About the author:
Wei Guangsen, male, researcher, doctor of preventive veterinary medicine of Nanjing Agricultural University, doctoral supervisor of graduate school of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Born on March 3rd, 1956, from Xifeng County, Liaoning Province. 1980 graduated from the Department of Veterinary Medicine of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University and stayed as a teacher. 1980- 1994 successively served as teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor and director of microbiology teaching and research section of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University. 1995-2002 Director of Liaoning Yikang Biological Products Factory. From 2002 to 2005, he served as the stationmaster of Liaoning Animal Epidemic Prevention Station. In June 2005, he was transferred to Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences as a doctoral supervisor.
Since 1980, he has been engaged in the prevention and treatment of animal infectious diseases and the research of biological products. He has successively undertaken many studies such as the national "863" plan project "Pilot study on CPB-ST bivalent genetic engineering vaccine for calf and lamb diarrhea", the major scientific research project of Liaoning Province "Study on bivalent genetic engineering vaccine for piglet Escherichia coli ST 1-LTB" and "Study on trivalent genetic engineering vaccine for piglet Escherichia coli K88-ST 1-LTB". He has won the second prize and the third prize 1 item of Liaoning provincial government for scientific and technological progress. He published more than 1 10 scientific research papers, obtained 7 scientific research patents, edited and published 3 professional books, and trained more than 20 graduate students. 1999 received special government allowance from the State Council, and was awarded the title of provincial model worker by Liaoning Provincial People's Government in the same year. In 2005, he was awarded as an outstanding scientific and technological worker in Liaoning Province. He is also the deputy editor-in-chief of Modern Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, the editorial board member of China Veterinary Magazine, the member of Veterinary Biological Products Management Committee of People's Republic of China (PRC) (China) Ministry of Agriculture, the member of chinese society for microbiology Veterinary Microbiology Professional Committee, the vice chairman of Biological Products Branch of China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Society, and the vice chairman of Livestock and Poultry Infectious Diseases Branch of China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Society.
Prevention methods of sheep diseases;
Infectious pustule (sheep's mouth sore)
Infectious pustules in goats, commonly known as sheep's mouth ulcers, are an infectious disease caused by viruses, which are characterized by papules, pustules, ulcers and verrucous thick scabs on the skin and mucous membranes of the mouth and lips.
Clinical symptoms: the disease can be divided into lip type, hoof type and vulva type, but lip type infection is the main symptom. The sick sheep have scattered small erythema on the upper lip of the mouth or nose mirror, and then gradually become papules and nodules, and then become blisters, pustules and abscesses, which merge with each other and spread to the whole mouth and lips, forming a large area of scab skin, which is getting thicker and thicker, and the whole lips are swollen, everted and mulberry-shaped, which seriously affects feeding. Sick sheep are characterized by salivation, mental atrophy, rough fur and getting thinner.
Treatment: Comprehensive prevention and treatment measures can obviously shorten the course of disease, and the effect is remarkable.
Firstly, the infected sheep were isolated and bred, and the pens were thoroughly disinfected. Feed sick sheep with soft feed and forage grass, such as bran powder, grass and soft hay, to ensure clean drinking water.
After peeling off the scab skin, all the scab skin must be peeled off, then the wound surface should be cleaned with light salt water or 0. 1% potassium permanganate aqueous solution, and then the wound surface should be wiped with 2% gentian violet (purple liquid) or iodine glycerin (tincture of iodine, Li Gan: 1: 1) for 3-5 days. At the same time, intramuscular injection of VE 0.5- 1.5g and VB20-30g twice a day for 3-4 days.
Prevention: Protect sheep's skin and mucosa from damage, and do a good job of disinfection of the environment.
