Reduction means to change a fraction into a fraction equal to it, but with smaller numerator and denominator, which is called reduction. Method of reduction: (1) Gradually reduce. Divide by the common factor of the numerator and denominator (except 1) until the numerator and denominator only have the common factor 1. (2) One-time reduction method. Directly divide by the greatest common divisor of numerator and denominator (except 1).