Since Dong Wang moved the capital to Zhou, Zhou's advantage as the most powerful son of heaven is gone forever, and the major governors gradually replaced it, first in the Spring and Autumn Period, and then in the Warring States Period.
However, in these hundreds of years, the state of Qin has changed from a small country that is located in a wild place and even embarrassed to attend the gatherings of the countries in the Central Plains, to what Jia Yi wrote, "the switch is to delay the enemy, the teacher of nine countries, wandering around and not daring to enter." China's most powerful vassal, with the power of one country, launched various struggles with the six countries in Kanto, and finally succeeded in unifying the six countries.
There is no doubt that Qin is powerful. Why was such a powerful Qin easily breached by Liu Bang? I used to rely on famous soldiers who fought in all directions. What about the generals who have made great contributions to the great cause of reunification, such as Wang Jian and Meng Tian?
Wang Jian, Wang Jian and Meng Tian have passed away for many years. As the greatest contributor to the reunification of Qin after that, Wang Jian is not as conceited as that, but he intends to retire after success. After capturing the capital of Yan State, he remained anonymous and gained fame and fortune. No matter how Ying Zheng persuaded him, he never entered the DPRK again. He died the year before Qin unified the six countries.
Meng Tian was a general who was shot dead by Qin after Wang Jian, and Meng Tian also caught up with the tail of Qin destroying the six countries and participated in the last battle to destroy Qi, thus making a windfall. Xiongnu became an enemy after the reunification of the Central Plains. Meng Tian was ordered to lead Qin Jun's main force to attack Xiongnu in the north, build the Great Wall of Wan Li at the same time, and March through the road. It can be said that Meng Tian, located in northern Xinjiang, used the most elite army of the Qin Dynasty, but after the death of Qin Shihuang, Meng Tian was killed by Zhao Gao and others.
Is the Qin Empire really like a castrated tiger, trampled by others? So, did the rise of Qin rely too much on the generals who fought?
With the death of Qin Shihuang, the royal family has lost the nature of struggle in their bones. The promulgation of "Order of Recruiting Talents" opened the way for the Qin State to drop talents in an eclectic way. Since then, every king of Qin, no matter how he came from, has been a thirsty man. The successful implementation of Shang Yang's political reform laid a solid foundation for A Qin. Ying Zheng, who was born at the end of the Warring States Period, and his father were both taken hostage in Zhao State. They suffered from human suffering and knew that weak countries had no diplomacy. After he ascended the throne, Ying Zheng's pursuit of power was unparalleled. He first eliminated the rebellion in Lao Ai, then brought down Lv Buwei, the "Guanzhong", and took control of national politics, and then extended his power to six countries.
Hu Hai, the son of a father, obviously has no disaster, so he has no great talent of his father. There is a lot of evidence that Ying Zheng prefers his eldest son, Fu Su, to inherit his throne, and his experience of Fu Su is often seen in history books. However, fate made Hu Hai ascend to the throne. Compared with his father, the first emperor, Hu Hai's ruling ability is a far cry from each other.
Ying Zheng's autocratic power, combined with the unique "imperial" imperial skill, kept ministers silent. "If you want me to die, I have to die" was not an empty talk in Ying Zheng's time. From the beginning of his reign, Hu Hai gave power to Zhao Gao with a wave of his hand, and even Prime Minister Reese could not stop the chaos.
In the face of the vigorous peasant uprising, Hu Hai would rather "cover her ears" and believe that they were hooligans than uprising, and Zhao Gao even "pointed the deer at the horse", which made ministers disappointed in Qin Ershi and Hu Hai. As the saying goes, "All is fair in war".
After Hu Hai ascended the throne, the defects of punishment and centralization led to isolation. These two points are combined because they complement each other. After the reunification of Ying Zheng, the enfeoffment system was abandoned and the county system was extended to the whole country. On the surface, "all over the world, is it the land of emperors", coupled with Ying Zheng's "taking the soldiers from all over the world and casting them as twelve golden men", it cut off the inland walls and eliminated the unstable factors in China.
The abolition of the enfeoffment system led to a consequence. Hu Hai's brothers and sisters, who should have been made kings and marquis, had no fief to go to. They can only stay in Xianyang, and Ying Zheng probably hasn't figured out how to arrange these children. The best result is the "Ming+Qing" model, which can only be raised in the capital.