Specific prevention: prevention with vaccine, freeze-dried vaccine with attenuated cells of sheep's mouth blister without epidemic area, 0 head. 2 ml, oral mucosa injection, emergency inoculation, only for internal scratches, or you can take off the scabbed skin of the mouth and lips of the affected sheep, cut it into powder, and then dilute it with 5% glycerol sterilized saline to 1% concentration, apply it on the inside, and the skin scratches or thorns are planted in the ears, which can prevent diseases and have a good effect.
Infectious pleuropneumonia
Goat contagious pleuropneumonia is an acute contagious disease caused by goat filamentous chlamydia. It can be infected by air droplets through the respiratory tract. Continuous rain, cold and humidity, crowded sheep and other factors are conducive to the occurrence of infection, mainly in winter and early spring hay season. Sheep lack nutrition and are prone to colds and colds, so their body resistance is reduced and they are more likely to get sick. The mortality rate after illness is higher, with an incidence rate of 87% and a mortality rate of 34.5%.
Clinical symptoms: the sick sheep has high fever, and the initial body temperature rises as high as 465,438+0-42℃, showing persistent or intermittent fever. The sick sheep were depressed, unresponsive and lost appetite, but with the development of the disease course, their desire to drink increased, and they had difficulty breathing. At the beginning, they sometimes groaned, wheezed, wet coughed and serous nose, and after 65,438+0 weeks, they became purulent and rusty. Pressing the sheep chest wall shows sensitive pain, and auscultation shows wet lungs.
Diagnosis: Because the epidemic law, clinical manifestations and pathological changes of this disease are very characteristic, it is not difficult to diagnose according to these three aspects, and it is necessary to isolate and identify the pathogen.
Treatment: After diagnosis, healthy sheep and sick sheep were kept in isolation, and the sheephouse, trough and surrounding environment were disinfected with 20% lime milk. Every sick sheep was given "9 14" intravenous injection or sulfadiazine subcutaneous injection, or given enough doses of oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol at the early stage of the disease. The special effect of deep intramuscular injection of sick sheep (Jilin biological products development) is 0. 1 ml/kgbw, and the effect is remarkable.
Prevention: Immunization is an effective measure to prevent the disease. Inject goat contagious pleura pneumonia vaccine in May every year, 5ml for each sheep and 3ml for each lamb.
Sheep pox is an acute febrile infectious disease caused by bean virus, which is characterized by special papules and herpes (acne rash) on skin and mucosa.
Clinical symptoms: The incubation period of goat pox is 6-8 days. At the beginning of the disease, the nostrils are blocked and breathing is forced. Some goats have serous or mucinous snot, swollen eyelids, conjunctival congestion and serous secretions. The body temperature rises to 465,438+0-42℃, and there are lumps and rashes around the nostrils, face, ears, back, chest and abdomen, and hairless areas of limbs, which are 20 cents to 1 yuan coins. The whole process takes about 4 weeks. Goat pox is complicated with inflammation of respiratory tract, digestive tract and joints, which can cause sepsis and even death in severe cases.
Treatment: Penicillin, streptomycin and mycin were ineffective against goat pox, and the disease stopped after vaccination with goat vaccine.
① immune serum: goat 10-20ml, lamb 5- 10ml.
② Symptomatic treatment: 10% sodium chloride solution 40-60 cc or sodium bicarbonate solution 250cc, intravenous drip. Wash the affected area locally with 1% potassium permanganate solution, and then apply iodine glycerin. ③ Supportive therapy: 65438+500cc of 00% glucose solution, 40cc of 5% calcium gluconate, 3.8 million penicillin, 2g of streptomycin, one-time intravenous drip.
Prevention: ① Pay attention to environmental sanitation at ordinary times and strengthen feeding management; ② Quarantine: In particular, imported breeding sheep will be quarantined for 4 weeks without mixed quarantine.
③ Vaccination was carried out in the epidemic area, and 0.5ml/ animal/tail root attenuated vaccine was injected subcutaneously, and the immunization period was one year.
④ Sick goats should be isolated and disinfected immediately, and dead goats should be buried immediately to prevent the spread of the disease.