Dai Fugu was a famous Jianghu poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The word "Shang" lives in Nanping Mountain, Nantang, hence the name Shiping and Shiping Yinqiao. Huangyan. He has never been an official in his life. He is a prodigal son. Then he lived in seclusion and died for more than 80 years. He studied under Lu You, and his works were influenced by the poetic style of the late Tang Dynasty. Some works express patriotic thoughts and reflect people's sufferings, which is of practical significance.
Dai Fugu was born in Xiaozong Avenue in the Southern Song Dynasty for three years, and he was a passer-by in Pingshan Tiantai, Nantang, Huangyan County. His father, Dai, whose name is Dong Gaozi, is a die-hard poet who "adapts to poetry but does not advance, and is poor but does not regret". He wrote many poems in his life, but few have been handed down. He wrote the famous poem Fu and the famous sentence Walking along the River, which was appreciated by Wei Qingzhi, the editor of The Poet at that time, and enjoyed a high reputation in the southeast poetry circle at that time. Before he died, he said to his relatives and friends, "I am very ill and I am dying." Unfortunately, my sons are too young, and my poems have lost their descendants. "He is really obsessed with poetry.
Dai Fugu not only inherited his father's poetry lovers, but also inherited his father's style and carried it forward, just like a school leader. What's more, like his father, he refused to work and would rather wear clothes all his life. He is honest, does not flatter, does not sell his soul, and pursues fame and fortune. Like his father, he is always poor and has no regrets. In the Southern Song Dynasty, this was really commendable.
Dai Fugu's era is an era of "broken mountains and rivers, stormy clouds". The Southern Song Dynasty was in urgent need of survival. If we say that when we first established ourselves in Lin 'an, there were soldiers from all walks of life in the south, and campfires against the Jinyi Army were everywhere in the north, by the second generation of Xiaozong, he had been satisfied with the small court life of "Hangzhou changed to Bianzhou" because of his non-resistance, disappointment, downfall and the corruption and incompetence of the ruling group. When Dai Fugu was born in the second generation of this small dynasty, both Xin Qiji and Lu You were idle, not to mention an unknown afterlife. Therefore, even if Dai Fugu is "passive and generous", with the blood of a loyal person who serves the country, Chen Zhisui's poem "Returning from Dai Fugu's Hometown" says that plants can see flowers in the new garden by the wooden show in the shade of the courtyard. Shuangliu poetry, a pool of wine dust. Du Ming released Weng Jian. He's so lonely. "
Due to the local peace in the Southern Song Dynasty, Taizhou became the rear of the southeast coast, close to Beijing and relatively stable, which made the remote and isolated economically and culturally backward areas flourish rapidly. Especially in culture, since the Enlightenment in the Tang Dynasty, a large number of famous scholars such as Zhu, Tang, Zhao Ruyu and You Maohe have come to Taizhou and held important positions, which greatly promoted the development of Taizhou culture. Zhu and others attach importance to education, run academies and give lectures everywhere. Therefore, the imperial examination is becoming more and more popular and the number of people is increasing. During the Southern Song Dynasty (153), there were 550 people in Taizhou, male 1 person. So Xie Duo, a native of Taizhou in the Ming Dynasty, said, "At that time, people in Taiwan Province were called brothers. What are the restrictions? "
According to his predecessor and close friend, "One day, I came to see Yu with many poems and said,' This is how my father's career was handed down, but I was so poor. "".Yu Yue said, "Fu's poems are poor. If they are poor, they can make them again. If children can only cultivate poverty, then poetry will prosper! " This was unique among Taizhou intellectuals who were keen on fame and fortune in imperial examinations at that time.
Second, look at the house and learn from the owners. According to Records of New Records of Huangyan, his poems are far away from Shaoling and near Jiannan. It is particularly noteworthy that "it is the gate of three mountains and Lu Fangweng, and poetry is advancing." So he did visit Mr. Lu You. Lu You, a patriotic realist poet in the same strain as Du Fu, shocked the ruling and opposition parties at that time. "The Poem of Jian Nan" is an example for Dai Fugu to learn. He finally went to see his teacher. Under the personal guidance of a generation of great masters, he "devoted himself to study" and "made some progress in poetry" and reached the realm of "self-cultivation".
Gong Shitai, a Manchu in Yuan Dynasty, traced his whereabouts, which can be summarized as follows: "Traveling to Oumin in the south, wuyue in the north, Huiji River in the upper reaches, paying absolute attention to the river surface, drifting in Li Peng and Pandongting, meeting Mad Deer, Five Old Men and Jiu Feng, leaving them in nostalgia and returning to Yu Wei to spend their old age." He mainly traveled in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and set foot in the Huaihe River valley in northern Xinjiang, and was in a state of seesaw with the Jin people at that time.
In the past 40 years, he has been wandering three times and spent half his life all over the country.