In the northwest of Fangshan Chengguan, there is a village called Yangtougang, which was called Yangtougang in the Tang Dynasty and Longtougang in the Five Dynasties. 1000 years ago, the terrain in this area was mixed, with trees and steep hills. Later, Jin and the geese fought bloody battles here.
In 907, Zhu Wen destroyed the Tang Dynasty and established Hou Liang, and the Central Plains entered the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. At this time, Liu Rengong and Liu Shouguang were the father and son who separated Youzhou (now Beijing). In the ninth year of Tangzhuang (9 12), Li, the king of Jin (Zhuang Zongchu was the king of Jin), occupied Taiyuan. After years of fighting, he finally defeated Zhu Wen, the ancestor of Hou Liang. Since then, he has been traveling east. He sent Zhou Dewei, a "ZTE star", to lead a 30,000-strong crusade against Liu Shouguang, who proclaimed himself in Youzhou. Liu Shouguang and his son occupied Youzhou during the melee between Houjin and Houliang, calling themselves Emperor Dayan. So the two armies fought a decisive battle in Longtougang. This matter can be found in Fangshan County Records, compiled in the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928).
For the convenience of narration, we need to know the coaches of both sides first. Let's talk about Li (885-925), that is, the post-Tangzhuang school. He was the founder of the post-Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, and his reign was 923-925. Shatuo (now Bogda Mountain in Xinjiang) was born in Yazi, a fine print, and was also called Yazi at that time. His ancestral name was Zhu Xiechi, and Tang Yizong named him Li. Father Li Keyong was named King of Jin, refused to accept the Hou Liang regime established by Zhu Wen, and still used the name of the Tang Dynasty. After he succeeded to the throne, he carried out reforms, rectified military discipline, and fought hard with Houliang for many years. In the first year of Tongguang (923), he acceded to the throne in Weizhou, with the title of Tang, which was called the later Tang in history, and Luoyang as its capital, unifying the Yellow River basin. Besides, the Great Yan Emperor Liu Shouguang (? —9 14), born in Leshou, Shenzhou (now xian county, Hebei Province) in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, was the son of Liu Rengong. In the first year of Kaiping in Hou Liang (907), the prisoner's father became an independent envoy of Youzhou because of his affair with his father's concubine Luo Shi. He fought with his brother Shouwen for many years and killed him, becoming more and more arrogant and cruel. He invited Hou Liang and Wang Jin to seek official titles. Kaiping five years (9 1 1 year), self-titled Dayandi.
After Liu Shouguang proclaimed himself emperor, he changed his name to "Yingtian" and immediately transferred troops to expand. In the same year (9 1 1), in October, soldiers were transferred to the south, ready to capture Yizhou and Dingzhou. Wang's coach, Fan, was forced to turn to Hedong Li. Prior to this, Li had sent his liegeman Li to Youzhou to "congratulate" Liu Shouguang on becoming emperor, to help him become arrogant, but at the same time he did not submit to him, in order to anger Liu Shouguang. This trick really worked, and Liu Shouguang quickly locked Li up. These practices laid the fuse for Li to send troops to attack Youzhou. After receiving Wang's distress letter, he immediately moved eastward. Zijian Volume 268 records the fighting between the two armies: "In May of the second year of the Five Dynasties (9 12), Lord Yan (Liu) sent him to fight Shan Tinggui and led 10,000 soldiers to meet Zhou Dewei at Longtougang. Tinggui said, "I will capture Zhou today to present him." Youwu, Dewei has a nickname. When I saw Germany and Wei in the battle, I slowed down my guns and crossed them one by one. The gun hit Dewei on the back. Dewei dodged sideways and fought back against Tingui's fall, but he was captured alive and placed at the military gate. Yan Bing retreats, Dewei leads the troops to pursue, and Yan Bing is defeated. Beheaded 3,000. When the court is expensive, it will also be lost, and the Yan people will lose their gas. According to Biography of the Old Five Dynasties, Hedong Army also captured "General Li Shanhai and other 52 members" in this campaign.