It's a pity that Fu Su, a benevolent man, acceded to the throne, but Hu Hai, whose personality was distorted. Hu Hai is incompetent and very good at self-destruction of the Great Wall. Meng Tian, the warlord outside, and Reese, the prime minister of the Inner Dynasty, were both killed. His father's arrangement made it much easier for him to kill his younger brother, so he fought.
So when Liu Bang knocked off the customs, Hu Hai was surprised to find that when his father was also at fault, he should have been made a captaincy. At this time, his brother, who should have led the army, did not appear (killed), and the border guards who should have led the army back were beyond his reach, and all the talented civil servants and military commanders killed themselves.
In the Battle of Julu, Qin Jun's main force was wiped out. Even so, the strength of the Qin Empire should not be underestimated. Although Meng Tiandu died, 300,000 troops are still under the control of the king. Although Reese is dead, Hangu Pass is still there, what's more, under the "dead cat's paw", there is a Zhang Han with a little government.
As soon as Zhang Han went through the customs, Chen Sheng's army was washed away. The fighting capacity of Lishan prisoners made the rebels tremble with fear. Zhang Han has been hitting Dingtao from Hanguguan. Chen Sheng died, Wang Wei died, Tian Min died and Xiang Liang died. The army south of the Yellow River was beaten out of the water, and all the leaders fled. He said that he led his troops north to meet Wang Li and besieged the giant deer Zhao.
At this time, Qin still occupied an absolute advantage over the insurgents, but now he didn't notice that a talented strategist was depressed on the south bank of the Yellow River.
After the death of Xiang Liang, the puppet Chu Huaiwang finally became a full member and temporarily took control of the Chu army. He sent Xiang Yu to save Zhao and Liu Bang to tackle key problems. Then Xiang Yu killed Yi Song, and led the Chu army, which had no chance of winning, to defeat the king of Qin at Julu.
Although Wang Li's army was destroyed, Zhang Han's army is still there. Zhao Gao's manipulation shattered the hope that the Qin Empire would finally make a comeback. When Zhang Han sent a special envoy back to Xianyang, Zhao Gao's antipathy made Zhang Han, who had mastered the army, suddenly feel less confident, and he began to make peace with Xiang Yu.
Wang Li's failure and surrender made Qin completely lose control of kanto region, while Liu Bang seized the opportunity to pick peaches.
A large part of Liu Bang's relaxation stems from Zhang. As the saying goes, "you have a picture, I have a wall ladder", which shows the great power of strategy. After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, he promoted Sean to the height of "three outstanding heroes of early han dynasty", and Sean's help was indispensable when he entered the customs.
Liu Bang took the direction of Nanyang instead of the traditional Hangu Pass in Xiaoshan. The first problem he encountered was Wancheng. Wancheng is an important place in Nanyang, and it is difficult to conquer it quickly with the strength of Liu Bang20,000 people, so I want to abandon the city and take Xianyang directly.
Sean stopped him, claiming that if you don't want to be caught between Scylla and Charybdis, Wancheng must win. Liu Bang took Sean's advice, designed and persuaded the satrap of Wancheng, and gave him preferential treatment. The rest of the counties surrendered in succession, so Liu Bang's road to Guanzhong was successfully opened until the last checkpoint-Guanguan.
Although it is not as strong as Hangu Pass, it is also the last barrier of Xianyang. It is also heavily guarded, and Liu Bang is also impenetrable.
Sean once again put forward the plan of pretending to be a defender, and defeated Qin Jun when he was negligent in defense. Finally, Qin Jun was completely defeated in Lantian, which opened the door of Xianyang to Liu Bang, and Zi Ying, the king of Qin, surrendered to Liu Bang.
On the one hand, the success of Qin provided a natural barrier because of the existence of Hanguguan. It can be seen that the powerful countries such as Qin, Zhao, Chu and Qi all relied on their geographical advantages at the end of the Warring States period, while on the other hand, several generations of monarchs were ignorant. At that time, the strength of the country was extremely dependent on long-term hard work and policy stability. The failure of Qi and Chu was gradually eroded by the incompetence of the monarch, which led to the decline of national strength. Qin Shihuang overcame these two difficulties and successfully achieved reunification, but his successor Hu Hai failed to do so.
At the same time of Qin's demise, the rise of Xiang Yu, Liu Bang's invasion and Sean's stratagem finally opened the door of Xianyang, and the once glorious Qin Empire collapsed.