1. When is it appropriate to have a pre-pregnancy examination?
Generally speaking, the pre-pregnancy check-up for both husband and wife is the most suitable in 3 ~ 6 months before pregnancy, and the corresponding time should be reserved in nutrition, folic acid supplementation and vaccination. Even if it is not suitable for pregnancy during pre-pregnancy examination, timely prevention and treatment can be carried out before pregnancy.
2, the woman's key inspection items before pregnancy
(1) oral test
Examination contents: teeth, oral mucosa, periodontal tissue and dentition.
Objective: The oral health of expectant mothers will directly affect the oral health of babies. If there are oral problems during pregnancy, considering the influence of treatment methods and medication on the baby, the treatment will be limited, and the expectant mother will suffer great treatment pain.
(2) Torch detection
Examination contents: Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, rubella virus and herpes simplex.
Objective: If the expectant mother is infected with the above diseases, the pathogen can spread vertically through the placenta, leading to embryo stagnation, abortion, stillbirth, premature delivery, congenital malformation and so on. It even affects the intellectual development of the baby after birth. The infection rate of rubella virus can be as high as 60% to 70%. The situation of "rabbit lips" that we often see is caused by rubella virus infection; Women who keep cats and dogs at home should pay special attention to Toxoplasma infection.
(3) reproductive hormone examination
Examination contents: follicle stimulating hormone FSH, estradiol E2 and progesterone P.
Objective: To detect the ovarian function and hormone level in women. If the above tests are abnormal, it is very likely that it is difficult to conceive or the baby is unhealthy.
(4) Color B-ultrasound examination contents: uterus and accessories.
Objective: Uterus is an important reproductive organ of women, and it is an important place for menstruation and childbirth. If women suffer from gynecological diseases such as hysteromyoma, endometriosis and ovarian tumor, it is likely to cause the harm of ectopic pregnancy.
3. Key items of male pre-pregnancy examination
(1) Semen examination
Sperm examination is the most important examination item before pregnancy. Sperm quality, sperm vitality and sperm survival rate are the necessary conditions to ensure whether a wife can conceive and give birth normally.
(2) Urogenital system examination
The health of male genitourinary system has a great influence on the health of the next generation. Before pregnancy, if a man finds that there is something wrong with testicular development, it is necessary to determine whether he suffers from parotitis, cryptorchidism, testicular trauma, testicular swelling's pain, urethral discharge and other symptoms, and seek medical advice in time.
(3) Inspection of special infectious diseases
If the man has not had a physical examination for several years and has not had a premarital examination before marriage, it is very necessary to have a check-up for infectious diseases such as hepatitis, syphilis and AIDS before pregnancy.
4. Three benefits of pre-pregnancy examination
1, pre-pregnancy examination is beneficial to future generations.
In addition to the general physical examination, the items of pre-pregnancy examination include blood routine, urine routine, hepatitis B surface antigen and the detection of some special pathogens. Where conditions permit, chromosome testing should be carried out to avoid hereditary diseases. If men are exposed to radiation, chemicals, pesticides or high-temperature operations, which may affect germ cells, they should be examined for semen; If you suspect that you have sexually transmitted diseases or have ever had sexually transmitted diseases, you should have a sexually transmitted disease test. Find abnormalities, or advise them not to give birth, or treat them in time if they can give birth, or pay attention to some problems if they can give birth, so that both parties can get pregnant in the best health. So as to effectively control and prevent congenital diseases and fetal malformations, reduce the rate of birth defects and ensure the health of infants. And seriously ill children are not only physically defective, but also prone to inferiority complex, which is not conducive to their healthy growth in the future.
2. Pre-pregnancy examination is beneficial to pregnant women.
Through pre-pregnancy medical examination and prenatal and postnatal guidance, both husband and wife can know their health status before pregnancy, find out the related high-risk factors and know whether they can get pregnant safely. And before pregnancy, we should intervene the factors that affect prenatal and postnatal care, so as to reduce the occurrence of abortion, pregnancy complications and maternal mortality, thus ensuring the health of mothers. Through pre-pregnancy examination, you can also learn about fertility knowledge and health care knowledge from doctors, so that pregnancy and delivery can be smoother.
3. Pre-pregnancy examination is beneficial to the family.
It used to be after pregnancy. If you find yourself infected with the disease, you may face some heavy choices: termination of pregnancy? Or risk birth defects? This has added sadness and troubles to the originally happy family, affected physical and mental health, and even led to the breakdown of marriage. Ensuring high-quality pregnancy through pre-pregnancy examination is conducive to building a harmonious and happy well-off family. Because every time a seriously ill child is born, many families are poor due to illness.