1. Learn the structure of "total-division-total" in this article.
2. Master the classical Chinese words and sentence patterns in the article.
3. Understand the exquisite carving skills and outstanding achievements in ancient China.
Teaching assumption
1, this article is very concise. The full text is 433 words, which not only introduces the exquisite skills of sculptor Wang Shuyuan in general, but also explains the subtleties of nuclear ship carving in detail; Vivid image. Su Shi, Fo Yin, Lu Zhi and Zhou Zi carved on the boat have their own shapes. The cabin, windows and couplets on the nuclear ship are vivid. Clear hierarchy, first general introduction, then specific description, in the specific description, first say the cabin, then the bow, stern, roof, and finally summary; The key point is clear. The nuclear boat is engraved with the inscription "Red Cliff of the Great Soviet". This paper focuses on the third paragraph of the scene where Su Dongpo and others are sitting at the bow, and the word 13 1 is used, accounting for 30% of the total words in the full text.
2. To understand the meaning of the text, we should first read this classical Chinese and understand the meaning of the words in the text. In teaching, you can explain sentence by sentence, paragraph by paragraph, make clear the meaning of the text, and finally make a summary.
Class arrangement
2 class hours.
first kind
[Teaching Focus]
1, accurate pronunciation and sentence reading, reading articles.
2. Explain paragraphs 1 and 2 of the article.
teaching process
First, students read the text separately.
Requirements:
1, with the help of notes and dictionaries, understand sentences.
2. Think about what each paragraph is mainly about.
3. If you don't understand something in reading, you can raise your hand and ask questions at any time.
Second, students read the text aloud.
Let three students each read a part. Problems in reading aloud can be solved immediately or left to cross talk, depending on the situation.
Iii. Explanatory text 1 and paragraph 2
Paragraph 1 explains: "There were smart people in the Ming Dynasty", "smart", clever, "smart", clever and extraordinary. "You can use one-inch diameter wood to make a palace", "take" and "use"; "Wood", wood, wood; "Wei", system, here refers to sculpture. "wood stone", "wood", tree. "Don't let it happen. Each has its own modality ","useless ",nothing; "cause", according to; "ju" has. The object after the predicate "one" in this sentence is "Yu He Zhouyi", which is a double object. The above explanations of "Gaida Pan Su Chibi Cloud" and "Gai" can be translated into "Yes"; "Pan", boating, "Pan" floating; "Cloud", modal particle, meaningless.
Question 1: What is the main content of this paragraph?
Description: The main content of this passage is to briefly introduce the superb skills of Wang Shuyuan, a sculptor in the Ming Dynasty, and explain the origin of the nuclear ship.
Question 2; In the introduction, the superb skills of craftsmen are explained from several aspects.
Description: The craftsman's skill is superb and extraordinary from two aspects: First, the craftsman is good at micro-carving, and can carve palaces, utensils, figures and other shapes on the "diameter inch wood"; First of all, craftsmen carve what looks like on small materials, all of which have their own forms.
The second paragraph explains that "the captain is about eight odd" and "you" are used between integers and zero; Odd, zero, remainder. "Zhong Xuan is a hut" and "Xuan" are high above; "open", open; "For", yes. "Open the window to see, the carved fence is opposite", "open", open; "Er", connecting adverbial and predicate; "Wang" means "Fang" and "Bi", which means just the opposite. "Together, it is carved right", "then", conjunction, just (see).
Question 1: What is the main content of this paragraph? What's the rule?
Description: The main content of this paragraph is to explain how and what the cabin of this small nuclear ship was carved. The top of the cabin is covered with a canopy made of bamboo leaves, and there are four small windows on each side of the cabin. These eight small windows can be opened and closed. When you open it, you can see the carved railings on the left and right. After closing, you can see that the right window is engraved with the words "the mountain is high and the moon is small, the bottom is clear", and the left window is engraved with the words "the breeze is Xu Lai, and the water waves are quiet", which is 18. This nuclear ship is only over eight minutes long, with only two yellow meters high. It has a 1 ceiling (you can see what it is made of), eight windows (which can be opened and closed), left and right railings (with patterns), and the words 16 are engraved in the cabin (the words are clearly visible).
