushing, roaring, gentle and powerful. As the source of life, it is indeed the most profound revelation and our best teacher. The so-called "water drops pierce the stone", the power of water is extremely powerful, which has always been imitated by ancient intellectuals.
Zhuge Liang's wisdom is well known. His main feature is that he is good at using the law and heaven effectively and won the wisdom of Taoism.
Zhou Yu deliberately embarrassed Zhuge Liang and asked him to give 100 thousand arrows in ten days. He thought Zhuge Liang would refuse because it was too difficult. However, to his surprise, Zhuge Liang said, "Cao Jun came today. If it is built in ten days, it must be a big mistake. "
He said: "I don't need ten days, I can finish it in three days."
Zhou Yu was overjoyed to see him so happy. Immediately made a written pledge to fulfill a military order with Zhuge Liang. In his view, how could Zhuge Liang succeed? In this way, he will die. He had long been jealous of Zhuge Liang's cleverness and wanted to kill him. Therefore, I hope that this time, the communique will be personal.
After Zhuge Liang left, Zhou Yu sent Lu Su to Zhuge Liang's camp to check the movement and find out the truth.
When Zhuge Liang saw Lu Su coming, he said piteously, "How can you make 100,000 arrows in three days? Still hope to help me! "
The kind Lu Su replied, "How do you want me to save you?"
Zhuge Liang said, "I only hope you can lend me 20 boats, each with 30 soldiers." All the boats are covered with green cloth, and there are more than 1000 boats on both sides of each sokcho boat. All this, I have my own wonderful use, and there will be 100 thousand arrows on the third day. But there is one thing you must not let Zhou Yu know! Otherwise, he will get in the way and my plan will be difficult to achieve! "
Lu Su said, "Don't worry."
However, although he agreed to Zhuge Liang's request, he did not understand Zhuge Liang's meaning. When he returned, he kept his promise and didn't tell Zhou Yu about borrowing the boat. He only said that Zhuge Liang did not prepare bamboo, feathers, glue pigments and other items to make arrows. After hearing this, Zhou Yu was also puzzled.
After Zhuge Liang borrowed the boat and the ranks from Lu Su, he made preparations as planned. But for two days in a row, Zhuge Liang did not move. It was not until four o'clock on the third night that he secretly invited Lu Su to the boat and told him to get the arrow.
Lu Su asked inexplicably, "Where can I get it?"
Zhuge Liang replied, "Amethyst doesn't need to ask, just ask."
Confused, Lu Su had to listen to Zhuge Liang's arrangement and accompany him to have a look.
In the early morning, the vast river was foggy and dark. Zhuge Liang ordered the soldiers to connect 20 boats with long ropes and anchor at the camp in Cao Jun on the north shore.
By the fifth watch, the fleet was close to Cao Cao's water village. At this time, Zhuge Liang taught his foot soldiers to spread the head of the fleet in front of Cao. Then, he ordered the foot soldiers to drum and shout, deliberately creating a momentum of drum invasion.
Lu Su was surprised at this scene, but Zhuge Liang said frankly, "I knew that Cao Cao would never dare to rush into battle in this foggy night. You and I will drink as much as possible for fun, and when the fog clears, we will go back. "
When Cao Cao heard the news, he was really worried about the fog, and he was ambushed, so he refused to go to war easily. He drove 6000 crossbowmen from the dry village to the river, and together with the water army archers, about 1000 people shot into the river in an attempt to stop the "Sun Six Allied Forces" beating drums and calling for battle.
At that time, the arrow was like a migratory locust, shooting at the straw handle and curtain on the boat in the middle of the river. After a while, Zhuge Liang calmly ordered the fleet to turn around, head east and tail west, get an arrow near the water village, and let the foot soldiers beat drums and shout.
When the fog cleared at sunrise, all the stalks on the boat were densely covered with arrows. At this point, Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to turn around and return. He also ordered all the foot soldiers to shout loudly: "Thank you, Prime Minister Cao, for the arrow!" " When Cao Cao learned the truth, Zhuge Liang's fleet of arrows had gone more than twenty miles, and Cao Cao was deeply disappointed.
After Zhuge Liang took the fleet back to camp, the soldiers counted and got more than 65438+ ten thousand arrows, which took only three days!
When Lu Su witnessed it, he was so impressed that he even called Zhuge Liang a "god man".
He told Lu Su: "I know not only astronomy and geography, but also strange Yin and Yang. He is better at deployment and military intelligence in marching operations. Three days ago, he expected that there would be heavy fog, so he performed the drama of lending a straw boat to shoot arrows. " Then he said, "My life depends on the sky. Can Zhou Gong Jin hurt me? " When Zhou Yu learned all this, he was shocked and sighed.
Why is Zhuge Liang so wise? This is the result of his good practice of law.