Zhou Dewei (? —9 19), known as "Zhongxing Daxing" in history, was a Mayi native of Shuozhou (now northeast of Shuozhou, Shanxi) in the Five Dynasties, with the word Zhenyuan and the small character Wu Yang. He is famous for his bravery and resourcefulness. At first, he rode as General Li Keyong, King of Jin, and was in charge of the official's son. During their years of fighting, Li Keyong, Li and his son repeatedly made meritorious military service and made peace with Zhongshu thanks to our army. Wang Wanfeng, the festival teacher of Houlianggong Town, ordered reinforcements to lure the enemy out of the camp, so that fewer troops could win more. Zhou Dewei was ordered to attack Liu Shouguang this time, so he was determined to win. We can imagine that after Zhou Dewei captured Zhuozhou, it attracted the victorious soldiers to March into Youzhou. The reason why the two armies fought in Longtougang instead of Liangxiang is because there is a piedmont passage from the mountain range west of Zhuozhou to Youzhou, which goes south from Jin Kui Otani, passes through Baomen Pass, teaches the military field, reaches the Red Coal Plant, and then goes east along the ancient Shui Sheng River (now Dashi River), passing through Fozizhuang, Heilongguan, Bangezhuang and Hebei, Shandong and Henan. Shan Tinggui started from Youzhou and took the road. He set out from Liangxiang, crossed the Dashi River to the west, just behind the leading Okayama, and stopped Zhou Dewei troops who wanted to enter Hebei from the ancient road in front of the mountain. For Shan Tinggui, the fighter plane was just caught, because after Zhou Dewei led the troops into the mountain road, the mountain was high and dense, and the road was rugged, so it was not suitable for combat. The terrain of Longtougang is obviously easy to kill. Facing the confrontation between the two armies, Zhou Dewei's plan to attack Youzhou from the ancient mountain road has been seen through by the other side. Only a desperate battle has a chance, so both sides are determined to win. We can also infer that Shan Tinggui traveled more than 100 miles to intercept Hedong troops. This is called a tired teacher. And Zhou Dewei is from Zhuozhou out of the city, along the way. Now that Yan Jun has blocked the way, let's take the victorious soldiers to fight Yan Jun. This not only saves the pain of running around the mountain road, but also saves food and grass. For Shan Tinggui, who is eager for success, what he wants is a quick victory. So he boasted to his subordinates, "I caught Zhou today." This made the mistake of arrogant soldiers underestimating the enemy. When stabbing Zhou Dewei with a gun, Zhou Dewei cheated and left his paralyzing opponent. Shan Tinggui chased after him, and when he stabbed him in the back with a gun, Zhou Dewei dodged sideways. So, Shan Tinggui was exposed to Zhou Dewei, so he was shot down by Zhou Dewei and captured alive. As the saying goes, the defeat is like a mountain. As soon as the commander-in-chief started the war, he fell under his horse, and the "three-thousand-level beheading" became the autumn wind sweeping away the leaves. At the same time, more than 50 generals were captured by Hedong troops. The battle of Longtougang weakened Liu Shouguang, which made him lose at home and forced him to retreat to the isolated city.
In the second year of the Battle of Longtougang, that is, the third year of Ganhua (9 13), Zhou Dewei led troops to capture Jizhou, Juyongguan and other military towns successively, and Liu Shouguang repeatedly demanded peace, but they were all rejected. Since then, Li went to Youzhou to surrender, and also "folded the bow into an alliance and let it be preserved." But at this time, Liu Shouguang was unwilling to surrender, so Li breached the city. After Hedong troops entered the city, they only caught Liu Rengong who was imprisoned. Liu Shouguang led his cronies and family members to flee to the south, and was captured by Hedong Army when he went to Le Yan County, Tanzhou, and escorted back to Youzhou. Later, Liu Rengong and Liu Shouguang were beheaded by Li in Taiyuan. It can be said that the battle of Longtougang was the turning point of Yan Jin's victory and defeat.