Question 2: What is the main explanation of this paragraph?
Interpretation: This paragraph mainly adopts the method of numerical interpretation. How big, how long and how high the nuclear ship is, and how many things are carved in the cabin, each with its own number, which is clear and clear. When compared with the other party, its meaning is clear at a glance.
Fourth, homework
1. Read the text and let the students recite it.
2. Read paragraphs 3 to 6, find out the meaning of each sentence and understand the meaning of each paragraph.
Second lesson
[Teaching Focus]
1, explain paragraphs 3 ~ 6.
2. Throughout the full text, we can understand the excellence of ancient sculpture art in China. ..
This article is concise. Say it first and then keep saying it. Learn classical Chinese words and sentences.
teaching process
First, check the homework.
Ask students to read 3 ~ 6 paragraphs; Ask the students to answer the meaning of these four paragraphs. Comment as appropriate after answering.
Secondly, explain paragraphs 3 to 6.
The third paragraph explains: "Dongpo is full of stubble in the crown", "Hubei" and "Hubei" are towering; "For", yes. "Fo Yin is right" and "home" are located in. "Dongpo holds the tail with his right hand and caresses Lu Zhi's back with his left hand", "grip", grip; "end", head; Touch it, press it and put it on it. "Lu Zhi holds the end of the book in his left hand", "the end" and the tail. "Two knees compared", "than", together; "Zhe" means that the attribute is post-positioned, and the attribute is simplified as "two knees are compared". "Each hidden scroll is at the bottom fold", omitting the sentence pattern, and omitting "Yu" after "hidden". "Fo Yin is absolutely Maitreya Buddha", "absolute", extremely; "Class", similar. "Left arm misses the pearl, lean on it", "lean on it", lean on it; "Branch" replaces the left knee. "Beads can be counted vividly" and "vividly" are clearly counted.
Question 1: What is the main content of this paragraph?
Description: The main content of this paragraph is to explain how and what the bow of a small nuclear ship is carved. Sitting in the bow are Su Dongpo, Huang Luzhi and Fo Yin. Three friends got together and went boating in Chibi. They have different personalities and moods. Su Dongpo, the owner of My Beard is sitting in the middle, reading with Huang Luzhi, who is sitting next to Zuo Shou. A "hand roll" is placed on the knee, * * * with appreciation and appreciation, with a focused look. "Fo Yin is very much like Maitreya," bared his chest and held his head high ",with an extraordinary expression. His right knee is on the ground, his right arm is propped up, his left arm is placed on his left knee, and a string of rosary beads is hung on his left arm. The number of beads is clear.
Question 2: What are the characteristics of this article in description?
Description: there are three characteristics: one is to show God in form. Su Dongpo's "I am proud but full of beard" is full of secular experience and persistence, "touching Lu Zhi's back with his left hand" and "reading with his * * *". Affectionate Su Dongpo loves poetry and painting and devotes himself to friendship. Huang Luzhi's "The right hand refers to the scroll, if you have something to say", read it with friends and leaned over to make a sound; Fo Yin's "bare breasts, hold your head high", "lying on your right knee", "standing on your left knee" and "thinking about pearls" all show a detached look, like Maitreya. The three men are lifelike in appearance and different in temperament. Second, the contrast is sharp. Su Dongpo and Fo Yin, one is a poet with lofty talents and deep feelings, and the other is a peerless monk. Their patterns are quite different, and the sharp contrast shows the sculptures. Third, the brushwork is exquisite. It can be seen that the wrinkles of "bottom pleat", "rosary" are clear and distinct, and "countable and vivid". The nuances are so clear and clear that they show extraordinary carving.
Question 3: Why is this paragraph written more?
Note: The content of this paragraph is closely related to the intention of "Great Soviet Red Cliff" engraved on the nuclear boat, which can best show this intention, so the author takes this paragraph as the focus of the full text and writes more.
The fourth paragraph explains: The main content of this paragraph is to explain the carving of the stern part of the nuclear boat. The subject of this sentence is "left and right", not "left and right", and the predicate is the subject-predicate structure "take your positions"; "Zi" refers to people, such as "men and women". "People who live on the right's back" and "Home" are located in. "If the right hand climbs the right toe, it will scream" "Climb", grab and pull; "Form", situation. "The person who lives on the left holds a palm leaf fan in his right hand and touches the stove in his left hand", and "palm leaf sunflower", also called palm leaf sunflower, is an evergreen tree of Palmae; "caress", caress. "People look at the end with silence", "end", straight and right; "Rong", appearance
Question: Judging from this passage, is the ship moving or stopping? Where did you see it?
Description: The ship has stopped. This can be seen from two aspects: first, "the stern is sideways" and the paddle has been put down, indicating that the ship has stopped. One was made by two boatmen. The other is "on his back", with his left hand leaning against the beam, his right hand poking his toes and his mouth still howling emotionally. He didn't steer; The other is that he holds a palm leaf fan in his right hand to fan the fire to make tea. All his attention was focused on making tea, not sailing.
The fifth paragraph explains: The main content of this paragraph is to explain the carving on the top of the nuclear ship. "Then write on it", "Then", just; "Title", writing, here refers to lettering; "Name", word. "Wen yue,' the apocalypse and autumn are endless, and the book of King Yushan has just been engraved'", "Wen", the word; "Yue" means "the autumn of the apocalypse", that is, the autumn of the second year of the apocalypse (A.D. 1622) when (xρ) lived, and Su Shi's "Qian Chibi Fu" was written in the autumn of the apocalypse, that is, the "Fu" in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (A.D. 1082). "Tick" and "tick", the word is tick.
The sixth paragraph explains: The main content of this paragraph is to summarize what is engraved on the nuclear ship. Finally, the author directly expressed his admiration for Wang Shuyuan's "ingenuity" in carving skills, so as to end the full text. "knowing a boat is five", "pass", all, all; "For", yes. "For the canopy, for ... for the rosary" and "each one", including the canopy, rosary and so on. It's not just a rosary. "Those who cover peach stones and narrow them must do it" and "Jane", selected; "for", making. "Hey, the technique is also very strange", "Hey, wow; Spirit ",goodness and goodness; Strange ",strange and rare.
[Abstract]
1, Question: This article is well written. What's so good about it? What are the advantages?
Description: This article has four advantages: conciseness and exquisiteness, vivid image, clear hierarchy and clear focus. (See "Teaching Ideas" for details)
2, the word polysemy:
Pro: ① Do it. "For the palace, the device is also", "cover the peach stone and narrow it". ② Yes. "The cabin is spacious in the middle" and "Dongpo is crowned in the middle". 3 yes. If you plan a boat, you will be five.
Wood: ① wood, wood. "You can use inches of wood."
Two trees. "Even birds and animals, wood and stones."
Yue: ① It's called. There was a wise man named Wang Shuyuan in the Ming Dynasty.
② Yes. "The article says' Chu Pingshan people'".
Odd: ① strange. "There were Kit Kat people in the Ming Dynasty." ② j: zero, remainder. "The boat is about eight minutes long from beginning to end."
There are: ① verbs, indicating existence. "There were people with kit kat in the Ming Dynasty" and "There was a pot on the stove".
② y u, used between integer and zero. "Eight odd", "for the word * * * thirty has four".
The end: ① the beginning. Dongpo holds the tail in his right hand.
2 straight, straight. His eyes are silent.
3. Special sentence patterns:
Omit the sentence "each hiding in the bottom fold", and omit "Yu" after "hiding". "Then the name is on it", and "Yu" is omitted after "name".
The attribute "whose knee is compared" is placed after the head word "knee" and "zhe" is placed after the attribute.
In addition, there is a sentence with double objects in the text: "Taste the rest of the nuclear boat." The double object is "Yu, nuclear boat one"
Third, homework
1. Read the full text and recite the third paragraph. Those who can recite the full text will recite the full text.
2. Do the exercises behind the text.